Asụsụ Kgalagadi
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|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | — | |
| Region: | — | |
| Total speakers: | — | |
| Language family: | Default | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | — | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Kgalagadi bụ asụsụ Bantu a na-asụ na Botswana, n'akụkụ oke ala South Africa . Ihe dị ka mmadụ 40,000 na-asụ ya. N'asụsụ ahụ, a maara ya dị ka Shekgalagari .
Nhazi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Kgalagadi (nke a sụgharịkwara Kgalagari, Kgalagarhi, Kgalagari, Khalagari, Khalakadi, Kxhalaxadi, Qhalaxarzi, Shekgalagadi, Shekgalagari, Kqalaqadi ) nwere njikọ chiri anya na Tswana, na ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e kewara ya dị ka olumba nke Tswana .
Olumba gụnyere Shengologa, Sheshaga, Shebolaongwe, Shelala, Shekhena, Sheritjhauba na Shekgwatheng.
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| N'ihu | Central | Azu | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechie | i | u | |
| N'etiti etiti | e ~ ɪ | o ʊ | |
| Oghere-etiti | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Mepee | a |
- A na-anụkarị ụdaume dị nso n'etiti /e, o/ dị ka ụda dị nso [ɪ, ʊ] n'etiti ndị na-ekwu okwu na mgbanwe n'efu.
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post-<br id="mwZA"><br>alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | lab. | plain | lab. | plain | lab. | |||||||
| Stop | <small id="mwgg">voiceless</small> | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | cʷ | Templeeti:IPAlink | q | |||||
| aspirated | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | cʰ | cʰʷ | Templeeti:IPAlink | qʰ | ||||||
| voiced | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | ||||||||
| Affricate | <small id="mwwQ">voiceless</small> | t͡s | t͡sʷ | Templeeti:IPAlink | t͡ʃʷ | |||||||
| aspirated | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰʷ | t͡ʃʰ | t͡ʃʰʷ | ||||||||
| voiced | (d͡z) | Templeeti:IPAlink | ||||||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | ʃʷ | χ | Templeeti:IPAlink | ||||||
| <small id="mwAQ4">voiced</small> | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | ʒʷ | (ɦ) | ||||||||
| Nasal | Templeeti:IPAlink | (n̪) | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | ŋ | |||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||||||
| Approximant | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | |||||||||
- Pịa ụda /ʘ, ǀ, ǀŋ, ǃŋ/ na-ekwukwa na ọ na-eme, ma ọ na-abụkarị n'ọnọdụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe. [1]
- Trill [r̥] na-enweghị olu nwekwara ike ime n'ụdị ụda olu n'etiti olumba, ma enwere ike ịkpọ ya dị ka iku ume [r̤] n'ọnọdụ mkparịta ụka.
- /r/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka flap [ɾ].
- /n/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka [n̪] na mgbanwe n'efu, ma ọ bụ mgbe nkwụsị eze na-aga n'ihu.
- /qʰ/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka [q͡χʰ] na mgbanwe efu.
- Mkpesa ndị ọzọ [t͡ɬ, t͡ɬʰ] nwere ike ime site na okwu mgbazinye ego. [2]
- Enwere ike ịkpọ ụda /z, ʒ/ na ngbanwe efu dị ka ndị mmekọ [d͡z, d͡ʒ] n'olumba Bolaongwe.
- Enwere ike ịnụ /h/ dị ka a na-ekwupụta [ɦ] mgbe ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ mkparịta ụka. [3]
Ihe ndetu na nrụtụ aka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Solé (2009). More on Post-nasal Devoicing: The Case of Shekgalagari, 299-320.
- ↑ Lukusa (2008). Shekgalagari grammar: A descriptive analysis of the language and its vocabulary. Cape Town: Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society.
- ↑ Dickens (1986). Qhalaxarzi phonology. University of the Witwatersrand.