Asụsụ Uma

 

Uma (nke a na-akpọ Pipikoro ) bụ asụsụ Austronesia a na-asụ na Central na South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

fonology

Consonants

Consonant inventory

		Bilabial	Alveolar	Palato-<br id="mwIg"><br>(alveolar)	Retroflex	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link		Templeeti:IPA link
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link			Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link
	voiced	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link		Templeeti:IPA link
	prenasalized	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link		Templeeti:IPA link
Fricative		Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link				Templeeti:IPA link
Trill			Templeeti:IPA link
Approximant			Templeeti:IPA link	Templeeti:IPA link	(Templeeti:IPA link)

• /h/ acts as a nasal in some respects and causes the nasalization of non-front vowels (e.g., [hampulu'] 'ten'→/haᵐpuluʔ/ with nasal vowels).
• /l/ is realized as retroflex [ɭ] contiguous to non-front vowels.
• /ʔ/ is neutralized word-initially, and is the only consonant that can occur in the coda or word-finally.
• In the Lincio variety of Central Uma, /ⁿtʃ/ is pronounced /ns/.
• The semivowel [j] is rare, found mainly in loan words.
• The affricate /tʃ/ is found only following /n/, i.e., in the prenasalized stop /ⁿtʃ/.

Nhazi nke ụdị Umma

Ethnologue (edemede 17, 2013) matara olumba asaa nke Uma.

• Banana
• Bengaulu (= Bingkolu)
• Kantewu (= Central Uma)
• Aria (= Ndịda Uma)
• Tobaku (= Ompa, Dompa, Western Uma)
• Tolee' (= Eastern Uma)
• Winatu (= Northern Uma)

Martens (2014) ghọtara isi olumba isii nke Uma, na-achọpụta na olumba Tori'untu fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịla n'iyi n'ihi mmechi nke olumba Kantewu na asụsụ ndị na-abụghị nke uma.

• Kantewu (= Central)
• Ndịda
• Tolee'
• Tobaku
• Winatu
• Tori'untu

Martens na-achọpụtakwa olumba abụọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Uma a na-asụ na Pasangkayu Regency .

• Sarudu
• Bengaulu (= Bingkolu)

Ntụaka

na-ejikọta ngwaa ndị a n'ụdị ngwaa ndị ọzọ, na nhazi ngwa