Asụsụ Negrito nke Philippines

Ndị Negrito nke Philippines na-asộhụ Philippine dị iche iche. Ha nwere ihe ha na àgwà ndị agbata obi ibe ha, [1] ma depụta ebe a ikike dị ka sie maka ike.

Nchịkọta

A na-achịkọta asụsụ ndị a dabere na ọnọdụ ala ha, ọ bụghị nkewa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.

Lobel (2013) [1] depụtara ndị na-esonụ Black Filipino (ya bụ, Philippine Negrito) ethnolinguistic otus. (Lobel (2010) ) [1] depụtara ndepụta Negrito ndị a na-asụrụ n'afọ oké osimiri mmalite nke Luzon Island, depụtara site n'ebe ugwu ruo n'ebe ndịda. )

Dupaningan Agta (alaka nke North Luzon)
Pahanan Agta
Casiguran Agta
Umiray Dumaget
Remontado/Hatang-Kayi
Inagta Alabat
Manide
Òtù Inagta
Inagta Rinconada

Ọzọkwa, Robinson & Lobel (2013) [1] na-ekwu na Dupaningan Agta, Pahanan Agta, Casiguran Agta, Nagtipunan Agta, Dinapigue Agta, na Paranan echiche nke alaka Northern Cordilleran, kama ọ bụ alaka ọzọ ha na-akpọ Northeast Luzon, nke ha weere dị ka alaka mbụ nke Northern Luzon (Cordilleran).).

Ayta Mag-indi
Ayta Mag-anchi
Ayta Abellen
Ayta Ambala
a.k.a.-linkid="91" href="./Magbeken_Ayta_language" id="mwSA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Magbeken Ayta language">Ayta Bataan (nke a na-akpọ Ayta Magbukun)

Inagta Rinconada
Òtù Inagta
Manide
Inagta Alabat (na Inagta Lopez)

Ugwu Iraya Agta (nke a na-akpọ East Lake Buhi Agta)
Dicamay Agta: a na-asụ ya n'Osimiri Dicamay n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Sierra Madre nso Jones, Isabela; a kọrọ na ndị Ilokano homesteaders kpochapụrụ ya n'oge ụfọdụ n'etiti 1957 na 1974 ^[1]
Obodo Viciosa Agta

Ethnologue na- ike Katabaga nke Catanauan, Quezon, ndịda Luzon. Ọ bụ Garvan depụtara ahụ na mbụ.[1] Katabaga bụ n'ezie ụmụaka na-akụzi ezi nke Katabangan, aha ndị mmadụ na-eji hụrụ onwe ha. Ụfọdụ ndị nọ na mpaghara Bikol na- isiokwu okwu Katabangan na-ezo aka na ekwukọta Agta na mpaghara ahụ. Lobel na-akọ site na mbụ 2006 na Katabangan na-asụ Tagalog. [6] Dị ka Lobel si kwuo (2013), dabere na ọnọdụ ha, ọ bụrụ na Katabangan nwere n'ezie akwụkwọ nke ha, ọ nwere ike ịbụ na ọ nwere njikọ na Inagta Alabat-Lopez (lee Asụsụ Inagta Alabat) na Manide. Louward Allen Zubiri na-akọ na e nwere mmadụ 670 na obodo Katabangan, nakwa na e igwe ndị bi na Mulanay, Gumaca, Lopez, na Alabat. Ọ na-akọkwa okwu okwu ole na ole nke Katabangan na-echeta nke na-enye ihe ọmụmụ maka chiri anya nke aha ha furu efu ugbu a na Manide na Inagta Alabat.^[2]

Reid (1994)

Reid (1994) depụtara asụsụ Negrito ndị a.^[3]

Ebe Ugwu Agta
- Ebe Ugwu Cagayan
- Central Cagayan
- Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Cagayan
- Ndịda Cagayan
- Ndịda Isabela
- Aurora
Arta 12 fọdụrụ na Quirino" id="mwog" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aglipay, Quirino">Aglipay, Quirino, na 1990
Alta
- North Alta - a na-asụ ya na Aurora ProvinceÓgbè Aurora
- South Alta (Kabuluen) - a na-asụ ya na Nueva Ecija na Bulacan Provinces
Central Agta - a na-asụ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Luzon; gụnyere Umiray
South Agta (> Manide)
- Camarines Norte (> Manide)
- Camarines Sud (> Inagta Rinconada, Inagta Partido)
Sinauna (> Remontado/Hatang-Kayi)
Ayta - asụsụ 6 dị iche iche a na-asụ na Ugwu Zambales dị ka Wimbish si kwuo (1986): ^[4]
- Abelen
- Aberlen
- Magganchi
- Maggindi
- Ambala
- Magbeken Ayta

Reid (2013)

Reid (2013) [1] na-ewere egwu Negrito nke Philippines (nke e sere na bold) ka ha kewaa n'ụzọ na-esonụ. Reid (2013) na-ewere ma ọ bụ otu Negrito ọ àlà dị ka nkewa nke mbụ na ngalaba ya, na Inati na Manide-Alabat dị ka obere m nke Malayo-Polynesian..

Malay-Polynesia (MP)
- alaka dị iche iche nke MP na mpụga Philippines
- Bashiic, Kalamianic na alaka ndị ọzọ nke MP na Philippines na-enweghị asụsụ Negrito
- Manide-Alabat
- Inati
- Asụsụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ugwu Luzon
  - Arta
  - Umiray Dumaget (?)
  - Asụsụ ndị dị n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Luzon
  - Asụsụ ndị dị na Ndagwurugwu Cagayan
  - Ilokano
  - Asụsụ Meso-Cordilleran
    - Ebe Ugwu Alta
    - Ndịda Alta
    - Asụsụ ndịda Cordilleran
    - Asụsụ ndị dị na Central Cordilleran
- Asụsụ ndị dị n'etiti Luzon
  - Remontado Dumagat (Sinauna Tagalog)
  - Kapampangan
  - Asụsụ Sambalic
    - Asụsụ Ayta
    - Asụsụ Sambal
- Asụsụ ndị dị n'etiti Philippines
  - Mamanwa
  - Tagalog
  - Ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè
  - Bisayan
  - Mansaka

Lobel (2010) [1] depụtara mgbidi ndị na-esonụ nke ihe ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke iche nke okwu n'ime 1,000 okwu e jiri ya okpukpe n'asụsụ Negrito ndị a, nke Reid (1994) [2] na-atụ aro na ọ bụ ihe ndị ike na okwu site na substrata pre-Austronesian nke ike Negrito ndị ahụ nwere ike sere. Manide na Umiray Dumaget nwere ihe ndị ndọrọ iche n'okwu.

Asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị n'ebe ndị isi egwuregwu Eshia nwere oke okwu nke nwere ike isi na ya iche Asụsụ Enggano nke Indonesia na Asụsụ Kenaboi nke Malaysia..

Reid (1994) ^[3] depụtara ụdị ndị a e wughachiri dị ka ihe ndị na-abụghị nke Austronesian na asụsụ Negrito nke Philippines.

Mba.	Nkọwa	Ụdị e wughachiri	Alaka ndị e dere ede
1.	rattan	*lati	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta
2.	òké	*kuyəŋ	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta, Central Agta
3.	ihere	*aməs	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta, Central Agta
4.	akwara	*litid	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta, Central Agta
5.	olili ozu, n'etiti	*tapuR	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta, Central Agta
6.	ọmịiko, obiọma	*Rəbi	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta, Alta
7.	agwọ	*babak	Alta, Central Agta, Sinauna
8.	akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ	*pələk	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
9.	ịchụ nta	*purab	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
10.	mgbada, buck	*b[ia]dut	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
11.	mbọ mkpịsị aka	*[l]usip	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
12.	penis	*g[ia]ləŋ	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
13.	mgbidi	*g na-agafe	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
14.	nkịta, nkịta	*lapul	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
15.	ọkụ	*dukut	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
16.	ntutu isi, ábụ́bà	*pulug	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Arta
17.	ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ	*ləbut	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta
18.	chefuo	*liksap	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta
19.	nzukọ	kwurịta okwu/kwurịta	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Alta
20.	ihu	*[l]aŋas	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Ebe Ndịda Agta
21.	nzukọ	*kurut	Ebe Ugwu Agta, Ebe Ndịda Agta
22.	ísì ụtọ	*səlub	Arta, Alta
23.	ogwe aka	*sula	Alta, Central Agta
24.	ngwa ngwa	*pariparipari	Alta, Central Agta
25.	mara (s.o.)	*Nwanne nne	Alta, Central Agta
26.	akwụkwọ osisi	*agid	Alta, Central Agta
27.	nwoke, nwoke	* Ọrịa	Alta, Central Agta
28.	lee	*lawi[g]	Alta, Central Agta
29.	mgbidi	*sagbuŋ	Alta, Central Agta
30.	ubu	sugbuŋ/subuŋ (-an)	Alta, South Agta
31.	ịgba ọsọ	*kaldit	Alta, South Agta
32.	Akwụkwọ betel	*li[t]lit	Alta, Ayta
33.	nsụda mmiri	*gərəy	Central Agta, Sinauna
34.	soro	*Nke a na-eme	Ebe Ugwu Alta, Ebe Ndịda Alta
35.	mara	*ənul	Ebe Ugwu Alta, Ebe Ndịda Alta
36.	onye umengwụ	*b[ia]kət	Ebe Ugwu Alta, Ebe Ndịda Alta
37.	ime	*tuyud	Ebe Ugwu Alta, Ebe Ndịda Alta
38.	ụra	*Plted	Ebe Ugwu Alta, Ebe Ndịda Alta
39.	ịdị arọ	*ụmụ ihe	Ebe Ugwu Agta
40.	ọkpụrụkpụ	*bagəl	Ebe Ugwu Agta
41.	ilu	*təkak	Ebe Ugwu Agta
42.	urukurubụba	lullu/lilli	Ebe Ugwu Agta
43.	kpọrọ nkụ n'anyanwụ	*sarun	Ebe Ugwu Agta
44.	nụ	*tima[n, ŋ]	Ebe Ugwu Agta
45.	ịchụ nta	*lagum	Ebe Ugwu Agta
46.	ugwu	* Amugud	Ebe Ugwu Agta
47.	ochie (obj.)	*ligid	Ebe Ugwu Agta
48.	anyanwụ	*Papalak	Ebe Ugwu Agta
49.	ahịhịa ahịhịhịa	*sarik	Ebe Ugwu Agta
50.	tụfuo (n'èzí)	*tugbak	Ebe Ugwu Agta
51.	mbọ mkpịsị aka	lu/[l]udis	Ebe Ugwu Agta
52.	ịgba ọsọ	*Zụta	Ebe Ugwu Agta
53.	nku	*ụmụ anụmanụ	Ebe Ugwu Agta
54.	ịtụba	*b[ia]sag	Ebe Ugwu Agta
55.	nsụda mmiri	* Ihe mgbochi	Ebe Ugwu Agta
56.	ubu	*dapi	Ebe Ugwu Agta
57.	oku	*Dulaị	Ebe Ugwu Agta
58.	Ọsụsọ	*asub	Ebe Ugwu Agta
59.	urukurubụba	lumlum/limlim	Ebe Ugwu Agta
60.	nọdụ ala	*tugkuk	Ebe Ugwu Agta
61.	akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ	*g[ia]mtaŋ	Ebe Ugwu Agta
62.	mamịrị	*nọdụ ala	Ebe Ugwu Agta
63.	ịga ije	*a na-atụle ya	Ebe Ugwu Agta
64.	nụ	*Sanig	Ebe Ugwu Agta
65.	rattan	*karat	Ebe Ugwu Agta
66.	ịgba ọsọ	*Gutuk	Ebe Ugwu Agta
67.	nnu	*b[ia]gəl	Ebe Ugwu Agta
68.	ehihie	(ma-) *lutəp	Arta
69.	na-abịa	*digdigdigdig	Arta
70.	ọkpụkpụ	*dị nsọ	Arta
71.	urukurubụba	*pippun	Arta
72.	ihe ọṅụṅụ	*oge	Arta
73.	ntị	*ibəŋ	Arta
74.	lime	*ŋusu	Arta
75.	nwoke, nwoke	*N'afọ _ N'afọ _	Arta
76.	anwụnta	*buŋur	Arta
77.	agadi (nwoke)	*dupu	Arta
78.	otu	*sipaŋ	Arta
79.	Mmiri ozuzo	*Nke a na-akpọ	Arta
80.	ịgba ọsọ	*gurugud	Arta
81.	kwuo, gwa	*ụmụ nwoke	Arta
82.	ụra	*idəm	Arta
83.	abụọ	* ụbụrụ	Arta
84.	ọkụ	*təmuk	Ebe Ugwu Alta
85.	oku	*ŋuk	Ebe Ugwu Alta
86.	ọdịda	*bəwəl	Ebe Ugwu Alta
87.	ọpụpụ	*əg[ʔk]aŋ	Ebe Ugwu Alta
88.	mkpụrụ osisi	*ian	Ebe Ugwu Alta
89.	nụ	*Tibəŋ	Ebe Ugwu Alta
90.	kụọ, kụọ	*pu[ʔk]na	Ebe Ugwu Alta
91.	dina ala	*Sudaŋ	Ebe Ugwu Alta
92.	igurube	*pəsal	Ebe Ugwu Alta
93.	ogologo oge	*lə[ʔk]aw	Ebe Ugwu Alta
94.	penis	* Jima'i	Ebe Ugwu Alta
95.	put, ebe	*dətun	Ebe Ugwu Alta
96.	uhie	*silit	Ebe Ugwu Alta
97.	ịchọ	*Alyuk	Ebe Ugwu Alta
98.	guzo	*payuŋ	Ebe Ugwu Alta
99.	Chere	*tanud	Ebe Ugwu Alta
100.	ndanda	*il[əu]m	Ndịda Alta
101.	ojii	*lit[əu]b	Ndịda Alta
102.	blow (v.)	*Onye na-ewe	Ndịda Alta
103.	ọkụ	*tiduk	Ndịda Alta
104.	olili ozu, n'etiti	*ụgbụgbọ	Ndịda Alta
105.	urukurubụba	(ma-) *lawak	Ndịda Alta
106.	ogwe aka	*Tụ́lị	Ndịda Alta
107.	oku	*gawi	Ndịda Alta
108.	Carabao	*uduŋ (-an)	Ndịda Alta
109.	ákwá	*Keebi	Ndịda Alta
110.	omimi	*tanaw	Ndịda Alta
111.	ọdịda (v.)	* peeji nke	Ndịda Alta
112.	ọgụ/ọgụ	*itaw	Ndịda Alta
113.	mbọ mkpịsị aka	*lunu	Ndịda Alta
114.	uwe elu	*g[ia]nat	Ndịda Alta
115.	ogologo oge	*təwali	Ndịda Alta
116.	ndị ọzọ (diff.)	*kalad	Ndịda Alta
117.	put, ebe	*bənu	Ndịda Alta
118.	Mmiri ozuzo	*ụmụ ihe	Ndịda Alta
119.	nọdụ ala	* n'etiti	Ndịda Alta
120.	guzo	*ịhụnanya	Ndịda Alta
121.	ọdụ	*Lomboŋ	Ndịda Alta
122.	atọ	*saŋay	Ndịda Alta
123.	osisi, osisi	*lab[ia]t	Ndịda Alta
124.	eziokwu	*kuduR	Ndịda Alta
125.	akụkụ ahụ nwanyị	(i-) *plaŋ	Ndịda Alta
126.	di ya nwụrụ, di ya nwụrụ	(na-) * kwuru	Ndịda Alta
127.	ifufe	*kabu (-an)	Ndịda Alta
128.	ọkpụkpụ	*kaks (-an)	Central Agta
129.	oku	*ulaŋ	Central Agta
130.	ịrịgo	*dawit	Central Agta
131.	Agụ iyi	(maŋ-) *atu	Central Agta
132.	ábụ́bà	*putputput	Central Agta
133.	ntutu isi	*sapuk	Central Agta
134.	ịchụ nta	*Ijikọ	Central Agta
135.	ladle	*lukuy	Central Agta
136.	ogologo oge	*Luy	Central Agta
137.	ee e, ee e	*Eyen	Central Agta
138.	pound	*buntul	Central Agta
139.	Mmiri ozuzo	* Tapuk	Central Agta
140.	ịgba ọsọ	*g[ia]kan	Central Agta
141.	ájá	* n'èzí	Central Agta
142.	nọdụ ala	* Lipa	Central Agta
143.	ụra	*pede	Central Agta
144.	guzo	*[uə]di	Central Agta
145.	Ọsụsọ	aldut/ald[ia]t	Central Agta
146.	akụkụ ahụ nwanyị	* Akpụkpọ ahụ (-an)	Central Agta
147.	mmiri, osimiri	*urat	Central Agta
148.	ọcha	*Lapsay	Central Agta
149.	ọkụ	*adiŋ	Ndịda Agta
150.	anwụnta	*kubuŋ	Ndịda Agta
151.	ubu	*mugmug (-an)	Ndịda Agta
152.	ụra	*lubat	Ndịda Agta
153.	nwa	*ubun	Sinauna
154.	akwụkwọ osisi	*hayin	Sinauna
155.	nọdụ ala	*səna	Sinauna
156.	nkume	*igaŋ	Sinauna
157.	ifufe	*rugus	Sinauna
158.	lee	*ụmụ anụmanụ	Ayta

Reid na-ewere endonym *ʔa (R) ta, nke ụdị 'onye', ka ọ bụrụ okwu Negrito nke e ịhụ gbazite n'asụsụ Austronesian nke ere 'nwoke nwere akpụkpọ ojii'.^[5]

Ihe odide

↑ Headland (2003). "Thirty endangered languages in the Philippines". Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session 47 (1). DOI:10.31356/silwp.vol47.01.
↑ ISO 639-3 Change Request 2019-024.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Reid (1994). "Possible Non-Austronesian Lexical Elements in Philippine Negrito Languages" (in en). Oceanic Linguistics 33 (1): 37–72. DOI:10.2307/3623000. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Reid1994" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Wimbish (1986). "The languages of the Zambales mountains: a Philippine lexicostatistic study". Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session 30: 133–142. DOI:10.31356/silwp.vol30.08.
↑ Reid (2013). "Who Are the Philippine Negritos? Evidence from Language". Human Biology 85 (1).

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

(2005) in Adelaar: The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar. Routledge. ISBN 9780415681537.
Greenhill (2008). Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database.
Greenhill (2008). "The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics". Evolutionary Bioinformatics 4: 271–283. DOI:10.4137/EBO.S893. PMID 19204825.
(2002) in Wouk: The history and typology of western Austronesian voice systems. Australian National University. DOI:10.15144/PL-518. ISBN 0-85883-477-4.

Njikọ mpụga

Templeeti:Languages of the Philippines

[1] Headland (2003). "Thirty endangered languages in the Philippines". Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session 47 (1). DOI:10.31356/silwp.vol47.01.

[2] ISO 639-3 Change Request 2019-024.

[Reid1994-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Reid (1994). "Possible Non-Austronesian Lexical Elements in Philippine Negrito Languages" (in en). Oceanic Linguistics 33 (1): 37–72. DOI:10.2307/3623000. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Reid1994" defined multiple times with different content

[Wimbish-4] Wimbish (1986). "The languages of the Zambales mountains: a Philippine lexicostatistic study". Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session 30: 133–142. DOI:10.31356/silwp.vol30.08.

[Reid2013-5] Reid (2013). "Who Are the Philippine Negritos? Evidence from Language". Human Biology 85 (1).

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