Asụsụ Mwerlap
Mwerlap bụ asụsụ Oceanic a na-asụ na ndịda agwaetiti Banks na Vanuatu .
Ndị na-ekwu okwu ya dị 1,100 na-ebikarị na Merelava na Merig, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ziri ezi abanyela n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ nke agwaetiti Gaua . [ 2 ] E wezụga nke ahụ, ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu okwu Mwerlap bi n'obodo abụọ nke Vanuatu, Port Vila na Luganville .
Alexandre François amụla asụsụ a, na nso nso a site n'aka Agnès Henri. [ 3 ]
Aha
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asụsụ a bụ aha Mwerlap, aha obodo nke agwaetiti Merelava .
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mwerlap nwere ụdaume ụdaume iri na abụọ. Ndị a gụnyere 9 monophthongs /i ɪ ɛ ʉ ɵ ɞ ʊ ɔ a/, na 3 diphthongs /ɛ͡a ɔ͡ɞ ʊ͡ɵ/ . [ 5 ]
| N'ihu | Central gbara okirikiri |
Azu | Diphthong | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechie | i ⟨ i ⟩ | ʉ ⟨ u ⟩ | |||
| Nso nso | ɪ ⟨ ⟩ | ɵ ⟨ ö ⟩ | ʊ ⟨ ọ ⟩ | ʊ͡ɵ ⟨ ọö ⟩ | |
| Oghere-etiti | ɛ ⟨ ⟩ | ɞ ⟨ ⟩ | ɔ ⟨ ⟩ | ɔ͡ɞ ⟨ oë ⟩ | |
| Mepee | a ⟨ ⟩ | ɛ͡a ⟨ ⟩ | |||
Ụtọ asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Usoro nke nnọchiaha onwe onye dị na Mwerlap na-akọwapụta ọdịiche clusivity, ma na-amata ọnụọgụ atọ (otu, abụọ, ọtụtụ). [ 6 ]
| Otu | Abụọ | Ọtụtụ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | na-agụnye | mba ~ në /nɔ/ ~ /nœ/ | dọrọ /ⁿdʊrʊ/ | gean /ɣɛ͡an/ |
| nanị | kamar /kamar/ | kemem /kɛmɛm/ | ||
| Nke abụọ | neak /nɛ͡ak/ | kamrọ /kamrʊ/ | kemi /kɛmi/ | |
| Nke atọ | (ki)sean /(ki)sɛ͡an/ | kara /karar/ | kear /kɛ͡ar/ | |
Ntụ aka gbasara oghere na Mwerlap dabere na usoro ntụzịaka geocentric ( zuru oke ). Usoro ahụ bụ nke a na-ahụkarị nke asụsụ Oceanic, ma ọ dị ọhụrụ. [ 9 ]
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]olumba Rade. Đoàn (1998) na-enyekwa ndepụtaolumba Rade. Đoàn (1998) na-enyekwa ndepụta
Akwụkwọ akụkọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- François (2005). "Unraveling the history of the vowels of seventeen northern Vanuatu languages". Oceanic Linguistics 44 (2): 443–504. DOI:10.1353/ol.2005.0034.
- François (2011). "Social ecology and language history in the northern Vanuatu linkage: A tale of divergence and convergence". Journal of Historical Linguistics 1 (2): 175–246. DOI:10.1075/jhl.1.2.03fra.
- François (2012). "The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages". International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2012 (214): 85–110. DOI:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022.
- François (2015). "The ins and outs of up and down: Disentangling the nine geocentric space systems of Torres and Banks languages", in Alexandre François: The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics, 137–195. ISBN 978-1-922185-23-5.
- François (2016). "The historical morphology of personal pronouns in northern Vanuatu", in Pozdniakov: Comparatisme et reconstruction : tendances actuelles, Faits de Langues. Bern: Peter Lang, 25–60.
- Henri (2023). "Éléments de description du mwerlap (langue du Nord-Vanuatu)". Lalies 41: 157–221. DOI:10.4000/1232y. Retrieved on 2024-10-12.