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Asụsụ Tuyuhun

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Tuyuhun
Spoken in: Tuyuhun 
Region: Northern China
Total speakers:
Language family: Talṭayt?
 Para-Mongolic?
  Serbi?
   Tuyuhun
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2:
ISO 639-3: none

Tuyun ( Chinese ), nke a makwaara dị ka 'Azha sitere na edemede Tibet, [1] bụ asụsụ na-ekpochapụ n'otu oge ndị Tuyuhun nke ugwu China na-asụ ihe dị ka 500 AD. Ịdị adị nke Tuyuhun, na ya mere asụsụ ha, ka agbapụtara nke mbụ n'ime Akwụkwọ Abụ, nke chịkọtara gburugburu 488 AD. [2]

Alexander Vovin (2015) na-akọwapụta asụsụ Tuyuhun na-apụ apụ dị ka asụsụ Para-Mongolic, nke pụtara na Tuyuhun nwere njikọ na asụsụ Mongol dị ka nwanne nwanyị clade mana esighị ya ozugbo na asụsụ Proto-Mongolic . Asụsụ Khitan bụkwa asụsụ Para-Mongolic . Paul Pelliot (1921) marala Tuyuhun dị ka asụsụ Mongol.

Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ

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Mgbakwunye Tuyuhun: [3]

  • *-čin / *-čiñ [ན་] ( Tibet ochie * ʧin) 'nwere X (nwere)'
  • *-yin / *-yiñ [寅] (northern Early Middle Chinese **yir̃) 'genitive-attributive suffix'

Okwu okwu

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Shimunek (2017) wughachiri ụfọdụ okwu Tuyuhun dịka: [3]

  • 'Second person singular pronoun (爾)': *čʰɪ [處] (northern Early Middle Chinese **tśʰɨ); Vovin (2015) wughachi *čʰo, onye nke abụọ n'otu n'otu, nke ya na Mongolic či . Akwụkwọ ozi dị n'etiti /o/ na /i/ ka agbanyere n'etiti Mongolic na Khitan, cf. Western Middle Mongolic taqiya vs. Khitan t[i].qo.a .
  • 'osimiri (川)': *qɔl [ལ་] ( Tibetan ochie *kʰol) ~ [ལ་] ( Tibetan ochie *kol)
  • 'onye agha (武)': *bu [戊] ( Late Middle Chinese *mbu)
  • 'oke nwanne (兄)': * aqañ [阿干] (northern Early Middle Chinese **ɦakar̃)
  • 'nna (父)' ma ọ bụ 'nnukwu': *maʁa / *amaʁa [莫賀] (northern Early Middle Chinese *magɣa)
  • 'oke': *maʁa [མ་ག] ( Tibetan ochie * maga < Indic)
  • 'emperor, king': *qʰaʁan [ཁ་གན་] ( Old Tibetan *kʰagan) / ** kʰaʁɣar̃ [可寒] ~ [可汗] (northern Early Middle Chinese **kʰaʁɣar̃)
  • 'nwunye (妻) nke khaghan (可汗)': *qʰaʁʦʊn [恪尊] (northern Early Middle Chinese **kʰagʦor̃)

Ntụaka

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na Tuyuhun nwere njikọ na asụsụ Mongol dị

  1. Shimunek (2017). Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: A Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology. DOI:10.2307/j.ctvckq4f7. 
  2. Vovin (December 2015). "Some notes on the Tuyuhun (吐谷渾) language: in the footsteps of Paul Pelliot". Journal of Sino-Western Communications 7 (2). 
  3. 3.0 3.1 Shimunek (2017). Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: a Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology. Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-10855-3. OCLC 993110372.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Shimunek2017" defined multiple times with different content