Asụsụ Adnyamathanha
Asụsụ Adnyamathanha (nke a na-akpọ /ˈɑːdnjəmʌ testemunə/), nke a makwaara dị ka Yura ngarwala n'ala Kuyani, nke a makwaaro dị ka Guyani na ụdị ndị ọzọ, bụ asụsụ Aboriginal abụọ nwere njikọ chiri anya n' mba Australia. Ha bụ asụsụ ọdịnala nke Adnyamathanha na ndị Kuyani, nke Flinders Ranges na ndịda anyanwụ nke Flindres n'otu n'otu, na South Australia.
Ka ọ na-erule ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Australia nke afọ 2016, e nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ Adnyamathanha 140, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ asụsụ dị n'ihe ize ndụ; ọ dịghị ndị na-ekwu Kuyani edere kemgbe afo 1975. E bipụtara Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu asụsụ abụọ mbụ nke asụsụ ahụ na o'nwa Nọvemba n'afo 2020.
Aha witchetty grub sitere na Adnyamathanha.
Aha
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Amala asụsụ a site n'ọtụtụ aha na ụdị dị iche iche nke aha, gụnyere:
- Adnyamathanha, Adynyamathanha, Adjnjamathanha, Atynyamat̪an̪a, Adnjamathanha. Adnyamathana, Anyamathana, Ad'n'amadana, Anjimatana, Anjiwatana, Unyamootha
- Wailpi, Wailbi, Waljbi, Wipie, aha otu olumba
- Archualda
- Benbakanjamata
- Binbarnja
- Gadjnjamada, Kanjimata, Keydnjmarda
- Jandali
- Mardala
- Nimalda
- Nuralda
- Umbertana
- Yura ngarwala
Yura ngarwala bụ okwu a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka asụsụ Adnyamathanha. Ọ sụgharịrị ya n'ụzọ nkịtị ka ọ bụrụ 'nke mmadụ na asu'. Otú ọ dị, n'oge a yura putara 'Adnyamathanha person' kama ịbụ 'mmadụ' n'ozuzu ya, ya mere okwu a sụgharịrị 'onye na-asụ Adnyamathanha'.
A na-asụkwa Guyani Kijani, Kuyani, Kwiani.
Nchịkọta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ ezie na R. M. W. Dixon kewara Adnyamathanha na Guyani dị ka otu asụsụ, Ethnologue, Glottolog na AIATSIS na-emeso ha dị ka asụsụ dị iche iche, L10: Adnyamathamha na L9: Kuyani.
Ndị ọkà okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Atụmatụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ Adnyamathanha dịgasị iche, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ asụsụ dị oke egwu. Dị ka Oates si kwuo n' afo(1973) e nwere naanị ndị ọkà okwu iri ato, ihe dị ka iri abuo dị ka Schmidt si kwuo n'afo 1990, otu nari na iri abuo na asaa na ọnụ ọgụgụ mba Australia nke afọ 1996, na ihe dị ka otu nari na iri ano gụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ afọ 2016.
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Adjnjamathanha na Guyani nwere otu ndepụta ụdaume.
Mkpụrụedemede
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| N'ihu | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|
| Elu | i iː | u uː |
| Ala Dị Ala | a aː | |
Mkpụrụ okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'imi na akụkụ bụ allophonically prestopped.
| Mpaghara | Akụkụ dị iche iche | Apical | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Velar | Palatal | Ezé ezé | Alveolar | Retroflex | Mkpịsị aka | ||
| Plosive | enweghị olu | p | k | c | t̪ | t | ʈ | (ʔ) |
| kwuru okwu | (ɖ ) | |||||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | kwuru okwu | (v) | ||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m ~ bm | ŋ | ɲ ~ ɟɲ | n̪ ~ d̪n̪ | n ~ dn | ɳ ~ ɖɳ | ||
| N'akụkụ | ʎ ~ ɟʎ | l̪ ~ d̪l̪ | l ~ dl | ɭ ~ ɖɭ | ||||
| Flap | ɾ | ɽ | ||||||
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | r | |||||||
| Ihe atụ | w | j | ɻ | |||||
[v] nwere ike ịbụ allophone nke /p/.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ ezie na Guyani nwere njikọ chiri anya na-ejigide nkwụsị okwu mmalite, Adnyamathanha enweela nkwụsịtụ usoro na ọnọdụ a. Onye bụbu *p aghọwo [v], onye bụbu *t̪ na ikekwe *c aghọwo /j/, na onye bụbu*k apụọla kpamkpam.
Asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Adnyamathanha nwere usoro dị mgbagwoju anya nke nnọchiaha onwe onye. E nwere ụzọ iri dị iche iche isi kwuo "anyị na m" (Onye mbụ abụọ), dabere na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti onye na-ekwu okwu na onye na-edetara.
Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ (2020)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ Bernhard Schebeck gara mpaghara Nepabunna n'afọ 1970, wee dee An Adnyamathanha-English Research Dictionary n'afọ 2000, nke bụ "maka onwe, ma ọ bụ n'ime, iji naanị - ọ bụghị maka mbipụta". Dorothy Tunbridge, onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ si Canberra na onye dere Flinders Ranges Dreaming [1] gara ebe ahụ na 1980s. Ha abụọ nyere aka nke ukwuu na ihe ọmụma nke asụsụ ahụ, mana ọ dịghị nke edere okwu niile ndị na-asụ asụsụ obodo maara.[2]
N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2020, e bipụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Adnyamathanha / Bekee nke mbụ, ya na nsụgharị site na asụsụ ọ bụla. N'ịbụ nke Terrence Coulthard na nwunye ya Josephine chịkọtara, akwụkwọ ntuziaka ọdịbendị na asụsụ nke dị peeji 400 [3] gụnyere nkọwa nke omume ọdịbendị, abụ (muda), Usoro ikwu Adnyamathanha na Akụkọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. [4] Terrence, onye na-ekwu okwu Adnyamathanha, anọwo na-anakọta ozi gbasara ọdịbendị na asụsụ ruo afọ iri ano, na-ewulite na ọrụ mbụ nke Schebeck na Tunbridge.[2] Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na ndị ọzọ si na Mahadum Adelaide's Mobile Language Team nyeere di na nwunye ahụ aka imecha ọrụ na akwụkwọ ahụ n'ime ọnwa iri na iteoolu ruo afọ abụọ tupu mbipụta.[4][2]
Ndị Coulthards na-elekọta Iga Warta, ụlọ ọrụ Njem ọdịnala, nke dị nso na Nepabunna na Gammon Ranges, ebe ọrụ ebe Terrence tolitere.[2] Iga Warta pụtara "oroma ala", nke onye Bekee na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu bụ John Lindley kpọrọ Capparis mitchelii. [5][6][7]
Okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- "Witchetty grub": Okwu witchetty sitere na okwu Adynyamathanha witjuri, [8] site na wityu, nke pụtara 'osisi nkò' na vartu, nke pụtara "ogwu". Dị ka omenala si dị, ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe ka ụmụ nwoke na-egwu maka ha. Witchetty grubs na-egosi dị ka Dreamings n'ọtụtụ ihe osise ndị Aboriginal. [citation needed]
- muda - abụ
Ihe edeturu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Templeeti:Pama–Nyungan languages
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Dixon (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-47378-1.
- Schebeck (1974). Texts on the social system of the Atʸnʸamat̪an̪a people, with grammatical notes. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Bibliography of Adnyamathanha resources E debere Wayback Machine, na Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander StudiesỤlọ Ọrụ Australia nke Aboriginal na Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ↑ Austlit (18 February 2011). Dorothy Tunbridge. AustLit. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Skujins (9 November 2020). The first Adnyamathanha dictionary, 40 years in the making. CityMag. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Coulthard (2020). Adnyamathanha: A Culture Guide and Language Book. Iga Warta. ISBN 978-0-646-82427-7. Retrieved on 15 November 2020.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Adnyamathanha Dictionary Launched in Adelaide. Mobile Language Team (6 November 2020). Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Iga Warta: The Place of the Native Orange. Iga Warta. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Clarke (2008). Aboriginal Plant Collectors: Botanists and Australian Aboriginal People in the Nineteenth Century. Rosenberg Pub.. ISBN 978-1-877058-68-4. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Plants Used by the Adnjamathanha. Australian Plants Society. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Bock (11 Nov 2018). Witchetty grubs. The Australian Museum. Retrieved on 12 November 2020.