Asụsụ Tai Dón
| Mba/obodo | China, Laos, Vietnam  |
|---|---|
| Usoro ederede | Dai Don, Tai Viet |
| Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue | 6a Vigorous |
Tai Dón ( ꪼꪕ ꪒ꪿ꪮꪙ, /taj˦.dɔn˦˥/ ), makwaara dị ka Tai Khao ma ọ bụ White Tai, bụ asụsụ Tai nke ugwu Vietnam, Laos na China .
Nhazi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ekewapụtara Tai Dón dị ka nke otu asụsụ Tai-Kadai, nke dị na asụsụ Tai na obere asụsụ Southwwest Tai .
Nkesa ala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na China, ndị White Tai (Tai Khaw 傣皓) dị n'ime obodo ndị a nke mpaghara Yunnan, yana ihe dị ka mmadụ 40,000 (Gao 1999).
- Mpaghara Jinping
- Ógbè Malipo麻栗坡县: Nanwenhe Township 南温河乡
- Obodo Maguan马关县: Obodo Dulong 都龙镇
- Obodo Jiangcheng江城县: Obodo Qushui 曲水乡 (n'akụkụ mmiri nke Osimiri Tuka 土卡河)
fonology
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpụrụokwu ọ bụla nwere opekata mpe otu mmalite, otu nucleus na otu ụda . Akụkụ ndị na-esonụ na-egosi consonants, ụdaume, na ụda na Tai Dón.
Consonants
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Consonants mbụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwụsị / Mgbakwunye | kwuputara | b | d | |||
| enweghị olu na-enweghị isi | p | t | t͡ɕ [ a ] | k | ʔ | |
| enweghị olu chọsiri ike | pʰ | tʰ | tɕʰ | kʰ | ||
| imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Nke na-ese okwu | kwuputara | v [ b ] | ||||
| enweghị olu | f | s | x | h | ||
| Odika | l | j [ c ] | ||||
| Phoneme | Example | Phoneme | Example | Phoneme | Example | Phoneme | Example | Phoneme | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /b/ | /bɤn˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "moon" | /d/ | /dɔn˦˥/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "white" | ||||||
| /p/ | /pɔ˦˥˦/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "father" | /t/ | /tu˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "door" | /t͡ɕ/ | /t͡ɕɔn˧˩ʔ/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "spoon" | /k/ | /kaːŋ˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "middle" | /ʔ/ | /ʔaːŋ˦˥/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "basin" |
| /pʰ/ | /pʰaː˨˦ʔ/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "cloth" | /tʰ/ | /tʰiw˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "to whistle" | /t͡ɕʰ/ | /t͡ɕʰaj˦˥/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "egg" | /kʰ/ | /kʰo˨˦ʔ/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "to cook" | ||
| /m/ | /mɯŋ˦˦/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "you" | /n/ | /naː˨˦ʔ/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "face" | /ɲ/ | /ɲuŋ˦˦/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "mosquito" | /ŋ/ | /ŋaːj˦˥˦/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "easy" | ||
| /v/ | /vaːn˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "sweet" | ||||||||
| /f/ | /faː˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "lid" | /s/ | /sɔŋ˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "two" | /x/ | /xaj˨˨/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "tallow" | /h/ | /hɤ˦˥/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "sweat" | ||
| /l/ | /loŋ˦˦/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "dragon" | /j/ | /jɔj˧˩ʔ/ Templeeti:Script/Tai Viet "to drool" |
Enwere ụyọkọ consonant anọ na-eme na mmalite nke syllable.
| ụyọkọ | Ọmụmaatụ |
|---|---|
| kw | /kwaː˦˥˦/ ꪁꪫꪱꫀ "ịleta" |
| kʰw | /kʰwe˦˥/ ꪂꪫꪸꫀ "to igwu" |
| ŋw | /ŋwaː˦˥˦/ ꪉꪫꪱꫀ "fig" |
| xw | /xwan˦˦/ ꪅꪫꪽ "smoke" |
Consonants ikpeazụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwụsị | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| imi | m | n | ŋ | ||
| Odika | w | j | ɰ [ a ] |
Udaume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Tai Dón nwere ụdaume itoolu dị mkpụmkpụ, yana otu ụdaume dị ogologo. Agbanyeghị, ụdaume ndị dị nkenke ka a na-enweta n'ụzọ ụda ogologo oge n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ : 10 (dịka ọmụmaatụ, /e/ bụ ụda ụda [eː] n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ).
| N'ihu | Azu | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| na-agbaghị gburugburu | gbara okirikiri | |||||
| Elu | i | ɯ | u | |||
| N'etiti | e | ɤ | o | |||
| Dị ala | ɛ | a | aː | ọ | ||
Ụda
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Enwere ụda isii na steepụ dị nro (mkpụrụokwu mepere emepe ma ọ bụ nke mechiri emechi na-ejedebe na sonorant ). : 9
| Nkọwa | mkpụrụedemede ụda | Ọmụmaatụ |
|---|---|---|
| larịị, dịtụ ala karịa etiti | 22 (ma ọ bụ ˨˨) | /kaː˨˨/ ꪀꪱ "uku" |
| elu-elu | 45 (ma ọ bụ ˦˥) | /kaː˦˥/ ꪀꪱꫀ "ruo ruo" |
| dị ala, glottalized | 24ʔ (ma ọ bụ ˨˦ʔ) | /kaː˨˦ʔ/ ꪀꪱꫂ "osisi osikapa na-eto eto" |
| larịị, dịtụ elu karịa etiti | 44 (ma ọ bụ ˦˦) | /kaː˦˦/ ꪁꪱ "rapaara" |
| larịị, dịtụ elu karịa etiti nwere ịrị elu na ọdịda | 454 (ma ọ bụ ˦˥˦) | /kaː˦˥˦/ ꪁꪱꫀ "ọnụahịa" |
| na-ada, glottalized | 31 (ma ọ bụ ˧˩ʔ) | /kaː˧˩ʔ/ ꪁꪱꫂ "ịzụ ahịa" |
Abụọ n'ime ụda isii ahụ na-eme n'otu nkeji okwu enyochara (mkpụrụokwu na-ejedebe na nkwụsị ).
| Ụda | Ogologo ụdaume | Ọmụmaatụ |
|---|---|---|
| elu-elu | nkenke | /sat˦˥/ ꪎꪰꪒ "anụmanụ" |
| ogologo | /ʔaːp˦˥/ ꪮꪱꪚ "ịsa ahụ" | |
| larịị, dịtụ elu karịa etiti | nkenke | /mot˦˦/ ꪣꪺꪒ "ant" |
| ogologo | /laːt˦˦/ ꪩꪱꪒ "iji kpuchie" |