Asụsụ Mawayana
Mawayana (Mahuayana), nke a makwaara dị ka Mapidian (Maopidyán), bụ asụsụ Arawakan na-enweghị isi nke ugwu South America. Mawayana na-asụbu ya ndị bi n'ime agbụrụ Wai-wai na Tiriyó dị na Brazil, Guyana na Suriname . [ 2 ] N'afọ 2015, ndị na-asụ asụsụ abụọ ikpeazụ bi na Kwamalasamutu . [ 6 ] [ 2 ]
Nhazi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Aikhenvald (1999) depụtara Mawayana (na ikekwe Mawakwa dị ka olumba) yana Wapishana n'okpuru alaka Rio Branco (North-Arawak) nke ezinụlọ Arawakan. Carlin (2006:314) kwuru na Mawayana “bụ Wapishana" na dị ka Ramirez (2001:530) ha na-ekere òkè dịkarịa ala 47% nke ha lexicon.
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mawayana nwere, n'etiti consonants ya, implosive abụọ, /ɓ/ na /ɗ/, na ihe akọwara dị ka "retroflex fricativised rhotic", nke nọchiri anya ya na ⟨ rž ⟩, na ọ na-ekerịta Wapishana . Usoro ụdaume nwere ụdaume anọ ( /i-e, a, ɨ, u-o/ ), nke ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ogbo nasalised.
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | plain | t | ʧ | k | ʔ | |
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɗʲ | |||
| Nke na-ese okwu | ʃ | |||||
| Rhotic | ɾ | |||||
| imi | m | n | ||||
| Mmanya | j | w | ||||
Morphosyntax
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mawayana nwere morphology polysynthetic, tumadi akara isi yana ya na suffixes, n'agbanyeghị na enwere mkpọmkpọ okwu. A na-edepụta arụmụka okwu ọnụ na ngwaa ahụ site na suffixes isiokwu na ngwaa intransitive, ebe ndị nnọchite anya prefixes na ihe suffixes na ngwaa transitive. [ 8 ] : 319
Ihe ndetu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]n'agbanyeghị na enwere mkpọmkpọ okwu. A na-
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Aikhenvald (1999). "The Arawak language family", in Aikhenvald: The Amazonian languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 65–106.
- Carlin (2006). "Feeling the need. The borrowing of Cariban functional categories into Mawayana (Arawak)", in Aikhenvald: Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Carlin (2011). "Nested identities in the Southern Guyana-Surinam corner", in Hornborg: Ethnicity in ancient Amazonia: Reconstructing past identities from archaeology, linguistics, and ethnohistory. University Press of Colorado, 225–236.
- Carlin (2002). "The native population: Migration and identities", in Carlin: Atlas of the languages of Suriname. KITLV Press, 11–45.
- Carlin (2013). "Movement through time in the southern Guianas: deconstructing the Amerindian kaleidoscope", in Carlin: In and out of Suriname: Language, mobility, and identity, Caribbean Series. Leiden: Brill.
- Mans (2015). Movement through Time in the Southern Guianas: Deconstructing the Amerindian Kaleidoscope. Leiden: Brill.
- Ramirez (2001). Línguas Arawak da Amazônia setentrional (in Portuguese). Manaus: Universidade Federal do Amazonas.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ikpeazụ nke Mawayana nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Unravel