Asụsụ Adzera

 

Adzera (a na-asụkwa Atzera, Azera, Atsera, Acira ) bụ asụsụ Austronesia nke ihe dị ka puku mmadụ iri atọ na-asụ na mpaghara Morobe, Papua New Guinea .

Olumba

Holzknecht (1989) depụtara olumba Adzera isii.

• Yinye olumba etiti : 9,950 ndị ọkà okwu
• Olumba Amari : 5,350 ndị na-ekwu okwu
• Olumba Ngarowapum : 1,200 ọkà okwu
• Olumba Yaros : 2,200 ọkà okwu
• Olumba Guruf/Ngariawang : 1,550 ndị na-ekwu okwu
• Olumba Tsumanggorun : 400 ọkà okwu

A na-asụ Sukurum n'obodo nta ndị dị na Sukurum (

A na-asụ Sarasira n'ime obodo ndị dị na Sarasira (

Consonants

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Ihu imi		m	n		ŋ
Kwụsị	enweghị olu	p	t	tʃ	k	ʔ
	prenasal vl.	ᵐp	ⁿt	ⁿtʃ	ᵑk	ᵑʔ
	kwuputara	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
	prenasal vd.			ⁿdʒ
Nke na-ese okwu		f	s			h
Odika		w		j
Rhotic			r

h occurs in only one word: the interjection hai "yes".

N'asụsụ Amari, palato-alveolar affricates /tʃ, ⁿtʃ/ na dʒ, ⁿdʒ a na-anụ dị ka naanị ụda alveolar [ts, ⁿts] na [dz, ⁿdz] .

Consonants ndị a na-ebute ụzọ na-enwekarị ike ịkwụsị ịmụ nwa na mbido na mgbe consonants gachara.

/tʃ ⁿtʃ/ are sometimes realized as [ts ⁿts], especially in codas.

Usoro edemede

A a	B b	D d	dz dz	F f	G g	H h	I i	K k	M m	Mp mp	N n	Ndz ndz	Nt nt
ɑ	b	d	dʒ	f	ɡ	h	i	k	m	ᵐp	n	ⁿdʒ	ⁿt
Nt nts	ugh	azụmahịa	Ego	P p	R r	S s	T t	Ts ts	Ị ị	W w	Y y	'
ⁿtʃ	ŋ	ᵑk	ᵑʔ	p	r	s	t	tʃ	u	w	j	ʔ

A na-eji J, o na z n'ụfọdụ okwu ego na aha.

E ji digraph ng dochie leta a n'ọtọkọ 2015.

Ụtọ asụsụ

Negation

Nfehie dị mfe

A na-enweta nhụsianya dị mfe na Adzera site na okwu imaʔ 'mba'. Enwere ike iji okwu a n'onwe ya zaghachi ajụjụ, ma ọ bụ jikọta ya na ahịrịokwu na-adịghị mma. Ọmụmaatụ:   Asụsụ Amari nke Adzera ka e ji mara maka iji namu maka 'no' ebe olumba Adzera ndị ọzọ ga-eji imaʔ. otu o sila dị, n'Amari, enwere ike iji okwu abụọ a were ngbanwe.

Mgbaghara nke akpaokwu aha

Ụdị adịghị mma dị n'elu nwere ike iji mee ihe n'ahịrịokwu na-esote aha iji gbanwee ya. Dị ka mamaʔ namu ' Enweghị ụmụaka'. Nke a nwekwara ike metụta okwu aha ahaziri ahazi, dị ka iyam da ifab ' nkịta na ezi' ebe iyam da ifab namu ga-apụta na enweghị nkịta na ezi.

Mgbaghara nke akpaokwu ngwaa

A na-eme ọtụtụ mkpesa site na nkebiokwu ngwaa . Maka ọnọdụ izugbe, nkwubi okwu na-enweta site na mbido ngwaa anuŋʔ- Na ihe nhọrọ negation particle u na njedebe nke ahịrịokwu. Ọmụmaatụ:   Otú ọ dị, maka ngwaa ndị dị n'ụdị dị mkpa ma ọ bụ ndị mbụ, nke na-ewere prefix wa- ma ọ bụ n'otu n'otu, nke na-adịghị mma na-enweta site n'iji ụdị ọjọọ dochie prefixes ha dị iche iche nke na-esote na njedebe nke ahịrịokwu ahụ site na maʔ mkpanyere.  

Ngbaghara ngwaa ahaziri ahazi

Mgbe ngwaa ma ọ bụ nkebiokwu abụọ na-adịghị mma jikọtara ya na da 'na' ngwaa nke mbụ na-ewere prefix ọjọọ anuŋʔ-, na ihe ọjọọ u na-abịa na njedebe nke ahịrịokwu ahụ dum.  

Negation na ihe ga-eme n'ọdịnihu

Mgbe ị na-agbagha ahịrịokwu n'ọdịniihu, a na-eji prefix prefix dochie ihe nrịbama nke ga-adị n'ọdịnihu . Akara oge ọ bụla n'ọdịnihu ka dị. Enwekwara mmasị n'ịmepụta ahịrịokwu ndị na-adịghị mma n'ọdịnihu na ngwa ngwa saŋʔ 'nwere ike, zuru ezu' n'ihu ngwaa bụ isi nke ahịrịokwu ahụ, na-egosi enweghị mmasị n'ikwu okwu ọjọọ banyere ọdịnihu. Ọmụmaatụ:   Mgbe ị na-ahazi ahịrịokwu abụọ nke ogologo oge n'ọdịnihu, nkebiokwu ngwaa nke mbụ na-eji ezi okwu dochie prefix ga-eme n'ọdịnihu, mana okwu ngwaa niile na-esote na-ejigide akara akara n'ọdịnihu ha.

Ndepụta nke ndebiri

lee Ndepụta nke Mbibiri glossing .

N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta mbiri nke grammatical ejiri n'ime akụkọ a dum:

Mbiri nke grammatical
NEG	Ihe ọjọọ
1SG	Onye otu 1st
EZIOKWU	Realis
PTCP	nsonye
2SG	Onye nke Abụọ Otu
COMP	Nke zuru oke
IMP	Dị mkpa