Asụsụ Githabul

Asụsụ Githabul

asụsụ, modern language

Obere ụdị nke	Pama–Nyungan
Mba/obodo	Ostraliya
Ụmụ amaala ka	New South Wales, Queensland
Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue	8b Nearly Extinct

 

 From Wikidata

 

Githabul, makwaara dị ka Galibal, Dinggabal, na Condamine – Upper Clarence Bandjalang, bụ asụsụ Aboriginal Australia nke ndị Githabul bi na South Queensland na North-East New South Wales na-asụ.

Nhọpụta

N'asụsụ Githabul, okwu githabul pụtara 'ndị na-ekwu githa '; githa pụtara 'nke ahụ ziri ezi' na ọ bụ exonym na njedebe maka ndị mmadụ na asụsụ ha.

Githabul specifically refers to the language as spoken around Woodenbong, while the southern variety spoken near Drake was known as Dingabal which means 'those who say dinga', with dinga meaning 'that's right'.

Ụdị ọwụwa anyanwụ nke a na-asụ n'akụkụ Kyogle dị n'akụkụ osimiri Richmond ji okwu ahụ galibal mee ihe nke pụtara 'ndị na-ekwu gali '; gali pụtara 'nke a' ma dị iche na Githabul na Dinggabal nke ji gale .

fonology

Consonants

	Mpụta		Laminal	Apical
	Labial	Velar	Palatal	Alveolar
Plosive	b	ɡ	ɟ	d
imi	m	ŋ	ɲ	n
Rhotic				ɾ
N'akụkụ				l
Odika	w		j

Udaume

	N'ihu	Azu
Mechie	i iː	ị ị
N'etiti	eː
Mepee	a aː

Ụtọ asụsụ

Ngwaa morphology

Ngwaa na-ejikọta ya na iji suffixes. Ọ bụ akụkụ - asụsụ nke na-achị achị, n'adịghị ka ọ na- esi ike dị ka Bekee. Suffixes Githabul na-ejikọtakarị maka akụkụ na ọnọdụ .

Suffixes

A na-etinye suffixes ngwaa n'usoro isii. Ngwaa nwere ike ọ gaghị ewe ihe karịrị otu suffix site n'usoro, yana dịka aha, suffixes na-agbakwunyere n'usoro edobere. Ngwakọta nke suffixes ndị a na-egosipụta njikọ niile nke ngwaa Githabul nwere ike, yana naanị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke njikọta ga-ekwe omume. Ngwaa Githabul na-abụkarị nkeji okwu abụọ n'ogologo ma na-ejedebe na ụdaume mgbe niile.

Iwu

1	2	3	4	5	6
-ba 'akpata'	-ndi 'Gaa mgbe...'	-li 'reflexive/passive'	-ja 'Oge gara aga'	-hn 'akụkụ ezughị okè'	-du 'ọnọdụ omume'
			-wa 'ugboro ugboro'	-hny 'akụkụ dị nso'	-i 'mbu uzo'
			-ma 'akpata'	-h 'dị mkpa'	-de 'preconditional'
				-hla 'akụkụ na-aga n'ihu'
				-nah 'akụkụ antechronous'
				-nyun 'akụkụ synchronous'
				-yah 'nzube'
				-jin 'akụkụ synchronous'
				-n 'kwere'
				-ni 'zuru oke'

Okwu gbasara mọfọlọji

Enwere ike iji mgbakwunye akara ngosi nka iji gosi okike nke aha ha tozuru oke. Githabul nwere otu n'ime sistemu nwoke na nwanyị kachasị ukwuu nke asụsụ Bandjalangic niile.

Suffixes

Suffixes okwu

okike	Suffix
Animate (nwoke)	-gali
Animate (nwanyị) - adịghị ike mma	-gan
Animate (nwanyị) - ike dị mma	-galigan
Animate (nwanyị) - nha	-Nahgan
Arboreal	-Nah*
Neuter	- nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke

* N na-anọchi anya ihu imi nke homorganic.

Ihe ngosi

Githabul nwere usoro ihe ngosi gbagwojuru anya nke na-eme ụzọ atọ, yana usoro nso nso, etiti na anya. Enwere miche ọzọ nke ngosipụta ngosipụta na ngosipụta ọnọdụ. Enwere ike ịdokwa ihe nhazi okwu ka imepụta mkpọaha ngosi. Ntọala adjective nwere ụdị atọ maka "ihe na-ahụ anya", "ihe zoro ezo ma ọ bụ na-adịghị ahụ anya" na "ihe na-adịghị adị ọzọ", ebe ebe edobere nwere ụdị nke na-egosi mpaghara izugbe na mpaghara doro anya, ma ọ dị na anya ma ọ bụ na-adịghị ahụ, na ụdị gara aga na ugbu a.

Ntọala nkọwa

Ngosipụta Adjectives

Ihe ngosi	Proximal (nke a)	Medial (nke ahụ)	Distal (nke ahụ dị n'ebe ahụ)
N'anya (sg)*	gale	male	gile
N'anya (plrl)	gahnyu	mahnyu	gahmu
Ọ bụghị na anya (sg)	gunah	munah	gahba
Ọ bụghị na anya (plrl)	ganyeh	manyeh	gahnye

• Olumba Galibal na-eji ụdị Gali, Mali na Gili.

Enwere ike iji usoro suffixes aha 7 suffix setịpụ a dị n'elu iji mepụta nnochiaha ngosipụta nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka aha nkịtị nọọrọ onwe ya. eg Yanindeh galeni wangahbaya! ' Were nke a na gị!

Ụdị 'not in sight' na 'abụghị ebe a ọzọ' nwere ike were usoro 2 noun suffix -gan mepụta okwu oge. gunahgan ọmụmaatụ 'na nso nso a'.

Ntọala ọnọdụ

Ihe ngosi	Proximal (ebe a)	Medial (ebe ahụ)	Distal (n'ebe ahụ)
N'anya (mpaghara doro anya)	gaji	maji	gah
Na anya (n'ozuzu mpaghara)	gunu	munu	gundeh
Ọ bụghị na anya (ugbu a)	gayu	mayu	guhyu
Ọ bụghị na anya ( gara aga)	gaye	maye	gahye