Asụsụ Bantawa

Bantawa ; Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value).
:	Bantawa language.svg
Spoken in:	Nepal, and Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong in India
Total speakers:	Templeeti:Sigfig
Language family:	Sino-Tibetan; Tibeto-Burman; Mahakiranti (?); Kiranti; Central; Southern; BantawaTempleeti:Infobox Language/scriptTempleeti:Infobox Language/official
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	—
ISO 639-3:	wly — Waling Templeeti:Infobox Language/

Asụsụ Bantawa (a na-akpọkwa ya dị ka An Yüng, Bantaba, Bantawa Dum, Bantawa Yong, Bantawa Yüng, Bontawa, Kirawa Yüng), bụ asụsụ Kiranti na-asụ n'ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Himalayan nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Nepal site n'aka agbụrụ Kirati Bantawa. Ha na-eji usoro mkpụrụedemede syllabic mara dị ka Kirat Rai . N'etiti ndị Khambu ma ọ bụ Rai nke Eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Darjeeling na Kalimpong na India, Bantawa bụ asụsụ a na-asụkarị. ^[1] Dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ mba 2001 siri dị, opekata mpe 1.63% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Nepal na-asụ Bantawa. Ihe dị ka 370,000 na-asụ asụsụ Bantawa na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nepal (2001). Ọ bụ ezie na Bantawa so na ụdị asụsụ Bantawa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe, ọ dabara n'ụdị asụsụ 100,000 dị n'ihe egwu. ^[2] Ọ na-enwe mgbanwe asụsụ na Nepali, ọkachasị na mpaghara ugwu. ^[3]

A na-asụ Bantawa n'usoro isiokwu-ihe-ngwaa, na enweghị akara aha ma ọ bụ okike. ^[4]

Olumba

Ọtụtụ n'ime ezinụlọ Bantawa bi ugbu a na Bhojpur, Dharan, Illam, na Dhankuta. Ọnụọgụ na-adịbeghị anya gosiri na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bi na Dharan. A na-asụ Bantawa na mpaghara ndị a na Nepal ( Ethnologue ).

Mpaghara No. 1 : Mpaghara Bhojpur, Mpaghara Dhankuta, Mpaghara Ilam, Mpaghara Jhapa, Mpaghara Khotang, Mpaghara Morang, Mpaghara Okhaldhunga, Mpaghara Panchthar, Mpaghara Sunsari, Mpaghara Taplejung na Udayapur District
Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong nke India

Olumba dị ka ndị a ( Ethnologue ).

Northern Bantawa (Dilpali)

Olumba ndị ugwu: Mangpahang, Raipachha, Awaichha, Rungchenbung na Yangma

Ndịda Bantawa (Chewali, Okhreli, Hatuwali, Hangkhim)

Southern na Northern Bantawa, nke yiri ya, enwere ike ijikọ ọnụ dị ka 'Intermediate Bantawa'.

Eastern Bantawa (Dhankuta)

Olumba ọwụwa anyanwụ bụ nke kacha dị iche. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Dungmali, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nwere njikọ na asụsụ Puma, asụsụ Sampang na asụsụ Chhintange .

Western Bantawa (Amchoke, Amchauke)

Olumba Amchaucke: Sorung, Saharaja, Lulam, na Sukita

Wana Bantawa (nke a na-akpọkwa Bantawa), nke ndị obere Bantawa na-asụ. A na-asụ olumba Amchoke na mpaghara Limbu, ọkachasị na mpaghara Ilam.

A na-ahụtakwa Bantawa dị ka ezinụlọ kacha elu na ezinụlọ Kiranti. A kọkwara na a na-eji Bantawa eme ihe dị ka asụsụ asụsụ n'etiti ndị obere Rai na Himalayan Sikkim, Darjeeling Kalimpong Na India na Bhutan . Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-ewebata asụsụ ahụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ole na ole na ọkwa mbụ (Afọ 1 - Afọ 5) ^[5] site na iji edemede Devanagari . ^[6] ^[7]

Asụsụ Waling na-apụ apụ nke agbanyere na njedebe narị afọ nke 19 nwere ike ịbụ ụdị Bantawa dị iche iche, ma ọ bụ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị olumba Hatuwali ndị Waling na-asụ taa.

Asụsụ Bantawa

Bantawa	IPA	Nepali	English
Sewa सेवा	sewä	नमस्ते	Good Morning/Afternoon/Evening,
Kok कोक	kok	भात	Food, Rice
Khan खान	kʰän	तरकारी	Curry
Münachi मनाचि	mɨnätsi	मानिसहरू	People
Diwa दिवा	diwä	बाजे	Grandfather
Dima दिमा	dimä	बजू	Grandmother
Papa पापा	päpä	बुबा	Father
Mama मामा	mämä	आमा	Mother
Nana नाना	nänä	दिदी	Elder-sister
Nichhama निछामा	nitsʰmä	बहिनी	Little-Sister
Dewa देवा	dewä	ठूलो बुबा	Uncle elder to dad
Dema देमा	demä	बडी आमा	Aunt Elder to Dad/ Dad's elder sister-in-law
Baŋa बाङा	bäŋä	काका	Uncle younger to Dad
Chhɨna छ़ना	tsʰɨnä	काकी	Younger uncle wife
Büwa ब़वा	bɨwä	दाजु	Elder Brother
Nichha निछा	nit͡sʰä	भाइ	Younger Brother
Nichha'o Chhachi निछा:ओ छाची	nitsʰäʔo tsʰätsi	भाइबहिनीका छोराछोरी	Brothers' or sisters' children
Aachhuwa, chhuwa आछुवा, छुवा	ätsʰuwa tsʰuwa	मामा	Mother's younger Brother
Phekwa फेकवा	pek-wa	पैसा	Money
Teet तित	tit	लुगा	Cloths
Cha'wa चा:वा	t͡säʔwä	पानी	Water
Mi मि	mi	आगो	Fire
Thuli थुलि	tʰuli	पिठो	Flour
Sampicha साम्पिचा	sämpit͡sä	कोदो	Millet
Khabat, Wachhon खाबात, वाछोन	kʰäwät wät͡sʰon	जाड	Locally brew wine
Hengmawa हेङमावा	heŋmäwä	रक्सी	Rum/Whisky/Brandy
Sa सा	sä	मासु	Meat
Chhüna छ़ना	t͡sʰɨnä	फुपु	Aunt (Father's sister)
Diwa, Dima दिवा, दिमा	diwä dimä	हजुरबुवा, हजुरआमा	Grandfather, Grandmother
Oyatni ओयात्नी	ohyätni	यहाँ तिर	Here
Moyatni मोयात्नी	moyätni	त्यहाँ तिर	There
Khada खादा	kʰädä	कहाँ	Where
Demni देम्नी	demni	कति	How
Unni उन्नी	unni	यति मात्र	This much
Chama चामा	t͡sämä	खानु	to Eat
Tücha त़चा	tɨ t͡sä	खाने हो?	Do you want to eat?
Kok Tücha? कोक त़चा ?	kok tɨ t͡sä	खाना खाने हो ?	Do you eat rice?
Küng	kɨŋ	दात	teeth
Ütlo	ɨt-lo	नराम्रो, खराब	bad
Munima मुनिमा	munimä	बिरालो	Cat

fonology

Udaume

Ụdaume
	N'ihu	Central	Azu
	na-agbaghị gburugburu		Azu
Mechie	i ᤀᤡ ⟨ इ ⟩	ɨ ~ ə ⟨ ⟩	u ᤀᤢ ⟨ उ ⟩
N'etiti etiti	e ᤀᤣ ⟨ ⟩		o ᤀᤥ ⟨ ⟩
Oghere-etiti			ʌ ⟨ अ ⟩
Mepee		ä ⟨ आ ⟩

ʌ vowel comes in Bantawa due to influence of Nepali language and it is rarely used like in other Tibetan Burmese language.
nowadays some dialect or in region may pronounce /ɨ/ as [ʌ], [u], or [ə].

Ọmụmaatụ: mɨk (anya) akpọ mʌk, pɨ (agwọ) dị ka pʌ .

Consonants

Bantawa consonant phonemes
			Bilabial	Dental	Apico- alveolar	Lamino- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal			Templeeti:IPAlink ᤔ ⟨म⟩		Templeeti:IPAlink ᤏ ⟨न⟩			Templeeti:IPAlink ᤅ ⟨ङ⟩
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	unaspirated	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤐ ⟨प⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤋ ⟨त⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤋ ⟨ट⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤆ ⟨च⟩		Templeeti:IPAlink ᤁ ⟨क⟩	ʔ ᤹ ⟨:⟩
	voiceless	aspirated	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤑ ⟨फ⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤌ ⟨थ⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤌ ⟨ठ⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤇ ⟨छ⟩		Templeeti:IPAlink ᤂ ⟨ख⟩
	voiced	unaspirated	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤒ ⟨ब⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤍ ⟨द⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤍ ⟨ड⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤈ ⟨ज⟩		Templeeti:IPAlink ᤃ ⟨ग⟩
	voiced	aspirated	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤓ ⟨भ⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤎ ⟨ध⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤎ ⟨ढ⟩	Templeeti:IPAlink ᤉ ⟨झ⟩		Templeeti:IPAlink ᤄ ⟨घ⟩
Fricative					Templeeti:IPAlink ᤛ ⟨स⟩				Templeeti:IPAlink ᤜ ⟨ह⟩
Trill					Templeeti:IPAlink ᤖ ⟨र⟩
Lateral					Templeeti:IPAlink ᤗ ⟨ल⟩
Approximant			Templeeti:IPAlink ᤘ ⟨व⟩				Templeeti:IPAlink ᤕ ⟨य⟩

Glotta stop [ ʔ ] bụ otu n'ime consonants nke asụsụ Bantawa nke na-anọchi anya ya site na iji ⟨ : ⟩ .
Consonant eze na Apico-alveolar anaghị eme ihe ọ bụla mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu.
Iji dee asụsụ Bantawa Kirat Sirijunga lipi na Devanagari lipi ka a na-eji na Nepal.

Ntụaka

↑ "Language use among the Bantawa: Homogeneity, education, access, and relative prestige", SIL International, 2013-01-28. Retrieved on 2017-02-10. (in en)
↑ Bantawa: observations of a threatened language. robbie.eugraph.com. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.
↑ "Bantawa", Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.
↑ "Bantawa", Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.
↑ Jadranka Gvozdanovic (2004). Morphosyntactic transparency in Bantawa (.pdf), Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110178418. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.
↑ The Bantawa Rai of Nepal. Archived from the original on 2008-03-05. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.
↑ Bantawa, A language of Nepal. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

Oge oyi, Werner. 2003. Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Bantawa . Ọnọdụ na linguistics - akwụkwọ 20. Mouton de Gruyter: New York.
Doornenbal, Marius. 2009. A Grammar nke Bantawa . Mahadum Leiden PhD Thesis. Usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ LOT: Utrecht.

Njikọ mpụga

[1] "Language use among the Bantawa: Homogeneity, education, access, and relative prestige", SIL International, 2013-01-28. Retrieved on 2017-02-10. (in en)

[2] Bantawa: observations of a threatened language. robbie.eugraph.com. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.

[3] "Bantawa", Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.

[4] "Bantawa", Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2017-02-10.

[unwritten-5] Jadranka Gvozdanovic (2004). Morphosyntactic transparency in Bantawa (.pdf), Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110178418. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.

[Devanagari-6] The Bantawa Rai of Nepal. Archived from the original on 2008-03-05. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.

[language-7] Bantawa, A language of Nepal. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved on 2007-09-12.

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