Adaptogen
Adaptogens ma ọ bụ ihe adaptogenic na-eji ọgwụ herbal eme ihe maka nkwụsi ike nke usoro physiological na nkwalite nke homeostasis.[1][2] A naghị anabata echiche nke adaptogen na sayensị bụ isi, anabataghịkwa ya dị ka okwu ahịa na European Union ma ọ bụ United States.
Echiche na enweghị nnabata
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Okwu ahụ bụ "adaptogen" na-ezo aka na osisi ndị na-adịghị egbu egbu ma ọ bụ ihe ndị a na-emepụta na-eme ka ọ na-ebelata nchekasị ma na-akwado ọdịmma zuru oke mgbe ejiri ya.[1] Otú ọ dị, nkọwa nke adaptogen bụ nke a na-edoghị anya na enweghị ezigbo akaebe sayensị, na-eme ka ọ ghara ikwe omume ikpebi ihe kpọmkwem na-eme ka ihe dị ka adaptogen.[2]
A naghị anabata echiche nke mmetụta adaptogenic na ntọala ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nke ahụike, a naghịkwa akwado ya maka ahịa na European Union ma ọ bụ United States.[2][3] Site na 2020 ruo 2023, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) nyere ọtụtụ Akwụkwọ ozi ịdọ aka ná ntị nye ndị na-emepụta Ihe mgbakwunye nri na-eme ka iwu na-akwadoghị, nkwupụta ahụike na-akparaghị ókè maka ngwaahịa ndị a na-ere iji nwee adaptogen.[3] Dị ka ihe atụ na 2020, FDA nyere akwụkwọ ozi ịdọ aka ná ntị nye onye na-emepụta ihe mgbakwunye mushroom nke a na-ekwu na ọ nwere adaptogens nwere mmetụta dị iche iche nke ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa, na-ekwu ete ngwaahịa ndị dị otú ahụ "a naghị amata dị ka ndị dị nchebe ma dị irè maka ojiji ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, ya mere, ngwaahịa ndị a bụ "ọgwụ ọhụrụ" n'okpuru ngalaba 201 (p) nke FD & C Act [21 USC 321 (p) ].[4]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Okwu ahụ bụ "adaptogens" bụ nke onye Soviet toxicologist Nikolai Lazarev chepụtara na 1947 iji kọwaa ihe ndị nwere ike ime ka ha ghara iguzogide nrụgide.[5][6] E mechara jiri okwu ahụ bụ "adaptogenesis" mee ihe na Soviet Union iji kọwaa ọgwụgwọ ndị e chere na ha ga-eme ka ihe ndị dị ndụ na-eguzogide nrụgide nke ihe ndị dị ndụ'ime ala.[7] A na-eme ọtụtụ n'ime ọmụmụ ihe ndị e mere na adaptogens na Soviet Union, Korea, na China tupu afọ 1980. [citation needed] Ka ọ na-erule 2020, a nabataghị okwu ahụ na ọgwụ, physiological, ma ọ bụ usoro ahụike na European Union. [6]
Ebe e si nweta ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Compounds studied for putative adaptogenic properties are often derived from the following plants:[5]Templeeti:Unreliable source
- Eleutherococcus senticosus
- Oplopanax elatus
- Panax ginseng
- Rhaponticum cartamoides
- Rhodiola rosea
- Schisandra chinensis
- Withania somnifera
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ (August 2023) "Rhodiola rosea as an adaptogen to enhance exercise performance: a review of the literature". British Journal of Nutrition 131 (3): 461–473. DOI:10.1017/S0007114523001988. PMID 37641937.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 (2023) "Harder, better, faster, stronger? Retrospective chart review of adverse events of interactions between adaptogens and antidepressant drugs". Frontiers in Pharmacology 14: 1271776. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2023.1271776. PMID 37829299.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Warning letters (search term: adaptogen). US Food and Drug Administration (3 November 2023). Retrieved on 5 November 2023.
- ↑ Ronald M. Pace (8 December 2020). FDA warning letter to Mushroom Revival, Inc.. Division of Human and Animal Food Operations East, US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on 5 November 2023.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Panossian (2010). "Effects of Adaptogens on the Central Nervous System and the Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Their Stress—Protective Activity". Pharmaceuticals 3 (1): 188–224. DOI:10.3390/ph3010188. PMID 27713248.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Reflection Paper on the Adaptogenic Concept. European Medicines Agency, Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (8 May 2008). Retrieved on 26 October 2020.
- ↑ Brekhman (1969). "New Substances of Plant Origin which Increase Nonspecific Resistance". Annual Review of Pharmacology 9: 419–430. DOI:10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223. PMID 4892434.