Asụsụ Baiso
| Baiso | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Ethiopia | |
| Region: | in region of Lake Abaya | |
| Total speakers: | Templeeti:Sigfig | |
| Language family: | Tafrusyawit Cushitic Lowland East Omo-Tana Baiso | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | —
| |
| ISO 639-3: | bsw
| |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Baiso ma ọ bụ Bayso bụ asụsụ Cushitic Lowland East nke otu obere Omo–Tana, a na-asụkwa ya na Etiopia, na mpaghara gburugburu Ọdọ Abaya .
Aha ọzọ maka Baiso bụ Giddicho, aha ya bụ agwaetiti dị n'Ọdọ Mmiri Abaya, na Alkali.
Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị Baiso si kwuo, Giddicho bụ aha ndị Guji Oromo, bụ ndị agbata obi ha nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya nyere ndị Baiso. Okwu Baiso maka Giddicho doro anya bụ maman .
Ebe ndị Baiso bụ agbụrụ pere mpe na Etiopia, asụsụ ha nọ n'ihe egwu. Taa, e nwere n'etiti 3500 [1] na 5 000 ndị na-asụ asụsụ obodo Baiso. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-ebelata. Ihe dị ka 95% nke Baiso na-asụ ọtụtụ asụsụ n'opekata mpe, asụsụ anọ, Amharic kacha ama ama, nke bụkwa asụsụ ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Baiso na-eto eto taa na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ụbọchị ha niile. [2]
Naanị n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-emegharị usoro ederede nke mkpụrụedemede Latịn ka ọ bụrụ asụsụ Baiso. N'ihi ya, o nwebeghị ọdịnala agụmagụ ọ bụla, edebeghịkwa ya nke ọma.
Nkesa ala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndị Baiso abịala ogologo oge n'ikpeazụ rute ebe obibi ha ugbu a. Ha sitere na Jijiga, isi obodo mpaghara Somali dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Etiopia, nke na-akọwakwa mmekọrịta chiri anya dị n'etiti Baiso na asụsụ Somali.
Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ha kwagara Dire Dawa, wee gawa Gobba na Bale, na n'ikpeazụ na Giddicho, ebe obibi ha ugbu a. Giddicho bụ agwaetiti dị na nnukwu ọdọ mmiri Abaya na a na-asụ Baiso n'ime obodo abụọ dị n'ebe ahụ, ya bụ Baiso na Shigima. Taa, ndị Baiso bikwa n'agwaetiti Golmaka, n'ime obodo Waajjifo na Shink'ik'k'o nke dị n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ, yana na mpaghara Alge, nke dị na mpaghara Mi'rab Abaya.
Nkesa ala a na-ekewakwa ndị Baiso ụzọ iri na ise dị iche iche, nke bụ ndị a: Achele, Achegele, Baallaa, Bayso, Dabboottee, Dakartee, Dhaantuu, Fagoo, Gondoo, Golmakaa, Maman kabarraak'as, Maman kat'ee, Mulmalee, Shigima na Warjii. Imekọ ihe ọnụ na ọbụbụenyi na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'etiti ezinụlọ dị iche iche. Agbanyeghị, ọ ka edobeghị ma enwere ọdịiche dị n'okwuokwu ma ọ bụ ụda ụda na Baiso nke agbụrụ dị iche iche na-asụ.
Baiso nwere njikọ chiri anya na Rendille na olumba ndị Somalia nke mpaghara Juba Upper Digil na Mee. [3] Ha na-ekerịta ọtụtụ atụmatụ phonological na morphological, dị ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okike na ọnụ ọgụgụ ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ. [3]
Mmetụta asụsụ na asụsụ Baiso
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe kacha pụta ìhè bụ akara asụsụ Somali fọdụrụ na Baiso. Baiso abụghị naanị na ya na Somali na-ekekọrịta ụtọasụsụ ụtọ mana mmadụ na-ahụ nke ọma mmetụta ndị Somalia na lexis Baiso. Karịsịa isi okwu na ọtụtụ n'ime ha morphological atụmatụ na-akọrọ. [3]
Ọzọkwa, e nwere Oromo, asụsụ Kushitic a kasị asụ, nke metụtaworo Baiso ruo taa. Oromo emetụtala okwu Baiso yana ọdịdị ọdịdị ọdịdị ya, dịka ntụgharị okwu. [3]
Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ihe gbasara nchịkọta ụdaume, ọtụtụ asụsụ Kushitic nwere usoro ụdaume nke nwere okwu ise. N'ebe a, Baiso na-ekerịta myirịta ọzọ na asụsụ ndị metụtara ya. N'ihi ya, o nwere ụdaume ise dị mkpụmkpụ na ụdaume ogologo ise dị iche, dị ka a pụrụ ịhụ na tebụl dị n'okpuru.
| N'ihu | Central | Azu | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elu / Mechie | i, iː | u, uː | |
| N'etiti | e, eː | o, oː | |
| Dị ala / mepere emepe | a, aː |
Ogologo ụdaume na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na Baiso dịka ọ na-akọwapụta nke ọma otu okwu na nke ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ebe okwu ken pụtara 'ise' n'asụsụ bekee, iji /e:/ dochie ụdaume /e/ na-atụgharị ya ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu ihe pụtara 'hapụ!'.
Okwu Baiso enwebeghị ihe karịrị ụdaume abụọ yiri ibe ha. Ọzọkwa, a na-ewere usoro nke ụdaume abụọ yiri ya ka otu nkeji, ya mere, a naghị ekewa ha n'ime nkeji okwu abụọ.
Njirimara nke suprasegmental
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ihe gbasara nrụgide okwu, ọ bụrụ na okwu Baiso nwere mkpụrụokwu abụọ, a na-emesi ike na syllable nke mbụ ya ma ọ bụrụhaala na mkpụrụokwu nke abụọ enweghị ụdaume ogologo ma ọ bụ nke dị arọ.
Ahịrịokwu dị mfe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Usoro usoro okwu Baiso bụ isi bụ SOV. Otú ọ dị, usoro okwu a na-agbanwe n'ụzọ ụfọdụ.
N'ịkọ akụkọ ma ọ bụ mkparịta ụka nkịtị dịka ọmụmaatụ, isiokwu a na-ewerekarị ọnọdụ ikpeazụ nke ahịrịokwu.
Nkebiokwu metụtara
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Baiso ikwu nkebiokwu na-ewebata site na ka-, ta-, na o-, ndị a na-aga n'ihu na ngwaa na nkebiokwu ikwu.
Nkejiokwu ikwu nwere ike ime ma n'isi mmalite nke ahịrịokwu, ya mere tupu nkebi ahịrịokwu, ma ọ bụ ọ na-apụta n'etiti isiokwu na predicate nke nkebi ahịrịokwu. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-edobekwa ya n'etiti isiokwu na ihe ma ọ bụ n'etiti ihe na predicate nke isi okwu. A naghị ahụ ya na njedebe nke ahịrịokwu. [2]
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]n'ebe ahụ, ya bụ Baiso na Shigima. Taa, ndị Baiso bikwa n'agwaetiti Golmaka, n'ime obodo Waajjifo na Shink'ik'k'o nke dị n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanN'ebe a, Baiso na-ekerịta myirịta ọzọ na asụsụ ndị metụtara ya. N'ihi ya, o nwere ụdaumewụ nke ọdọ mmiri
- ↑ Savà (2012). "A few notes on the documentation of Bayso (Cushitic) and Haro (Omotic): fieldwork organisation and data collection." Rassegna di Studi Etiopici, 2012, Nuova Serie, Vol. 4 (47) (2012), pp. 153-170..
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Haberland (1988). Ibaaddo ka-Ba'iso: Culture and Language of the Ba'iso. Carl Winter Universitätsverlag. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
Ọgụgụ ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Brenzinger, Matthias. 1999. Ndị "ndị agwaetiti" nke Ọdọ Abaya na Lake Ch'amo: Harro, Ganjule, Gats'ame na Bayso . Akụkọ nyocha SIL Electronic. 36p.
- Corbett, Greville G. na Hayward, Richard J. 1987. Gender na nọmba na Bayso . Asụsụ 73. 1-28.
- Epple, Susanne. 2016. Ndị Bayso nke Gidiccho Island, Southern Ethiopia: Ihe osise ethnographic . Nwada 62pp.
- Harold C. Fleming, "Baiso na Rendille: Somali Outliers", Rassegna di Studi Etiopici, 20 (1964), p. 35–96.
- Hayward, Richard J. 1978, 1979. Bayso legharịrị: ụfọdụ nchọpụta asụsụ mbido. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Oriental na Ọmụmụ Africa 41, 42. 539–570, 103–132.
- Lemmi Kebebew Gnarie. 2018. Nkọwa ụtọ asụsụ na akwụkwọ nke Bayso. (Nka mmụta doctoral, Mahadum Addis Ababa; 283pp.)