Ọdọ Mmiri Asụsụ dị larịị
Asụsụ Lakes Plain bụ ezinụlọ nke asụsụ Papuan, nke a na-asụ na Ọdọ Mmiri Indonesian New Guinea . Ha bụ ndị ama ama maka ịdị oke ụda na n'ihi enweghị consonants imi ha.
Nhazi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Stephen Wurm chịkọtara asụsụ ndị Lakes Plain na asụsụ Tor na atụmatụ Trans–New Guinea ya. Clouse (1997) jụrụ njikọ a na asụsụ Tor wee chịkọta ha na asụsụ Geelvink Bay . Malcolm Ross na-ekewa asụsụ ndị ahụ dị ka ezinụlọ nwere onwe ha, ọkwa nke Timothy Usher kwadoro.
N'ihi myirịta ụda olu pụtara ìhè na ikekọrịta nke okwu ndị bụ isi kwụsiri ike dị ka 'olu', William A. Foley na-akọwapụta na enwere ike inwe mmekọrịta dị anya nke na-ekekọrịta n'etiti ezinụlọ Skou na Lakes Plain, mana ọnweghị ndụmọdụ gbasara njikọ ezinụlọ abụọ ahụ emere n'ihi enweghị akaebe zuru oke. [1] Na mgbakwunye na dị ka Foley si kwuo, dabere na myirịta ụfọdụ okwu na ụda olu, asụsụ Keuw (nke na-edobebeghị ugbu a) nwekwara ike ịkekọrịta mmekọrịta miri emi na asụsụ Lakes Plain.
Dịka East Cenderawasih Bay, Trans-New Guinea, na ezinụlọ asụsụ South Bougainville, asụsụ Lakes Plain nwere usoro akara ikpe na-ezighị ezi . N'ụzọ dị iche, ọtụtụ asụsụ dị na mgbago ugwu Papua New Guinea nwere sistemu ịka akara ikpe. [2]
Mmechi (1997)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mmechi (1997, p. 155) na-ekewa n'ime ezinụlọ Lakes Plain ka: [3] Clouse kwubiri na asụsụ East Geelvink Bay bụ ndị nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Lakes Plain, na-eji ya na-emepe Geelvink Bay phylum sara mbara. [3]
Usher (2018)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asụsụ Lakes Plain dịka nke Usher kewara bụ ndị a: Templeeti:CladeAgụnyeghị na nhazi ọkwa dị n'elu, Kaiy, Kwerisa, Doutai na Waritai bụ nke a na-eche na ọ bụkwa Central Lakes Plain; otu ahụ maka Obokuitai na Biritai . Clouse etinyela ha nso na Papasena na Eritai, n'otu n'otu, ha nwekwara ike iji asụsụ ndị ahụ mepụta ụyọkọ olumba.
Enwere ajụjụ gbasara nsonye Saponi, Kehu na Tause.
Nkpọaha
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpọaha aha Ross na-ewughachi maka proto-Tariku bụ,
Nnọchiaha nke "I" na "gị" kwekọrọ bụ proto–East Lake Plain *a, *do, Awera yai, nai (nke ikpeazụ sitere na *dai; tụnyerekwa e "anyị"), na Rasawa e-, de-. Saponi enweghị nnọchiaha ọ bụla n'ime ezinụlọ Lakes Plain; n'ezie nnochiaha ya mamire "I, we" na ba "gi" na-echetara proto-East Bird's Head *meme "anyị" na *ba "gị". Agbanyeghị, Saponi na Rasawa na-ekerịta ọkara nke usoro nkọwa okwu ya, Ross hapụrụ ya na ezinụlọ Lakes Plain na-eche nyocha ọzọ. A na-achịkọtakwa asụsụ Tause n'etiti otu Tariku nke asụsụ Ọdọ Mmiri. Ross bufere ya na isi nnụnụ East - asụsụ Sentani na ndabere nke nnọchiaha myirịta na-atụ anya na nke a ga-akwalite nyocha ọzọ.
N'okpuru bụ nnọchiaha n'asụsụ Lakes Plain ahọpụtara dịka Foley (2018) nyere: [1]
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ndepụta mpaghara Papua maka ndepụta mpaghara na obodo nta nwere asụsụ dị iche iche
Ọgụgụ ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Proto-Lakes-Plain . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- Ọdọ mmiri Proto-Far West Lake . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- Proto-Tariku . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- Proto-West-Tariku . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- Proto-Central-Tariku . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- Proto-East-Tariku . TransNewGuinea.org . Site na (1) Mmechi, DA 1997. Maka nrụgharị na nhazigharị nke asụsụ Lakes Plain nke Irian Jaya. Na Franklin, K. (ed). Akwụkwọ dị na Papuan Linguistics Nke 2. Pacific Linguistics: Canberra. ; (2) Mmechi, DA 1993. Asụsụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Iran, 21, 1–32.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Foley (2018). "The languages of Northwest New Guinea", in Palmer: The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide, The World of Linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 433–568. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Foley-NWNG" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Foley (2018). "The morphosyntactic typology of Papuan languages", in Palmer: The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide, The World of Linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 895–938. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Clouse (1997). "Towards a reconstruction and reclassification of the Lakes Plain languages of Irian Jaya", in Karl Franklin: Papers in Papuan linguistics no. 2. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, 133–236. ISBN 0858834421. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Clouse-LakesPlain" defined multiple times with different content
ezinụlọ Skou na Lakes Plain, mana ọnweghị ndụmọdụ gbasara njikọ ezinụlọ abụọ ahụ emere n'ihi enweghị akaebe zuru oke. [1] Na mgbakwunye na dị ka Foley si kwuo, dabere na myirịta ụfọdụ okwu na ụda olu, asụsụ Keuw (nke na-edobebeghị ugbu a) nwekwara ike ịkekọrịta mmekọrịta mpaghara
Njikọ mpụga
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