Asụsụ Chamalal

Chamalal (nke a na-akpọ Camalal ma ọ bụ Chamalin) bụ asụsụ Andic nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Caucasian nke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke a na-asụ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Dagestan, Russia site na ihe dị ka agbụrụ 5,100 Chamalals . O nwere olumba atọ dị iche iche, Gadyri, Gakvari na Gigatl.

Nhazi

Chamalal nwere olumba atọ dị iche iche: Gadyri (Gachitl-Kvankhi), Gakvari (Agvali-Richaganik-Tsumada-Urukh), na Gigatl (Hihatl). Enwekwara olumba abụọ ọzọ: Kwenkhi, Tsumada.

Asụsụ ndị ewepụtara

A na-ahụta Gigatl (Hihatl) na Chamalal kwesịrị ekwesị (ya na olumba Gadyri, Gakvari, Tsumada na Kwenkhi) dị ka asụsụ obodo.

Nkesa ala

Ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ agbụrụ 500 bi n'ime ime obodo asatọ dị na Tsumadinsky District dị n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke osimiri Andi-Koisu na Dagestan Republic na Chechnya Republic. Ndị na-ekwu okwu bụ ndị Alakụba, bụ ndị na-agbaso Sunni Islam kemgbe narị afọ nke 8 ma ọ bụ 9th.

Ọkwa gọọmentị

Enweghị obodo nwere Chamalal dị ka asụsụ gọọmentị.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

A na-asụ Chamalal na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Dagestan, Russia site na ụmụ amaala Chamalals kemgbe narị afọ nke 8 ma ọ bụ 9th. Ndị agbụrụ a dị ihe dịka 5,000, nwere ihe dịka 5,100 ndị na-ekwu okwu. Asụsụ ahụ nwere ọkwa 6b (egwu).

Usoro edemede

Chamalal bụ asụsụ edeghị ede. A na-eji Avar na Russian eme ihe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, a na-ejikwa Avar maka ebumnuche edemede.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ

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• (1996) "Back Matter". Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics 109 (2). 
• Blažek (2002). "The 'beech'-argument — State-of-the-Art". Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics 115 (2): 190–217. 
• Friedman (2005). "Review:The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus, Volume 3: The North East Caucasian Languages, Part 1". The Slavic and East European Journal 49 (3): 537–539. DOI:10.2307/20058337. 
• Greppin (1996). "New Data on the Hurro-Urartian Substratum in Armenian". Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics 109 (1): 40–44. 
• Harris (2009). "Exuberant Exponence in Batsbi". Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 27 (2): 267–303. DOI:10.1007/s11049-009-9070-8. 
• Haspelmath (1996). "Review:The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus, Vol. 4: North East Caucasian Languages, Part 2". Language 72 (1): 126–129. DOI:10.2307/416797. 
• Kolga (1993). The Red book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. 
• Magomedova (2004). "Chamalal", The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus, 3–65. 
• Schulze (2005). "Grammars for East Caucasian". Anthropological Linguistics 47 (3): 321–352. 
• Szczśniak (1963). "A Brief Index of Indigenous Peoples and Languages of Asiatic Russia". Anthropological Linguistics 5 (6): 1–29. 
• Tuite (1998). "A Case of Taboo-Motivated Lexical Replacement in the Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus". Anthropological Linguistics 40 (3): 363–383. 
• Voegelin (1966). "Index of Languages of the World". Anthropological Linguistics 8 (6): i-xiv, 1-222. 

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

• Margus Kolga (1993). The Chamalals. The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.