Asụsụ Makassar
Asụsụ Makassar bụ otu egwuregwu a na-asụ n'ụdị ndịda mpaghara South Sulawesi, Indonesia, ma ọ bụrụ otu n'ime alaka nke South Sulawesi subgroup na na-ekiri Austronesian.[1][2] Onye a ma ama n'òtù a bụ Makassar, nke nwere ihe egwú nde mmadụ abụọ na-ekwu okwu n'obodo Makassar na mpaghara ndị gbara ya gburugburu..
Ọnọdụ nke akara Makassar ndị ọzọ na-ahụ Makassarese dị ka akara dị iche iche anabata ya n'ụwa niile. Na onye nhazi ndị okenye, [1] ngwaọrụ na igbu ihe ndị na-adịbeghị anya site n'aka ndị ọrụ agha mpaghara, [2] a na-ewere ha dị ka olumba nke ọnwụ Makassarese.
Asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ndị Makassar
- Bentong
- Konjo nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri
- Ugwu Konjo
- Selayar
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe e ji mara asụsụ Makassar bụ ihe omume nke ụdaume nkwughachi nwere eriri na-agwụ na ikpeazụ /r/, /l/ ma ọ bụ /s/. E.g. Aghọtara /botol/ ' karama' dị ka bótolo na Selayar na Coastal Konjo, yana dị ka bótoloʔ na Makassarese na Highland Konjo (nke ikpeazụ na-agbakwụnye nkwụsịtụ glottal na ụdaume ụda olu). A na-atụda ụdaume nkwughachi a ma ọ bụrụ na agbakwunyere suffix, mana ọ na-edobe ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-esochi ya.[1]
| Makassarese | Selayar | |
|---|---|---|
| base | /rantas/ rántasaʔ 'dirty' |
/lambus/ lámbusu 'straight' |
| with suffix | /rantas/ + /-aŋ/ rantás-aŋ 'dirtier' |
/lambus/ + /-aŋ/ lambús-aŋ 'straighter' |
| with enclitic | /rantas/ + /=aʔ/ rántasak=aʔ 'I am dirty' |
/lambus/ + /=a/ lámbusu=a 'I am straight' |
Konj (ma Coastal ma Highland Konjo), Bentong, Selayar na Labbakkang dialect nke Makassarese nwere j /ɟ/ na /h/ ebe Makassarese (Maros, Goa, Takalar, Jeneponto, Bantaeng) nwere y /j/ na /w/. N'okwu ụfọdụ, Coastal/h Konjo na Selayar nwere h sere na efu na Makassarese, dịka Konjo/Selayar Bahine ('nwaanyị'), uhUʔ ('ntutu') vs. Makassarese baine, uʔ.
| Makassarese | Konjo | Selayar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pig | bawi | bahi | bahi |
| time | wattu | hattu | hattu |
| many, much | lowe,Templeeti:Efn-lrTempleeti:Efn-lr (jai) | lohe | lohe |
| rat, mouse | balawoTempleeti:Efn-lr | balaho | balaho |
| wait | tayang | tajang | tajang |
| wood | kayu | kaju | kaju |
| look, find | boya | hoja | boja |
| to make | bayu,Templeeti:Efn-lr (pareʼ) | haju | (buaʼ) |
| Ndị Makassar | Konjo | Selayar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ile anya, chọta | boya | hoja | boja |
| okpomọkụ | bambang | hambang | bambang |
Ọdịiche dị n'okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Ndị Makassar | Konjo nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri | Ugwu Konjo | Selayar | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gowa (Standard) | Jeneponto | Bantaeng | ||||
| ime | appareʼ | aʼbayu | aʼbaju | aʼbaju | aʼbuaʼ | |
| ịnọdụ ala | ammempo | accidong | accidong | ammorong | attolong | |
| agụụ na-agụ | cipuruʼ | paʼre | paʼre | paʼre | paʼre | |
| Ubi osikapa | tana | galung | galung | galung | galung | |
| ọtụtụ, ọtụtụ | jai | loe | lohe | Lohe | lohe | |
| Ihe mere e ji | angngapa | angngura | angngura | anngura | angngura | |
| enyi | agang | urang | urang | Onye na-eme ihe | urang | |
| mmiri | jeʼneʼ | ere | ere | tupu mgbe ahụ | jeʼneʼ | |
| àkwá | bayao | bajao | tannoroʼ | tannoro | ||
| nkịta | kongkong | asu | asu | asu | asu | |
| nwamba | miong | cammiʼ | cammiʼ, meong | meong | meong | |
| akwụkwọ osisi | lekoʼ | raung | raung | raung | taha | |
| ojii | leʼleng | bolong | lotong | etang | ||
| ọcha | keboʼ | pute | Whore | pute | ||
| asatọ | sagantuju | karua | karua | karua | ||
| itoolu | salapang | salapang | salapang | kaʼassa | ||
| akwụkwọ nri | gangang | Ụgwọ e ji akwụ ụgwọ | gangang | gangang | ||
| ụlọ | ballaʼ | ịgba egwú, bọọlụ | bọl | sapo | ||
| ọkụkọ | jangang | jangang | akwụkwọ ntuziaka | jangang | ||
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Asụsụ nke Sulawesi
- Asụsụ ndị Indonesia
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Basri (2012). "The end of the word in Makassar languages", in Borowsky: Prosody Matters: Essays in Honor of Elisabeth Selkirk, Advances in Optimality Theory. Sheffield & Bristol, Conn.: Equinox.