Ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu

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Ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu
ọrịa ọrịa, class of disease
obere ụdị nketrypanosomiasis, neglected tropical disease, endemic disease, vector-borne disease, disease Dezie
ihe kpatara yaTrypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Dezie
health specialtyinfectious diseases Dezie
nyocha ahụikephysical examination, lumbar puncture, Ugogbe mbusa bekee oji ọkụ, agglutination Dezie
drug or therapy used for treatment(RS)-eflornithine, nifurtimox, suramin, pentamidine, melarsoprol Dezie
usoro nnyefe ọrịavector-borne transmission Dezie
has natural reservoirTsetse fly Dezie
ICD-9-CM086.5 Dezie
NCI Thesaurus IDC84541, C84541 Dezie

[ [ File:Tsetse foldedWings.jpeg | thumb|260px|Tsetse with folded wings ] ]

Ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu (African trypanosomiasis): Life cycle.

African trypanosomiasis ma ọ bụ ọrịa ihi ụra nke ukwuu[1] bụ ọrịa parasaịtị nke ndị mmadụ na anụmanụ ọzọ. Parasaịtị nke otu ụmụ ahụhụ ọrịa ana-akpọ Trypanosoma bruceina-akpata ya.[2] Enwere ụdị abụọ nke na-ewetara ọrịa na anụmanụ, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) na Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.).[1] T.b.g na-akpata karịa 98% nke ụdị ọrịa ahụ amatara.[1] Enyefere ndị abụọ site na aru nke ofufe tsetse nkaa nwere ọrịa ahụ ma ọ dị ahụkarị na mpaghara ime obodo.[1]

Na mbido, na agba mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ, enwere ahu oku, isi ọwụwa, oko, ma mgbu nkwonkwo.[1] Nke a na-amalite na izu abụọ na atọ mgbe aru ahụ gachaa.[3] Mgbe ọtụtụ izu na ọnwa, agba abụọ na-amalite na mmesa anya, enweghị ike iche echiche n’ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, enweghị ike ebuli aka na ụkwụ na nsogbu na ehi ụra.[1][3] Ana eme nrugosi ụdị ọrịa site na achọ parasaịtị ahụ n’ime ọbara ejikere maka ịlele ma ọ bụ n’ime mmiri mmiri nke enwetara site na nkwonkwo.[3] Achọrọ nnweta mmiri site na ọkpụkpụ azụ n’ọtụtụ mgbe iji kwuo ndịiche n’ime agba mbụ na agba abụọ nke ọrịa ahụ.[3]

Mgbochi ọrịa siri ike na-agụnye nlele ndị mmadụ nke dị n'okpuru ize ndụ ọrịa ahụ na nlele ọbara maka T.b.g.[1] Ọgwụgwọ dịkwa mfe mgbe achọtara ọrịa n’oge na tupu akara ọrịa akwara ga-egosi.[1] Ọgwụgwọ agba mbụ bụ na ọgwụ pentamidine ma ọ bụ suramin.[1] Ọgwụgwọ agba abụọ na-agụnye eflornithine ma ọ bụ nchikọta nke nifurtimox na eflornithine maka T.b.g.[3] N’agbanyeghị na melarsoprol na-arụ ọrụ maka ndị abụọ, ana-eji ya maka T.b.r. naanị n’ọtụtụ oge maka na mmetụta ya n’ahụ.[1]

Ọrịa a na-eme mgbe nile n'ụfọdụ mpaghara nke Ndịda ọhịa Sahara nke Afrịka, ebee ndị mmadụ n’okpuru ize ndụ bụ ruo nde 70 na obodo 36.[4] N’afọ 2010 ọ mere ọnwụ ruo 9,000, nbelata site na 34,000 n’afọ 1990.[5] Ndị mmadụ ruo 30,000 nwere ọrịa ahụ ugbu a, na ọrịa ofufe ọhụrụ 7000 n’afọ 2012.[1] Karịa 80% n’ime ndị mmadụ ndị a bi na Rịpụbilikị Keochichi ndị nkiti nke Congo.[1] Ihe ndapụta atọ dị mkpa ya mere na akụkọ ọhụrụ: Otu site na 1896 na 1906 tumadu na Uganda na Mmiri nke agaghịnihu Congo na abụọ n’afọ 1920 na 1970 n’ọtụtụ obodo na Afrịka.[1] Anumanu ọzọ, dịka ehi, nwere ike ịbu ọrịa na nwee ọrịa.[1]

References[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 WHO Media centre (June 2013). "Fact sheet N°259: Trypanosomiasis, Human African (sleeping sickness)". 
  2. MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Sleeping sickness
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Kennedy, PG (2013 Feb). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness).". Lancet neurology 12 (2): 186-94. PMID 23260189. 
  4. Simarro PP, Cecchi G, Franco JR, Paone M, Diarra A, Ruiz-Postigo JA, Fèvre EM, Mattioli RC, Jannin JG (2012). "Estimating and Mapping the Population at Risk of Sleeping Sickness". PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6 (10): e1859. DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001859. 
  5. Lozano, R (Dec 15, 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMID 23245604.