Asụsụ Jarai
Jarai (/ dʒəˈraɪ/; Vietnam_language" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vietnamese language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Vietnamese: Cho-Rai, Chor, Chrai, Djarai, Gia-Rai, Gio-Rai, Jorai ma ọ bụ Mthur, Malai bụ Khyo-Mala Jarai nke Vietnam na Cambodia na-asụ. Ndị na-asụ Jarai dị ihe dị ka 530,000, na-agụnyeghị obodo ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ Jarai na mba ndị ọzọ na-ahụ Vietnam na Cambodia dị ka United States of America Ha bụ ndị kasị ukwuu n'ime ihe ndị dị n'elu ugwu nke Central Highlands nke Vietnam nke a maara dị ka Degar ma ọ bụ na Monta2 nke Cambodia..
Asụsụ ahụ dị na mpaghara Chamic nke aha Malayo-Polynes, ya mere ọ nwere njikọ na Asụsụ Cham nke etiti Vietnam..
Ọtụtụ ndị Jarai bikwa na United States, ebe ha kwagara ebe ahụ mgbe Agha Vietnam nchebe.
Asụsụ Jarai bụ nke alaka Chamic nke Malayo-Polynesian. Ọ bụ ebe na a na-ekewapụ ụkpụrụ ya dị ka Asụsụ Mon-Khmer ruo na apụ apụ nke 20, njikọ nke Jarai na-arụ ọrụ Cham Cham na Rade, na njikọ mbara na Malay amatalarị na 1864.
Mgbasa ozi ala na ire okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe dị ka ndị mmadụ 262,800 na-asụ Jarai na Cambodia na Vietnam (Simons, 2017) ebe a na-amata ya dị ka asụsụ pere mpe, n'agbanyeghị na Cambodia o nwebeghị ihe odide nke ya na script Khmer. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ụfọdụ narị narị ndị ọkà okwu Jarai na United States sitere na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Jarai biri na obodo ahụ mgbe Agha Vietnamese gasịrị. Olumba Jarai nwere ike bụrụ nke enweghị nghọta. Đào Huy Quyền (1998)[1] depụtara obere obere olumba Jarai na ebe ha dị iche iche.
A kọwakwara ihe ndị ahụ dị ka nkwụsị preglottalized, mana Jensen (2013) kọwara na mmechi nke glottis na oghere ọnụ na-eme n'otu oge.
Orthography
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na Watch afɔ nke 20, n'oge Indochina French, ndị na-achị ala ahụ webatara usoro ederede maka Jarai dabere na mara Vietnamese. Mgbe Agha Vietnam, ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị na Vietnam jiri orthography nke Bible n'asụsụ Jarai. Ịgụ na ide na Jarai aamụbaala, ma taa akwụkwọ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị na-ekiri ihere maka Jarai Vietnamese.
Orthography na-eji mara 40, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere akara ngosi: akara 21 maka ụfọdụume, na akara 19 maka ọrịaume. N'ahụ ka ụzọ ndị dị ka ndị na-ede Maori, Latvian na nọmba ndị ọzọ, orthography Jarai na- LED diacritics iji gosi àmàume dị, ya bụ, mkpirikpu: ̆ ̆ ŏ ̆ ư̆. Dị ka ọ dị na Vietnamese, a na- akara akara ngosi akara mee ihe na Jarai: a na- waya anya /e o/ dị ndị dị ka ̆ ̆ Ọ. A na-ede /ph th kh/ dị ka digraphs, [1] na /ɲ/ na- kamar anya dị ka ːng. B nke nwere akara ngosi bụ ihe odide iche eji eme ihe maka Jarai na akara ndị yiri ya. button na nke a, a na- macalin hacek na tilde na- anya anya /t͡ʃ/ na /ɲ/, n'otu n'otu:
| 1–10 | Aa | Àă | Ââ | Â̆̆̆ | Bb | Ọdịdị | Čč | Dd | Đđ | Ee | Na-ekwu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | aː | a | ɨ | ɨ | b | b="#mwt91" class="IPA" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA link","href":"./Template:IPA_link"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"ʔ"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAbk" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" typeof="mw:Transclusion">ʔ ~ ɓ | tʃ | d | d-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA link","href":"./Template:IPA_link"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"ʔ"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAcA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" typeof="mw:Transclusion">ʔ ~ ɗ | ɛː | ɛ |
| 11–20 | Ịbụ onye | Ị bụ̆ | Gg | Hh | Nke a | __ibo__ Ọdịdị | Jj | DJ DJ | Kk | Ll | |
| IPA | eː | e | ɡ | h | iː | i | dʒ | ʔ ~ ̊ | k | l | |
| 21–30 | Mm | Nn | Ññ | Ng ng | Oo | Akwụkwọ bụ̣̣̣́ Theo | Oh | Oh̆ô̆ | Ọ bụ n'afọ ole na ole | Ọ bụ afọ ole na ole | |
| IPA | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ɔː | ɔ | oː | o | əː | ə | |
| 31–40 | Pp | Rr | Ss | Atụmatụ | Uu | Ọdịdị | Ihe a na-eme na ya | Ihe a na-akpọ "Econ" | Ww | Yy | |
| IPA | p | ɾ | s | t | uː | u | ɯː | ɯ | w | j |