Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị
Ikpa oke nwoke na nwanyị a mara ka Sexism na-olu ndị Bekee, bụ ajọ mbunobi ma ọ bụ ịkpa ókè dabere na okike mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na mmekọahụ nwere ike imetụta onye ọ bụla, ma ọ na-emetụtakarị ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ, n'ihi na ha bụ nwoke na-esighị ike. Ejikọtala ya na ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị na stereotypes, ma nwee ike ịgụnye nkwenye na otu okike ka ibe ya.[1] Oke mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị nwere ike ịkwalite mmenye egwu mmekọahụ, ndina n'ike, na ụdị ndị ọzọ ime ihe ike mmekọahụ.[2][3]
Ikpa oke nwoke na nwanyị na-ezo aka na imebi ohere nha anya dabere na okike. Ikpa oke nwoke na nwanyị nwere ike ibilite site na omenala na ụkpụrụ ọha mmadụ ma ọ bụ omenala.[4]
Ndabere
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'akụkọ ihe mere eme niile, ịkpa oke dabere na nwoke na nwanyị etolitela na mba dị iche iche. N'India, ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ n'oge bụ ndị e gburu onwe ha. Na Europe, a na-ewere ọtụtụ ndị amoosu ka ụmụ nwanyị, a na-achụkarịkwa ha n'agbanyeghị na e nwere ndị amoosu nwoke.[5]
N'oge a, a naghị ahapụ ụmụ nwanyị ịtụ vootu, itinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nweta ọrụ na ekwekwaghị ka ha họrọ ndị ha ga-alụ na mba ụfọdụ.[6]
A na-akọwakarịkwa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị na-adabere na okwu ụmụ nwoke.
A na-ejikwa ụmụ nwanyị eme ihe mgbe niile dị ka ihe nnọchianya mmekọahụ na n'ebe ụfọdụ, ihe omume ndị na-eweda ikike ụmụ nwanyị dị ka alụm di na nwunye, ịgba akwụna,ndina n'ike na mgbasa ozi mmekọahụ bụ ihe juru ebe niile na mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụna na-akwalite ma na-eme site n'aka ụmụ nwanyị.
ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị na-emetụtakwa otu ndị siri ike (ndị nwoke), dịka ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị (ndị na-ahụ maka nwanyị siri ike) nwere ike na-emeso ụmụ nwoke ihe omume ịkpa oke ma ọ bụrụ na enyere ha ikike. Rịba ama na ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị nwekwara ike ime n'ime otu okike dịka ụfọdụ nwere ike ịkwado nwoke na nwanyị na-abụghị nwoke na nwanyị nke ha, nke a na-ewerekwa dị ka ịkpa ókè.[7]
Ntụaka na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Schaefer, Richard T. (2011). "Women: The Oppressed Majority", Sociology in Modules. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-802677-5.
- ↑ Matsumoto, David (2001). The Handbook of Culture and Psychology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513181-9.
- ↑ Nakdimen, K. A. (1984). "The Physiognomic Basis of Sexual Stereotyping". American Journal of Psychiatry 141 (4): 499–503. DOI:10.1176/ajp.141.4.499. PMID 6703126.
- ↑ Masequesmay, Gina (5 Jan 2024). "Sexism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 19 Feb 2024.
- ↑ De Vos, M. (2020). The European Court of Justice and the march towards substantive equality in European Union anti-discrimination law. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 20(1), 62-87.
- ↑ "FIFA must act after death of Iran's 'Blue Girl,' says activist", CNN, September 12, 2019.
- ↑ Benatar, David. The Second Sexism: Discrimination Against Men And Boys. 2012. John Wiley & Sons Inc., West Sussex, UK; ISBN 978-0-470-67446-8
- Atwell, Mary Welek. 2002. 'Equal Protection of the Law?: Gender and Justice in the United States'. New York: P. Lang. ISBN 978-0-8204-5502-0
- Bojarska, Katarzyna (2012). "Responding to lexical stimuli with gender associations: A Cognitive–Cultural Model". Journal of Language and Social Psychology 32: 46–61. DOI:10.1177/0261927X12463008.
- (2005) Feminist theory: a philosophical anthology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-1661-9. Part II What is Sexism? pp. 69–114.
- Cudd, Ann E.; Jones, Leslie E. (2005), "Sexism", in Frey, R.G.; Heath Wellman, Christopher (eds.), A companion to applied ethics, Blackwell Companions to Philosophy, Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 102–117, doi:10.1002/9780470996621.ch8, ISBN 978-1-4051-3345-6 – via Internet Archive.