Agnes Baldwin Alexander
Agnes Baldwin Alexander (1875-1971) bụ onye America odee nke okwukwe Bahá'í..
Ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Agnes Baldwin Alexander mụrụ na July 21, 1875 na Alaeze nke Hawaii. Ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ nke William DeWitt Alexander na Abigail Charlotte Alexander, nwa nwoke Baldwin. Miss Alexander bụ onye otu ezinụlọ abụọ a ma ama na Hawaii - Alexanders na Baldwins. Abụ m otu n'ime ndị isi nke Hawaii, dị ka onye isi oche nke kọleji Oahu, onye dere A Brief History of the Hawaiian People, na onye nyocha mbụ nke Islands Islands..
Alexander gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Oahu College na 1895, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Oberlin College of U.C. Berkeley. [1] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ dara ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala. N'afọ 1900, ọ bụ onye Island mbụ gara Europe. Mgbe ọ nọ na Rom n’ọnwa Nọvemba afọ ahụ, ọ hụrụ otu nwaanyị Bahá’ị bi n’Amerịka na ụmụ ya ndị nwaanyị abụọ na-abịa eleta Bahá’ís nke Ala Hấm, ha kwurịtakwara banyere okwukwe. N'ihi ihe omisi n'otu dhiji, nke ọ kọwara na "ọ bụghị nrọ ma ọ bụ ọhụụ", ọ nabatara Mkpughe Bahá'ị wee kpọọ ya ka ọ bụrụ ozi ọhụrụ nye mmadụ dịka Bahá'u'lláh kpugheere..[1]
N'ihi arịrịọ otu nwoke Bahá'u'lláh, 'Abdu'l-Baha, bụ́ onye malitere okwukwe Bahá'í, Miss Alexander malitere okwukwe Bahá'i na Japan na 1914. N'afọ 1921, ọ ghọrọ Bahá'í mbụ na-ede blọgụ na Ozi Quma nke Korea. E wezụga ogologo oge ezumike na Hawaii, Agnes nọrọ ihe karịrị afọ atọ na Japan.
Alexander bụ onye mbụ kwadoro Esperanto ma jiri ya dị ka asụsụ ọhụrụ nke ụwa..[2]
N'afọ 1957, Bahá'lláh Shoghi Effendi, bụ́ onyeisi okpukpe Bahá'í, họpụtara Agnes Alexander ka ọ bụrụ onye kasị elu nke Bahá'í nwere ike ijide. N'afọ 1964, Alexander họpụtara Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke Universal, òtù kachasị elu nke okwukwe Bahá'í, maka nhoputa nke Mgbakọ Ime Mmụọ nke Hawaii mbụ na Honolulu. Mgbe Agnes Alexander nwetasịrị ọkpụkpụ gbajiri agbaji na 1965 ma nọrọ afọ abụọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ Tokyo, Agnes Alexander laghachiri n'ebe a mụrụ ya na Honolulu na 1967. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, o biri na Arcadia ruo afọ anọ gara aga.dị nso na ebe a mụrụ ya na Punahou Street.
Na Jenụwarị 1, 1971, Alexander nwụrụ. E liri ya n'azụ Kawaiahao Church n'etiti ndị nna ya bụ ndị ozi ala ọzọ.[3]
Osisi ezinụlọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Agnes Alexander nwere ọtụtụ njikọ gụnyere: Amos Starr Cooke, David Dwight Baldwin, William Owen Smith, Samuel T. Alexander, Henry P. Baldwin, Annie Montague Alexander. Nna nna m bụ William P. Alexander nye Mary Ann McKinney, na nne nne m bụ Dwight Baldwin nye Charlotte Fowler..
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Tupu ọ kwaga mba ọzọ, Miss Alexander nwere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ a ma ama na Honolulu. N'afọ 1912, o bipụtara akwụkwọ nri ya nke akpọrọ "How To Use Hawaiian Fruit".[4]
Na arịrịọ nke Shoghi Effendi, Agnes Alexander dere akụkọ ihe mere eme abụọ: "Ncheta nke ndụ Bahá"í na Hawaiian Islands: Afọ Iri anọ nke ihe kpatara Bahá" na Hawaii, 1902-1942" [5] na "Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okwukwe Bahá'í na Japan, 1914-1938".[6] E bipụtara mpịakọta abụọ a mgbe ọ nwụsịrị.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Okpukpe Bahá'í na Japan
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Alexander (June 23, 1958). Thomas Linard:An account of how I became a Baha'i and my stays in Paris in 1901 and 1937. Michigan State University website. Archived from the original on 2011-07-20.
- ↑ Alexander (October 1917). "The New Education—A Universal Language". The Friend LXXV (10): 228.
- ↑ The Bahá'í Faith in Hawaii: Agnes Baldwin Alexander.
- ↑ Alexander (1999). How To Use Hawaiian Fruit. ISBN 978-0912180533.
- ↑ Alexander. Personal Recollections of a Bahá'í Life in the Hawaiian Islands: Forty Years of the Baháʼí Cause in Hawaii, 1902-1942, revised, 1974, Honolulu, HI, USA: The National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the Hawaiian Islands.
- ↑ Alexander (1977). in Barbara Sims: History of the Baháʼí Faith in Japan, 1914-1938. Osaka, Japan: Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Sims (1989). Traces That Remain: A Pictorial History of the Early Days of the Baháʼí Faith Among the Japanese. Osaka, Japan: Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
- Sims (1992). Japan Will Turn Ablaze! Tablets of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, Letters of Shoghi Effendi and the Universal House of Justice, and Historical Notes About Japan, Revised, Osaka, Japan: Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
- Sims (1994). Selected Communications from the Universal House of Justice Concerning the North East Asia Area Including Japan. Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo: Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
- Sims (1998). Unfurling the Divine Flag in Tokyo: An Early Baháʼí History. Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. ISBN 4-938975-06-8.
- Troxel, Duane K. (1984) "Agnes Baldwin Alexander" na Notable Women of Hawaii, Barbara Bennett Peterson (ed.). Honolulu, HI, USA. Mahadum nke Hawaii Press.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Agnes Alexander na Find-a-Grave.com