Ụmụnne Woodward
The Woodward brothers (as they are known) were Richard Blake Woodward (1848 – c. 1905, Tugela River?) and John Deverell Stewart Woodward (1849 – c.1905), who were English missionaries and ornithologists.[1] A mụrụ ha na Bathford, England nye Richard na Mary Woodward. Site na njem ha na-eme njem, nchịkọta ihe atụ na mbipụta, ha, tinyere Arthur Stark, guzobere ntọala maka ornithology nke narị afọ nke 20 na mpaghara ndịda Africa.
Ọrụ ndị ozi ala ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A zụrụ ụmụnne ahụ dị ka ndị ozi ala ọzọ Anglịkan.[2] Ozi mbu ha bu na Amerika, n'ebe amaghi ama. Ha bipụtara na ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ na America tupu ha akwaga Transvaal na mmalite 1870s. N'ebe a, ha malitere ịkpa atụrụ na mbụ na mpaghara Amersfoort, tupu ha akwaga Ifafa, Natal, iji rụọ ọrụ ubi.[3]
Ha gakwara na ozi St Luke dị nso na Harding, [4] ebe ha nyeere onye isi dikọn Joseph Barker aka. a họpụtara ya ka ha banye na Chọọchị Anglịkan na 1881 na Pietermaritzburg, na 1883 ha bụ ndị enyemaka ndị ụkọchukwu na St Luke. Site na 1884 ha jikọtara ya na American Board of Foreign Missions nke nwere ọdụ na Hlatikulu, Zululand, na ọrụ Adam, Amanzimtoti . [4][2] A na-arụ ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ na njem ha site na ozi ndị a.
Njem n'ọhịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ụmụnna ahụ nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na ndụ anụmanụ nke mpaghara ahụ, nke a na-akọwaghị nke ọma na 1870. N'ime afọ iri nke mbata ha malitere ibipụta ihe nleba anya gbasara agụ iyi, adaka na agụ owuru na The Zoologist na The Natal Mercury. Edere ihe ha chọpụtara ma mee nnwale ndị a na-achịkwa na ụfọdụ anụmanụ.[2] Site na 1880 gaa n'ihu, ọtụtụ mmasị ha lekwasịrị anya na Nnụnụ nke mpaghara ahụ. Ụmụnne ahụ mere njem nchọpụta na Ugwu Lebombo na Ọhịa Ngoye na Zululand.
Na nke mbụ ụdị dị ka Eastern nicator na Livingstone's turaco ka ahụrụ na-eme na ndịda Zambezi. N'ime ọhịa nke ka kpuchiri ugwu Berea dị na Port Natal, ha chịkọtara ụdị ụdị nke agbụrụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ogige warbler, Sylvia borin woodwardi. A na-ewere ya dị ka ụdị ọhụrụ nke Africa, S. woodwardi, mgbe akpọrọ ya na nsọpụrụ ha na 1877.[4] Na mgbakwunye, ha chọpụtara ndị bi n'ebe ndịda nke green barbet na Ngoye forest, [4] nke Captain Shelley kpọrọ aha ha na 1895, Stactolaema woodwardi. N'afọ 1900, nchọpụta ha ọzọ, batis nke Woodwards, [4] bụ nke Shelley gụrụ aha ha, B. fratrum na-ezo aka na ụmụnne.
E zigara R. B. Sharpe ọtụtụ n'ime nnụnụ ha na British Museum, [1] onye nyeere ha aka na njirimara.
Akwụkwọ ha na-ebipụta ụmụ nnụnụ, Natal Birds nke 1899, [4] webatara ụdị nnụnụ 386 nke Zululand, Colony nke Natal na ọwụwa anyanwụ Cape Colony. Ọ bụ ndepụta mpaghara mbụ maka ndịda Afrịka, ma dekọọ ọnọdụ nke ọtụtụ ụdị. Obere akwụkwọ ahụ bụ ihe a na-achọsi ike maka onye nchịkọta, mana ọ bụ maka mmasị akụkọ ihe mere eme ya.[4] Site ná mgbalị ụmụnna, e chebere nchịkọta mbụ nke G. Hutchinson, a mụbakwara mmasị ná nchekwa nchekwa mpaghara.[2] A makwaara ha site n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ozi, yana isiokwu ndị e dere maka The Natal Mercury, Ibis na magazin akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị ọzọ.
Ndị a na-amaghị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A maghị ebe e liri ụmụnne ahụ, a chọpụtabeghị akwụkwọ ha bụ Wanderings in America. Site n'ihe ndekọ ụfọdụ, mmiri riri otu n'ime ụmụnne ahụ n'Osimiri Tugela.
Edensibịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Beolens (2003). Whose Bird? Men and women commemorated in the common names of birds. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 0-7136-6647-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Beyers (December 1981). Suid Afrikaanse Biografiese Woordeboek, Vol. 4. Human Sciences Research Council, 837–838. ISBN 978-0-409-09184-7.
- ↑ Clinning (1989). South African Bird Names Explained. South African Ornithological Society. ISBN 0-620-14140-9.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Clancey (December 1975). "A One-time Mecca for Ornithologists". Natalia 5: 29–35. Retrieved on 23 December 2013.