Ọrịa Nyovani

Nyovani Janet Madise bụ onye isi ugbu a nke nyocha na amụma mmepe na-adigide na onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Malawi nke Institute for Development Policy.[1] Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ na World Health Organisation na onye bụbu prọfesọ na Mahadum Southampton na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ.[1] Nyovani nwere ihe karịrị 100 akwụkwọ nyocha nyocha nke ndị ọgbọ [2] na-elekwasị anya n'ihe gbasara ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ iji gosipụta mmetụta nke ihe gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ahụike na mba ndị dị ala. ^[1]^[2]

Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ bụ isi nye Melinda French Gates gbasara atụmatụ ezinụlọ na Africa dị ka Gates maka 2014 TEDx [1] ya na Berlin na nzukọ atụmatụ ezinụlọ London ya na 2012.[2] Na 2007, Madise kwuru okwu 40th Session nke United Nations Commission on Population and Development na New York, na-akọwapụta mkpa nghọta na itinye ego na ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ nke ọgbọ na-esote Africa.^[1]

Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ

Nyovani Madise mụrụ na Blantyre, Malawi, nye nna nke bụ onye na-akwụ ụgwọ ego na nne na-arụ ọrụ na mgbasa ozi. Ọ gara mahadum Malawi, na-agụcha akara ugo mmụta mahadum na mgbakọ na mwepụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ na 1983. Ọ kwagara UK ka ọ nweta akara ugo mmụta Master of Science wee nweta PhD na social statistics na Mahadum Southampton. ^[3]

N'afọ 2016, ọ natara nzere doctoral dị elu (DSc) site na Mahadum Aberdeen iji kwado onyinye ya na nyocha gbasara ahụike n'Africa.^[1] Madise arụworị ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na Mahadum Malawi na dị ka onye isi nchọpụta sayensị na African Population and Health Research Center na Kenya. O nweela ọtụtụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị elu, gụnyere onye isi nchịkwa nke nyocha na nnukwu ngalaba na Southampton, osote onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ; onye ndu mahadum maka ịha nhata, ọdịiche, na itinye aka; onye nduzi nke iwu ọha na eze, na onye nduzi of the Center for Global Health, Population, Poverty, and Policy na Southampton.^[1]

Ahụmahụ ndụmọdụ

Madise bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị iri na ise nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu UN họpụtara ide akụkọ mmepe zuru ụwa ọnụ nke afọ 2023. A ga-amalite akụkọ ahụ ka ụwa na-eru nso n'etiti etiti nke 2030 Agenda ma na-agba mbọ iwughachi mgbe (ma ọ bụ n'etiti) ọrịa COVID-19 gasịrị. Ọ na-achọ ime ka ihe ngwọta ndị nwere ike ime ka ọganihu na SDGs dị ngwa. A họpụtakwara ya dịka onye isi oche nke Global Environment Outlook Assessment Report.

Nyovani bụ osote onye isi oche nke Population Council Board of Trustees, ebe ọ na-eduzi ọrụ pụrụ iche. Ọ bụkwa Onye nlekọta nke Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.

Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke AmplifyChange LTD, nke na-akwado nkwado na otu ndị na-akwado ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara ise ndị a dị mkpa, dị ka: (i) Mwepụ ime ihe ike metụtara nwoke na nwanyị, (ii) Iwepụ ihe mgbochi na-ete ime na nchekwa, (iii) ịma aka mkparị na ịkpa ókè, (iv) Ịkwalite ahụike mmekọahụ nke ndị na-eto eto, na (v) Ịbawanye ahụike n'inweta ahụike nke ndị na-eto eto.

Nyovani na-anọdụ na Advisory Group of Population and Public Health Early Career Group. Ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Mahadum Malawi Council ugbu a.

Mmụta agụmakwụkwọ

"Ọnụ Ụba bụ ihe na-akpali akparamagwa Mmekọahụ Dị ize ndụ? Ihe akaebe sitere na National Surveys of Adolescents in four African Countries" (2007) LinkNjikọ

Madise so Eliya Zulu na James Ciera dee edemede a. Ihe abụọ kpaliri nnyocha ahụ; nke mbụ, oke mgbasa nke Nje HIV n'etiti ndị na-eto eto n'Afrịka. Nke abụọ, eziokwu ahụ bụ na o yighị ka e nwere nkwekọrịta agụmakwụkwọ na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ịda ogbenye na omume mmekọahụ dị ize ndụ n'Africa; nsonaazụ ga-adabere na ụdị data anakọtara, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị sonyere na ihe nkọwa ọrụ nke mmekọahụ bụ. Nnyocha Macro gosiri na mba ndị dara ogbenye na-ata ahụhụ karịa ndị bara ọgaranya mgbe ọrịa HIV na-efe. Na ọkwa Micro ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ n'ime mba ndị kasị baa ọgaranya na Sub-Saharan Africa dị ka Botswana na South Africa nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu Nje HIV na mpaghara ahụ. Nke a megidere data dị na ọkwa Macro nke na-akwado eziokwu ahụ bụ na mba ndị dara ogbenye ga-enwe obere ihe iji tinye ego na ọrụ mgbochi. N'ikpeazụ, na mgbọrọgwụ ahịhịa, o yiri ka enwere mmekọrịta dị mma n'etiti akụ na ụba na mgbasa nke nje HIV na kọntinent Afrịka. Mgbasa nke nje HIV na mba Afrịka nwere njikọ na ịgagharị agagharị. Ndị bara ọgaranya ga-eme njem ma gosipụta onwe ha karịa na ndị nwere nje HIV wee mee ka mgbasa ahụ dị mfe.

Iji nweta mgbọrọgwụ nke okwu a, Madise, Zulu na Cierra malitere idozi nke a site na ịnakọta data sitere na mba anọ dị iche iche Burkina Faso, Malawi, Uganda na Ghana na ihe karịrị ndị sonyere 19500 n'agbata afọ 12 na 19. A họọrọ mba ndị a n'ihi na ha ga-enye ọkwa dị iche iche na ọnọdụ dị iche iche nke mgbasa nke nje HIV. Nsonaazụ ha gosiri na ụmụ agbọghọ ndị nọ n'ọhịa kacha baa ọgaranya na Malawi, Burkina Faso na Ghana mechara nwee mmekọahụ mbụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ogbenye. Nke a abụghị eziokwu maka Uganda. Ọzọkwa, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma bara ọgaranya nwere ike iji condom mee ihe na omume mmekọahụ ikpeazụ ha. N'ikpeazụ na Uganda na Ghana, ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nwere mmekọrịta dị mma na ohere nke inwe ndị mmekọ. Akụkọ ahụ na ịda ogbenye na-eme ka ohere ụmụ agbọghọ dara ogbenye nwere inwe mmekọahụ kwekọrọ na nyocha nke gosipụtara na a na-eme nke a iji gbanwere onyinye na ego. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-egosikwa na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere ike inwe mmekọahụ karịa ndị na-anọghị n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ. Akwụkwọ ahụ kwubiri na ịda ogbenye na-emetụta ohere nke omume mmekọahụ dị ize ndụ, ọkachasị n'etiti ụmụ agbọghọ.^[4]

"È nwere uru n'obodo ukwu na ndụ ụmụaka na mpaghara Sahara Africa? Ihe akaebe sitere na mba iri na asatọ n'afọ ndị 1990" (2011) LinkNjikọ

Madise so dee edemede a na Philippe Bocquier na Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu. N'ịhụ usoro ọnwụ ụmụaka dị elu nke ndị na-akwaga n'ime ime obodo na obodo ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-abụghị ndị bi n'obodo ukwu, Madise, Bocquier, na Zulu jiri data DHS sitere na mba 18 nke Afrịka tụnyere iji kwuo na ọ bụghị ebe obibi kama ọ bụ ịnweta ọrụ na ohere akụ na ụba dị mkpa maka ndụ ụmụaka. Ha jiri data DHS anakọtara site na mba Afrịka iri na asatọ n'etiti afọ 1995 na 2001 ma nyochaa ọnọdụ mbata nke nne na mmetụta nke ihe mejupụtara, dị ka ọdịiche dị na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba, ịdị ọcha, na njirimara ụmụaka n'otu n'otu.

N'iji ndị na-akwaga n'ime obodo tụnyere ndị obodo mepere emepe, ndị na-akwagharị na-eme ihe ọjọọ karịa ụmụ amaala na-erughị ọkara nke mba - ya mere, ihe a na-ahụ na ọghọm dị ndụ n'ime ụmụaka nke ndị na-aga n'obodo mepere emepi ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ amaala obodo abụghị ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ. Ndị si n'ime ime obodo gaa n'obodo ukwu nwere ike ịba ọgaranya ma ọ bụ ndị nwere ohere dị mma maka ọrụ ahụike karịa ndị ọzọ bi n'ime obodo. N'aka nke ọzọ, ụmụ nke ndị bi n'obodo ukwu na-akwaga n'ime ime obodo nwere ọnwụ dị elu mgbe ha nọ n'obodo mepere emepe ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọzọ bi n'ime obodo, n'ihi na ha na-abụkarị ndị kasị daa ogbenye na ndị na-enweghị ohere ịnweta ọrụ. Nchọpụta ha na-akwado echiche ahụ na ọnwụ ụmụaka dị ala n'obodo ukwu karịa n'ime ime obodo, mana ọ bụrụ na ezinụlọ ndị dị n'ime obodo nwere ike ịnweta ịdị ọcha na ọrụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọdịmma akụ na ụba ha ka mma, ọnwụ ụmụaka n'imeime ime obodo nwere ike ịdaba na ọkwa ndị na-eme ka ihe a na-akpọ uru obodo.^[5]

"Ichebe ụmụ nwanyị na-akwaga mba ọzọ pụọ na mmekọahụ a manyere ha na nje HIV" (2017) LinkNjikọ

N'akwụkwọ a, Madise na Bernard Onyango malitere site n'inyocha okwu ahụ site na ọkwa dị elu na-egosi eziokwu ahụ bụ na 30% nke ụmụ nwanyị n'ụwa niile abụrụla ndị mmegbu nke onye ha maara. Mmetọ a nwere mmetụta mmetụta uche, uche na ahụike na-adịghị mma maka ụmụ nwanyị. Madise na Onyango hotara akwụkwọ Julie Pannetier na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na The Lancet Public Health, nke na-egosi na ụfọdụ ndị na-akwaga Europe butere nje HIV mgbe ha rutere ebe ha na-aga.^[6] Nke a megidere nkwenye a ma ama na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a si na mpaghara Sahara Africa butere ọrịa a tupu ha abịarute. Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na-ekwu na ụmụ nwanyị na-akwaga mba ọzọ na-abụkarị ndị ọrụ nwere nkà dị ala na-agba ọsọ mba ha n'ihi ịda ogbenye na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ime ihe ike mmekọahụ.

Akụkọ sitere na UNHCR na-atụ aro na a na-amanye ụfọdụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị a ịkwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ njem na akwụkwọ iji ruo Europe site n'ịgbanwe ihu ọma mmekọahụ.Enweghị mkpa ndị bụ isi dị ka ebe obibi na ahụike mgbe ị na-abata na Europe na-abawanye ohere nke ịbụ ndị mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị n'ihi na ha adịghị ike. Ihe ọghọm ahụ na-abawanye site na ịda ogbenye nke na-eme ka enweghị nha anya na-eduga na enweghị ike n'etiti ndị ọgaranya na ndị ogbenye. Enweghị ike a ga-eduga n'ịhụ na-adịghị mma nke nwanyị maka echiche nke uru onwe ya na n'ikpeazụ duga n'ịzụ ahịa ya. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ kwubiri na ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ nwanyị na-etolite ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama nke ndị na-akwaga mba ọzọ, ọ dị mkpa maka nyocha nke nwoke na nwanyị mgbe a na-emepụta ụkpụrụ na iwu ọpụpụ.^[7]

"Gbanwee egwuregwu maka sayensị na South ụwa" (2020) Njikọ

N'isiokwu a, Madise gosipụtara mkpa ọ dị imekọ ihe ọnụ sayensị ka ọ na-akwalite mmepe ụwa. Ọnọdụ mberede COVID-19 dị ugbu a na-egosi, ọ bụrụ na achọrọ ihe akaebe ndị ọzọ, etu ụwa si jikọọ ọnụ na etu o si dị mkpa maka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ka ha gaa n'ihu na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ gafee ókèala mba na mpaghara. N'agbanyeghị mmetụta akụ na ụba, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke nsogbu ahụ, Ụbọchị Sayensị Ụwa a maka Udo na Mmepe, anyị kwesịrị ịtụgharị uche na ọganihu e mere na mmepe ụwa n'ihi mmekorita sayensị.

Na mba ndị dị ala na nke etiti (LMICs), anyị ahụla mmụba dị ukwuu na nrụpụta yana n'ịdị mma nyocha na ihe ọhụrụ. Ndị a gụnyere nnukwu nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ na mba dị iche iche na ọganihu na ahụike, teknụzụ mkpanaka na nkesa data, yana mgbasa nke teknụzụ ike dị ọnụ ala, na-adigide. Ọganihu a bụ nke Sustainable Development Goals kwadoro, nke mba niile kwadoro na 2015 dị ka "atụmatụ ekekọrịtara maka udo na ọganihu maka ndị mmadụ na ụwa, ugbu a na n'ọdịnihu". Mba dị iche iche ahọrọla nke n'ime 17 SDG ga-elekwasị anya na, nke a ewepụtala njikọ aka nke mmasị na gburugburu ebumnuche ndị a..

Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ

[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ugboro ole na oge nke nlekọta tupu amụọ nwa na Kenya: ịkọwa ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị nke obodo dị iche iche"
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nghọta nke ihe ize ndụ nke HIV / AIDS na omume mmekọahụ na Kenya"
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Mmetụta nke okwu na ojiji nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụike maka ịmụ nwa n'Africa"
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]"Ụkpụrụ na ihe ndị na-ekpebi inye nwa ara na usoro inye nwa ara ndị ọzọ n'ime obodo ndị a na-amaghị ama, Nairobi Kenya Authors"
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Mmekọahụ mbụ a manyere n'etiti ụmụ agbọghọ nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na mpaghara Sahara Africa: mgbasa na ihe gbara ya gburugburu"
Guy M Poppy, Sosten Chiotha, Felix Eigenbrod, Celia A Harvey, Miroslav Honzák, Malcolm D Hudson, Andy Jarvis, NJ Madise, Kate Schreckenberg, CM Shackleton, F Villa, Terence P Dawson, 2014. "Nchebe nri n'oké ifufe zuru oke: iji usoro ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi iji bulie nghọta"

Edemsibia

1 2 3 4 Nyovani Madise, Ph.D.. African Institute for Development Policy - AFIDEP. Archived from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved on 2019-04-02.
↑ Nyovani Madise | PIIVeC. www.piivec.org. Retrieved on 2019-04-03.
↑ Watts (2018-06-30). "Nyovani Madise: shining a light on the social determinants of SRHR" (in English). The Lancet 391 (10140): 2597. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30935-8. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 29753594.
↑ Madise (December 2007). "Is poverty a driver for risky sexual behaviour? Evidence from national surveys of adolescents in four African countries". African Journal of Reproductive Health 11 (3): 83–98. DOI:10.2307/25549733. ISSN 1118-4841. PMID 20698061.
↑ Bocquier (May 2011). "Is there an urban advantage in child survival in sub-saharan Africa? Evidence from 18 countries in the 1990s". Demography 48 (2): 531–558. DOI:10.1007/s13524-011-0019-2. ISSN 0070-3370. PMID 21590463.
↑ Loû (2018-01-01). "Prevalence and circumstances of forced sex and post-migration HIV acquisition in sub-Saharan African migrant women in France: an analysis of the ANRS-PARCOURS retrospective population-based study" (in English). The Lancet Public Health 3 (1): e16–e23. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30211-6. ISSN 2468-2667. PMID 29307383.
↑ Onyango (2018-01-01). "Protecting female migrants from forced sex and HIV infection" (in English). The Lancet Public Health 3 (1): e2–e3. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30219-0. ISSN 2468-2667. PMID 29307384.

[:1-1] 1 2 3 4 Nyovani Madise, Ph.D.. African Institute for Development Policy - AFIDEP. Archived from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved on 2019-04-02.

[2] Nyovani Madise | PIIVeC. www.piivec.org. Retrieved on 2019-04-03.

[3] Watts (2018-06-30). "Nyovani Madise: shining a light on the social determinants of SRHR" (in English). The Lancet 391 (10140): 2597. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30935-8. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 29753594.

[4] Madise (December 2007). "Is poverty a driver for risky sexual behaviour? Evidence from national surveys of adolescents in four African countries". African Journal of Reproductive Health 11 (3): 83–98. DOI:10.2307/25549733. ISSN 1118-4841. PMID 20698061.

[5] Bocquier (May 2011). "Is there an urban advantage in child survival in sub-saharan Africa? Evidence from 18 countries in the 1990s". Demography 48 (2): 531–558. DOI:10.1007/s13524-011-0019-2. ISSN 0070-3370. PMID 21590463.

[6] Loû (2018-01-01). "Prevalence and circumstances of forced sex and post-migration HIV acquisition in sub-Saharan African migrant women in France: an analysis of the ANRS-PARCOURS retrospective population-based study" (in English). The Lancet Public Health 3 (1): e16–e23. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30211-6. ISSN 2468-2667. PMID 29307383.

[7] Onyango (2018-01-01). "Protecting female migrants from forced sex and HIV infection" (in English). The Lancet Public Health 3 (1): e2–e3. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30219-0. ISSN 2468-2667. PMID 29307384.

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