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Asụsụ ndị a ma ama

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Map of the Sulawesi languages with Celebic depicted in red in the cencentrere. Celebic language is spoken a larger area than the other Sulawesi languages
Map nke asụsụ Sulawesi na Celebic gosipụtara na ọbara ọbara (map ahụ dị na German)

Asụsụ Celebic bụ obere m nke Asụsụ Austronesian a na-asụ n'ụdịetiti Indonesia nke Sulawesi, nke a na-akpọbu Celebes.  Ihe ahụ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe niile a na-asụrụ na mpaghara Central Sulawesi na Ndịda Ọwụwa ihe Sulawesi bụ nke otu Celebic.  Asụsụ Celebic ole na ole (aka Wotu, Bonerate) dị na mpaghara South Sulawesi.  Saịtị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ (ma ọ bụghị saịtị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ ya), Celebic bụ obere ihie nnukwu nke Asụsụ Austronesian na Sulawesi.

Ịdị n'ìgwè

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Nchịkọta n'ime

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David Mead (2003a:125) kewara asụsụ Celebic dị ka ndị a: [1][2]   N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Zobel (2020) tụrụ aro na Kaili_languages" id="mwJQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kaili–Pamona languages">Kaili-Pamona na Wolio_languages" id="mwJg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wotu–Wolio languages">Wotu-Wolio mepụtara otu Kaili-Wolio, nke Zobel debere dị ka otu isi nke Celebic. Ọzọkwa, na nhazi Zobel (2020), a na-etinye Kaili-Wolio dị ka nwanne nwanyị na Tominic-Eastern Celebic, nke nwere Mead (2003) Tomini-Tolitoli na Eastern Celebic.[3]

Ọnọdụ n'ime Austronesian

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N'ọnọdụ nyocha ugbu a, a na-ewere asụsụ Celebic dị ka alaka bụ isi nke Malayo-Polynesian subgroup n'ime ezinụlọ asụsụ Austronesian.[4]

Proto-Celebic

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  David Mead (2003a:125) depụtara ụzọ ndị a maka Proto-Celebic na obere m ya.. [1]

  1. Proto-Malayo-Polynesian na Proto-Celebic
    • *C1 > *C2 (C1 ọ bụghị imi)
    • *h > Ø
    • *d > *r
    • *ay, *-ey > *e
    • *-aw, *-ew > *o
    • *j > *y, Ø
  2. Proto-Celebic na Proto-Eastern Celebic
    • *e (schwa) > *o
    • *-iq > *eq
    • antepenultimate *a > *o
  3. Proto-Eastern Celebic ruo Proto-Saluan-Banggai
    • *-awa- > *oa
    • *-b, *-g > *p, *k
    • *q > *ʔ
  4. Proto-Eastern Celebic na Proto-Southeastern Celebian
    • *-w- > Ø
    • *s > *s, *h
    • *Z > *s
    • *ñ > n
    • *b > *b, *w
  5. Proto-Southeast Celebic ruo Proto-B artum-Tolaki
    • *q > *ʔ
    • *w- > *h
    • *ʀ > Ø na mbido na-esote *i
  6. Proto-Southeast Celebic ruo Proto-Muna-Buton
    • *w > Ø
    • mfu ụdaume ikpeazụ (?)

Hụkwa

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  • Asụsụ nke Sulawesi
  • Asụsụ ndịda Sulawesi

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mead (2003a). "Evidence for a Celebic supergroup", in Lynch: Issues in Austronesian historical phonology, Pacific Linguistics 550. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 115-141.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Mead2003a" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ Mead (2003b). "The Saluan-Banggai microgroup of eastern Sulawesi", in Lynch: Issues in Austronesian historical phonology, Pacific Linguistics 550. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 65–86. 
  3. ↑ Zobel (2020). "The Kaili–Wolio Branch of the Celebic Languages". Oceanic Linguistics 59 (1/2): 297-346. DOI:10.1353/ol.2020.0014. 
  4. ↑ Smith (2017). "The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem". Oceanic Linguistics 56 (2). DOI:10.1353/ol.2017.0021. 

Njikọ mpụga

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