Asụsụ Alyutor
Alyutor ma ọ bụ Alutor bụ asụsụ Russia nke sitere na ngalaba Chukotkan nke asụsụ Chukotko-Kamchatkan, nke ndị Alyutors . Ọ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ naanị ndị na-ekwu okwu 25 ka akọọrọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Russia 2010 .
Ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Alutor bụ ụmụ amaala bi n'ebe ugwu nke Kamchatka Peninsula . Asụsụ ahụ edeghị ya ma ọlị; N'afọ ndị 1970, ndị bi n'obodo ukwu Alutor nke Vyvenka na-erubeghị afọ 25 amaghị asụsụ ahụ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụlọ akwụkwọ obodo Vyvenka amalitela ịkụzi asụsụ ahụ. Ruo n'afọ 1958, a na-ewere asụsụ ahụ dị ka "obodo" (dị ka) olumba nke asụsụ Koryak, ma ọ bụghị ihe mgbagwoju anya na ụdị Koryak nke omenala na-akwagharị. Aha njirimara [ˈnəməlʔən] pụtara "onye obodo".
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Alyutor nwere ụdaume isii, ise n'ime ha nwere ike ịdị ogologo ma ọ bụ mkpụmkpụ. The schwa /ə/ enweghị ike ịdị ogologo.
| N'ihu | Central | Azu | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechie | i iː | u uː | |
| N'etiti | eeː | ə | o oː |
| Mepee | a aː |
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Enwere consonants 18 na Alyutor. [1]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvula | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | palatalized | |||||||
| Ihu imi | m | n | nʲ | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | p | t | k | q | ʔ | |||
| Nke na-ese okwu | v | s | ɣ | ʕ | ||||
| Odika | w | l | lʲ | j | ||||
| Trill | r | |||||||
Nchegbu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Nchegbu na-adabakarị na syllable nke abụọ nke okwu polysyllabic, yana n'ime mkpụrụokwu nke mbụ nke okwu dissyllabic, dịka:
Ọnụọgụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Alyutor nwere ọnụọgụgụ dị mfe maka ọnụọgụgụ nke mbụ ruo ise, iri na iri abụọ. Ọnụọgụ ndị ọzọ niile bụ mkpokọta dabere na ọnụọgụgụ ndị a.
| ịnnan | otu |
| ikpe | abuo |
| zọ gị qq | atọ |
| zọr a qq | anọ |
| malləŋin | ise |
| nannam (in) | isii (otu na ise) |
| mmuo (in) | asaa (abụọ na ise) |
| agụmrịll (in) | asatọ (atọ na ise) |
| agụmrịll (in) | itoolu (anọ na ise) |
| mənɣətkin | iri |
| mənkatək nnan | iri na otu |
| dị egwu | iri abụọ (a akara) |
| qịlik ịnnan | iri abụọ na otu |
| ŋəraqmənɣətkin | iri anọ (iri anọ) |
| ŋəraqmənɣətkin ŋəraqqə | iri anọ na anọ |
| ŋitaqməlləŋin mənɣətkin | iri asaa (iri asaa) |
| mənɣətək mənɣətkin | narị iri (iri iri) |
Ngwaa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Enwere ngwaa nwere oke (njikọ) na enweghị oke. Enwere ọtụtụ conjugations.
Njikọta mmadụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ngwaa na-enweghị njedebe na-ekwenye na mmadụ na ọnụọgụ na arụmụka nuklia ha; nkwekọrịta bụ site na ma prefixes na suffixes. Ngwaa ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe na-ekwenye na arụmụka abụọ ahụ (ergative na asolutive), ebe ngwaa ndị na-atụgharị uche na-ekwenye na arụmụka naanị ha (absolutive).
Ngwaa na-akọwapụta akụkụ abụọ, nke zuru oke, nke na-adịghị ahụkebe, na nke na-ezughị okè, na-eji suffix -tkə / -tkəni . Enwere ọnọdụ ise, egosi, mkpa, nhọrọ, ikike (nke sekọmfix akara ta…(ŋ) ), na njikọ (njikere ʔ-/a- ).
Mkpakọrịta mmadụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ngwaa otu onye gụnyere njikọ abụọ, otu nwere otu onye nke atọ na ɣa-... -lin, na nke ọzọ na n-... - qin .
Njikọ na-abụghị nke onwe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Maka ụdị njikọta nke na-abụghị nke mmadụ gụnyere okwu ọnụ (nke e ji sekọpfix a...ka) na mkpa (nke sekọmfix ɣa...a/ta mere). Ụdị na-enweghị ngwụcha Ụdị na-abụghị nke onwe gụnyere okwu ọnụ na sekọmfix a…ka, na ihe dị mkpa na ɣa…a/ta.
Ụdị na-enweghị njedebe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndị a na-agụnye infinitive, azụ azụ, gerunds, na participles.
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]suffixes inflectional. Ihe nrịbama ikpe na-ejikọta naanị na akụkụ ikpeazụ nke nkebiokwu aha, belụsọ na nnọchiaha ere akara ngosipụta dị, mgbe ahụ okwu ọ bụla n'ime nkebiokwu ahụ na-ew
- ↑ Nagayama (2003). Ocherk grammatiki aljutorskogo jazyka. Osaka: Osaka Gakuin University..
Akwụkwọ akụkọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Kibrik, AE, SV Kodzasov, IA Murav'eva. 2000. Jazyk na fol'klor aljutorcev. Moscow: IMLI RAN Nasledie. ISBN 5-9208-0035-6
- Nagayama, Yukari. 2003. Ocherk grammatiki aljutorskogo jazyka ( ELPR Publication Series A2-038). Osaka: Mahadum Osaka Gakuin .