Asụsụ Gimi
Gimi, makwaara dị ka Labogai, bụ asụsụ Papuan a na-asụ na Eastern Highlands Province na Papua New Guinea . Ndị na-asụ 23,000 (2000 kwuru) na-asụ asụsụ Gimi.
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Gimi nwere ụdaume ise na consonants iri na abụọ . O nwere consonants glottal na -enweghị ụda olu ebe asụsụ ndị emetụtara nwere /k/ na /ɡ/ . Glottal na-enweghị olu bụ naanị nkwụsị zuru oke [ʔ] . Consonant ekwuputara na-eme ụda olu dị ka ebe nkwụsị nke glottal, mana enweghị mmechi zuru oke. N'usoro ụda olu ọ bụ ihe na-ada ụda glottal dị nso [ʔ̞] .
Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| N'ihu | Azu | |
|---|---|---|
| Elu | i | u |
| N'etiti | e | o |
| Dị ala | ɑ | |
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Bilabial | Alveolar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | ʔ̞ | |
| Ihu imi | m | n | ||
| Kpatụ/Kwụsịa | ɾ | |||
| Nke na-ese okwu | voiceless | s | h | |
| voiced | z | |||
Allophony
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]/p/ occurs word initially only in loanwords.
/b/ can surface as either [b] or [β] in free variation.
/z/ becomes [s] before /ɑ/.
/t/ and /ɾ/ tend to fluctuate with one another word initially.
Mkpụrụokwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Usoro mkpụrụokwu bụ (C)V(G), ebe G bụ /ʔ/ ma ọ bụ /ʔ̞/ .
Ụda
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Udaume ikpeazụ nke otu okwu na-ewe ogo ma ọ bụ ụda dara ada . A na-eji olu dị egwu dee ụda dara ada .
| ak "seed" | ák "armband" | ||
| nimi "bird" | nimí "louse" |
Ọkpụkpụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Gimi na-eji mkpụrụedemede Latịn .
| Akwụkwọ ozi | Aa | Bb | Dd | Ee | Gg | Hh | Ii | Kk | Mmm | Nn | Oo | Pp | Rr | Ss | Tt | Ọ | Zz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | ɑ | b | d | e | ʔ̞ | h | i | ʔ | m | n | o | p | ɾ | s | t | u | z |
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]nwere, ma nwee ike igosi isiokwu ma ọ bụ ihe dị na nkebiokwu ngwaa. Usoro