Asụsụ Laki

Laki Templeeti:Langx
Spoken in:	Iran and Turkey
Region:	Provinces of Hamadan, Ilam, Lorestan and Kermanshah in Iran, and scatteredly elsewhere in Iran and Turkey
Total speakers:	Templeeti:Sigfig
Language family:	Ahendurufi  Indo-Iranian   Iranian    Western Iranian     Northwestern Iranian      Laki
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	—
ISO 639-3:	lki

Laki ( Kurdish Persian ) bụ asụsụ asụsụ nke nwere olumba abụọ; Pish-e Kuh Laki na Posht-e Kuh Laki. [ 3 ] Laki nwere njirimara esemokwu na a na-ewere ya dị ka olumba nke Kurdish ma ọ bụ nke Luri, ma ọ bụ olu mgbanwe n'etiti ha. A na-ewere ya dị ka olumba Kurdish, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ [ 2 ] na-asụkwa ya na mpaghara dị n'etiti Khorramabad na Kermanshah na Iran site n'ihe dị ka 680,000 ndị na-asụ obodo.

Geography

A na-asụ Laki na Iran na Turkey. Na Iran, isogloss nke Laki si na Khorramabad ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Kermanshah, site na Holeylan ruo Harsin . [ 10 ] Ọ bụ isi asụsụ na Selseleh, Delfan, Kuhdasht na Khawa counties na Lorestan Province, [ 11 ] gụnyere Oshtorinan District nke Borujerd County, [ 12 ] na gburugburu Malayer na Nahavand na Hamadan Province . [ 13 ] Na mpaghara Kermanshah, ọ bụ asụsụ bụ isi na Harsin County, Kangavar County, Sahneh County, yana na mpaghara ndịda nke Kermanshah County na Eslamabad-e Gharb County . Enwekwara ogige Laki na Khorasan, Kerman na ihe ruru 100,000 ndị na-ekwu okwu na obodo 70 dị na Kelardasht na Mazandaran. [ 14 ] Na mpaghara Gilan, ihe ruru mmadụ 1,500 na-asụ Laki.

Na Turkey, ndị Şêxbizin na-asụ asụsụ a, gbasasịrị na mba ahụ. [ 16 ]

Nhazi

Nkewa nke Laki dị ka obere olumba nke Southern Kurdish ma ọ bụ dị ka olu nke anọ nke Kurdish adịghị edozi, [ 2 ] mana ọdịiche dị n'etiti Laki na asụsụ Kurdish Southern ndị ọzọ pere mpe. [ 8 ] Otú ọ dị, Fattah ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-arụ ụka na a pụghị ịgụ Laki ka ọ bụrụ olumba nke Southern Kurdish ebe ọ bụ na Laki bụ onye nnọchiteanya ma bụrụkwa asụsụ Kurdish nke anọ. [ 17 ]

Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ ndị ọzọ na-arụ ụka na Laki nwere njikọ chiri anya na Kurdish mana zere ikpebi ọnọdụ ya n'etiti asụsụ Northwwest Iranian . [ 3 ]

Ekewakwala Laki dị ka olumba Luri, mana ndị na-asụ Luri na-ekwu na Laki " siri ike ma ọ bụ enweghị ike ịghọta ". [ 5 ] Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Kurdish dị iche iche, dịka Sorani na Kurmanji, enweghị ike ịghọta ibe ha. Ọkammụta asụsụ Shahsavari rụtụrụ aka na a na-ahụ Laki mgbe ụfọdụ ka 'olumba mgbanwe n'etiti Kurdish na Luri'. [ 18 ]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Akwụkwọ ọnụ

Otu abụọ dị ịrịba ama nke akwụkwọ ọnụ ọnụ Laki bụ akwụkwọ okpukperechi na akwụkwọ gbasara mbara igwe . Otu nke mbụ na-agụnye abụ ọnụ ọnụ Shia na abụ Yarsan, ebe nke abụọ na-enye nkọwa sara mbara ma mara mma nke akụkọ Laki nke ihe omume mbara igwe na nsonaazụ ha, ike nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, izu na akụkọ banyere kpakpando. Otu nke atọ na nke na-adịchaghị mkpa nke akwụkwọ ọnụ ọnụ Laki bụ amaokwu gbasara okike na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. N'akụkọ ifo nke ime obodo, fal gərtən ma ọ bụ 'ịkọ uba' dị ezigbo mkpa. [ 19 ]

Edere akwụkwọ

Peeji nke akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Persian–Laki, nke e dere na 1811 OA.

Iji Laki na-ede edemede bụ ihe ọhụrụ na-adịbeghị anya, ya mere emebebeghị nke ọma. [ 20 ] N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọnọdụ Gorani kwụsịrị iji ya dị ka koiné n'etiti Kurds nke pụtara na ndị ọkà okwu Laki dere uri ha na Gorani. [ 21 ] Ka o sina dị, ụfọdụ ọrụ Laki oge ochie gụnyere quatrain al-shi'r bi-l-fahlawīya (afọ 716 na hijri ) nke echekwara na ihe odide narị afọ nke 14, na Jang-i Hamawan nke bụ ụdị Laki nke Shahnameh nke Ferdowsi na-emegharị n'efu. [ 22 ] Mele Perîşan (1356–1431) dekwara diwan ya na Gorani nke Laki na-emetụta. [ 23 ]

Manzuma kacha mara amara na Laki bụ Darcenge nke Sayid Nushad Abu al-Wafa'i dere, onye otu Sultan Sahak na oge Nader Shah . Darcenge nwere ajụjụ gbasara ihe ndị na-eme n'ụwa nwere azịza ọkaibe. Oge a hụkwara ọtụtụ nsụgharị Laki nke Kalâm-e Saranjâm . [ 24 ]

Na mgbakwunye, enwere ọtụtụ ihe odide akpọrọ Kule bad nke pụtara 'ifufe na-aga n'ihu' gbasasịrị na mpaghara ahụ. Ihe odide ndị a pụtara n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 16 na mmalite narị afọ nke 17 ma ejiri ya gosipụta obi ụtọ na okike na ịrịọ ikuku nke dabara maka ebumnuche ọrụ ugbo. Aha ndị dị mkpa sitere na narị afọ nke 18 ruo 20 gụnyere Najaf Kalhuri (1739–1799), Tirkamir (d. 1815), Yaqub Maydashti, [ 25 ] Mila Manuchichr Kuliwand na Mila Haqq Ali Siyahpush. [ 26 ]

phonology Laki

Ụdị ụda olu Laki yiri nke asụsụ Kurdish ndịda ndịda, nke dị iche na Kurmanji na Sorani site n'inwekwa /øː/, /oː/ na /ʉː/ . [ 27 ]

Ụdaume ụdaume [ 28 ]

	N'ihu		Central	Azu
	na-agbaghị gburugburu	gbara okirikiri		na-agbaghị gburugburu	gbara okirikiri
Mechie	iː		ʉ ɨ		ʊ uː
N'etiti etiti	eː	øː			o oː
Oghere-etiti	ɛ
Mepee	a			ɑː

Ntụle nke cognates

Bekee [ 29 ]	Laki	Asụsụ Kurdish	Khorramabadi Luri
nnu	xnwa	xwee	nmak
mmanụ	rim	runn	reğo
ọkụ	agör	agir	taš
gawa	sî, re	çụ	ra
bia	hewt, okpu	okpu	umu
daa	ket	ket	nke
kwuo	wet, gwo	nwetara	nwetara
agụụ	vörsönî, ngwa	biri	gosna
Ebe a	îre	vir	ičö
Ebe ahụ	uru	wir	ọhụ

Ntụaka

• Baran (2023). Kurdish Grammar: Lekî Reference Book. Kwêyeşt: Amazon publishing. ISBN 979-8396561472. 

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Ọgụgụ ọzọ

• (2013) "پسوندهای فعلی گویش لکی هرسینی" (in fa). Naqd-i Zabān Va Adabīyyāt-i Khārijī 1 (1). ISSN 2008-7330. Retrieved on 26 May 2019. 
• Jacques de Morgan (1904). Études Linguistiques - Dialectes Kurdes - Langues et dialectes du nord de la Perse (in fr). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 3–4. Retrieved on 27 May 2019. 
• Mirdehghan (2010). "Grammatical tense in Laki Nurabadi Dialect: A dichotomous tense structure". International Journal of Language Studies 4 (2). ISSN 2157-4898. Retrieved on 26 May 2019. 
• Sedigheh Moradi (2015). "Laki verbal morphosyntax". Retrieved on 26 May 2019.