Asụsụ Iaai
Iaai ( Iaai pronunciation: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA/data' not found. ;bụ asụsụ Ouvéa Island (New Caledonia). Ọ na-ekerịta agwaetiti Ouvéa na Fagauvea, asụsụ ndị Polynesia.
Iaai bụ asụsụ nke isii kachasị na-asụ na New Caledonia, yana ndị na-asụ 4078 dịka nke 2009. A na-akụzi ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na mbọ iji chekwaa ya.
Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ Françoise Ozanne-Rivierre na Anne-Laure Dotte amụla asụsụ a.
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Iaai dị ịrịba ama maka nnukwu ngwa ahịa fọnịm na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọkachasị consonants ya, nwere ọtụtụ imi na-enweghị olu na nso nso.
Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Iaai nwere àgwà ụdaume iri, ha niile nwere ike ịdị ogologo na mkpụmkpụ. Enwere obere ihe dị iche na ịdị mma dabere na ogologo.
| N'ihu | Central | Azu | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agbaghị gburugburu | Gburugburu | Agbaghị gburugburu | Gburugburu | ||
| Mechie | i iː | y yː | u uː | ||
| Mechie etiti | eeː | øøː | ɤɤː | o oː | |
| Mepee etiti | [ œ ] [ œː ] | ɔ ɔː | |||
| Mepee | æ æː | ääː | |||
Iaai bụ otu n'ime okwu ole na ole nke ụdaume gbara okirikiri gbara akaebe na mpụga ebe ha siri ike na Eurasia, ọ bụrụgodị na akọpụtala ikpe ndị ọzọ na ezinụlọ Oceanic.
Udaume /ø øː/ bụ naanị ka a mara na ọ na-eme na okwu isii. N'ime ihe ndị a niile mana /ɲ̊øːk/ "nrara onwe", ọ na-apụta n'etiti labial (b, m) na velar (k, ŋ) consonant.
Mgbe consonants labial na-abụghị labiovelarized na ụdaume /y yː/, ụdaume /ɔ ɔː/ a na-akpọ [œ œː] .
Udaume ndị mepere emepe na-adị iche na gburugburu ole na ole. /æ æː/ na-apụta naanị mgbe consonants labial dị larịị na ụdaume /y yː/, otu gburugburu ebe obibi na-emepụta [œ œː] . /a aː/ anaghị eme mgbe /ɥ ɥ̊ y yː/, ma na-eme n'ebe ọzọ, nke mere na e nwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti /æ æː/ na /a aː/ mgbe /b p m m̥ f/ .
Udaume /i e ø a o u/ a na-eji akwụkwọ ozi IPA ha dee. /y/ e dere û, /æ/ e dere ë, /ɔ/ e dere â, na /ɤ/ e dere ö. Udaume ogologo, nke dị okpukpu abụọ karịa ụdaume mkpirisi, ka edere okpukpu abụọ.
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Iaai nwere oke nkwuputa okwu na-adịghị ahụkebe na sonorant ya, yana ọtụtụ usoro coronal . N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ nke New Caledonia, a naghị ebute nkwusị okwu tupu oge eruo .
| Labial | Denti-<br id="mwww"><br>alveolar | Alveolar | Retroflex | Pre-palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain / palatalized | labiovelarized | ||||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p (pʲ) | t̪ | ʈ (ʈ͡ʂ) | c (c͡ç) | k | |||
| voiced | (b) (bʲ) | bʷ (bˠʷ) | d̪ | ɖ (ɖ͡ʐ) | ɟ (ɟ͡ʝ) | ɡ | |||
| Nasal | voiceless | m̥ (m̥ʲ) | m̥ʷ (m̥ˠʷ) | n̪̊ | ɳ̊ | ɲ̊ | ŋ̊ | ||
| voiced | m (mʲ) | mʷ (mˠʷ) | n̪ | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | ʃ | x | |||
| voiced | ð | ||||||||
| Approximant | voiceless | ɥ̊ (ɸʲ) | ʍ | l̥ | h | ||||
| voiced | ɥ (βʲ) | w | l | ||||||
| Flap | ɽ | ||||||||
N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ nwere nkwụsị denti-alveolar, Iaai /t̪, d̪/ a tọhapụrụ na mberede, na /t̪/ nwere oge mmalite olu dị mkpụmkpụ . Agbanyeghị, apical post-alveolar na laminal palatal na-akwụsị /ʈ, ɖ, c, ɟ/ enweela mwepụta ndị gbawara agbawa [ʈᶳ, ɖᶼ, cᶜ̧, ɟᶨ], na enwere ike kọwa ya nke ọma dị ka ụda n'etiti nkwụsị kwesịrị ekwesị na affricates.
A na-etinye ihe ruru labial na kọlụm ha dị iche iche na-eso omume ụda ha (mmetụta ha na-eso ụdaume), mana enwere ihe akaebe na ndị niile so n'usoro isiokwu a bụ labial-palatal ma ọ bụ labial-velar . /ɥ̊, ɥ/ a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka fricatives adịghị ike [ɸʲ, βʲ] .
N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, okwu ndị nwere ụda olu na enweghị olu nwere njikọ morphological, dị ka /liʈ/ "abali" na /l̥iʈ/ "nwa". /h/ - na ụdaume-mbụ okwu nwere njikọ yiri nke ahụ. Sonorant na-enweghị olu na-egosipụtakarị ntinye ihe . Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ mgbọrọgwụ ndị nwere ụda olu na-enweghị olu enweghị ụda olu.
Labialized labialized bụ ezigbo labio-velarized labial. Enwere ihe akaebe na consonants na-abụghị nke labial dị ka /m/ na -agbaji /pʲ/, /mʲ/, wdg, ma nke a na-ekpuchi anya tupu ụdaume n'ihu. Ọ bụrụ na nke a ga-abụ ọnọdụ ahụ, ọ ga-adị ka asụsụ Micronesia nke na-enweghị akara labials dị larịị.
Ihe ndetu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]o um. Na sēs qēt o um, nana le o ralēt, na tuwegev. No mö tuwegev kal qēt, nana bun kēl
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Dotte, Anne-Laure (2013), Le iaai aujourd'hui. Évolutions sociolinguistiques et linguistiques d'une langue kanak de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Ouvéa, Îles Loyauté) . Usoro doctoral. Mahadum Lumière-Lyon2, Lyon, France. 528 nke.
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- Tryon, Darrell T. Iai ụtọ ụtọ . B-8, xii + 137 ibe. Pacific Linguistics, Mahadum Mba Ọstrelia, 1968. doi : 10.15144/PL-B8
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- (in French) Five stories in Iaai, collected by F. Ozanne-Rivierre, and presented in bilingual format (Pangloss Collection of LACITO-CNRS).
- Presentation of Iaai, including an extensive bibliography.
- Database of audio recordings in Iaai - basic Catholic prayers
- Iaai Grammar at the Internet Archive