Asụsụ Shuangfeng
Olumba Shuangfeng ( simplified Chinese ) bụ olumba nke Xiang Chinese, nke a na-asụ na mpaghara Shuangfeng, mpaghara Hunan, China .
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| bibial | alveolar | alveolo-palatal | retroflex | velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| plosives | <small id="mwMw">kwuputara</small> | b | d | ɡ | ||
| enweghị olu na-enweghị isi | p | t | k | |||
| enweghị olu chọsiri ike | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
| fricatives | <small id="mwYQ">kwuputara</small> | ɣ | ||||
| <small id="mwbw">enweghị olu</small> | s | ɕ | ʂ | x | ||
| na-akpachapụ anya | <small id="mwfw">kwuputara</small> | dz | dʑ | dʐ | ||
| enweghị olu na-enweghị isi | ts | tɕ | tʂ | |||
| enweghị olu chọsiri ike | tsʰ | tɕʰ | tʂʰ | |||
| mpụta approximans | l | |||||
Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Oral | Nasal | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medial | ∅ | coda | a | e | i | u | n | ŋ | ∅ | i | |
| Nucleus | ∅ | əu | ɒŋ | æ̃ | |||||||
| Vowel | i | ia | ie | iɛn | iɒŋ | ĩ | iĩ | ||||
| y | ya | ye | yɛn | ||||||||
| a | an | ||||||||||
| e | |||||||||||
| o | io | ||||||||||
| ɤ | iɤ | ||||||||||
| ʊ | iʊ | ||||||||||
| u | ua | ue | ui | uan | uĩ | ||||||
| Syllabic | ɹ̩ | n̩ | m̩ | ||||||||
| ɻ̩ | |||||||||||
Ụda
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na ụda olu, olumba Shuangfeng nwere ụda atọ. Otú ọ dị, n'ụda ụda, ụda nke syllable na-adabere n'olu nke consonant mbụ ya mere a na-agụ ụda olu dị ka ise:
| Nọmba ụda | Aha ụda | Contour ụda | Nkọwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˥ (55) | elu |
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ˨˧ (23) | obere ebili |
| 3 | shang sheng (上聲) | ˨˩ (21) | ala |
| 4 | yin qu (陰去) | ˧˥ (35) | elu ịrị elu |
| 5 | yang qu (陽去) | ˧ (33) | etiti |
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Xiang Chinese
- Ndepụta olumba ndị China
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]alaka nke asụsụ dị warara Shuangfeng nwere ụda atọ. Otú ọ dị, n'ụda ụda, ụda nke
- Běijīng dàxué zhōngguó yǔyán wénxué xì yǔyán xué jiàoyanshì. (1989) H ànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì . Běijīng: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè. (北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京:
- Coblin, W. South. (2011). Ntụle ụda olu nke Central Xiāng. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
- Norman, Jerry . [1988] (2002). Chinese . Cambridge, England: CUP
- Wu, Yunji. (2005). Ọmụmụ ihe mmekọrịta na diachronic nke ụtọ asụsụ nke olumba China Xiang . Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-018366-8
- Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (Okwu mmalite maka olumba ndị China). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)