Asụsụ ndị a na-akpọ Cerrado
Asụsụ Cerrado (a na-akpọkwa Amazonian Jê [1] : 549 ) bụ alaka nke asụsụ Jê nke asụsụ Goyaz Jê na Akuwẽ (Central Jê) mebere. : 14–5
Ụda na-agbanwe site na Proto-Jê gaa na Proto-Cerrado
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ekwenyere na omume nke consonant */g/ na Proto-Cerrado (dị ka ọ dị na */g/õt 'ịrahụ ụra', */g/õ 'inye', */g/aj' ' ị') bụ ihe ọhụrụ; ekwuru na etinyere ya n'ime mkpụrụokwu na-enweghị mgbakasị ahụ. : 85
Proto-Cerrado diphthongs *wa na *ja kwenye na ha ga na-aga n'ihu Proto-Jê monophthongs, nke e wughachiri dị ka *ô na *ê₂ . Udaume ndị ọzọ ekwuru na ha emeberela na Proto-Cerrado bụ: : 88
- *ô (na-alaghachi na ụdaume a na-edoghị okirikiri, e wugharịrị dị ka Proto-Jê *ə̂₁ );
- *u (mmekọrịta nke mbụ *u₁ na *u₂, nke a ma ama n'asụsụ ndịda Jê dị ka o na u, n'otu n'otu);
- *ũ (mmekọrịta mbụ *ũ₁ na *ũ₂, dị iche dị ka ũ na ỹ na Kaingang na dị ka ũ na õ in Laklãnõ );
- *ə̃ (mmekọrịta nke mbụ *ə̃ na *ỹ, nke a ma ama dị ka ỹ na ĩ na Kaingang na dị ka õ na ẽ na Laklãnõ );
- Udaume niile dị na Proto-Jê unstressed syllables nke shape *pV- bụ ndị a na-ewepụ n'asụsụ Cerrado: Proto-Cerrado *pᵊ- (> Proto-Goyaz Jê *py-/*pu-, Proto-Akuwẽ *pi- ).
Nuclei
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]E wughachiri ngwa ahịa nke Proto-Cerrado monophthongs dị ka ndị a.
| ọnụ | imi | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *m */i/ | * y */ɨ/ | * ị */u/ | * ĩ */ĩ/ | *ỹ */ɨ̃/ | ||
| * ê */e/ | * ə̂ */ɘ/ | * ô */o/ | ||||
| * e */ɛ/ | * na */ɜ/ | * o */ɔ/ | * ẽ */ɛ̃/ | * ə̃ */ɜ̃/ | * õ */ɔ̃/ | |
| * a */a/ | ||||||
Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike wughachi diphthong abụọ, */wa/ na */ja/.
Tebụl na-esonụ na-egosi ntulegharị mbụ nke Proto-Cerrado nuclei na Proto-Goyaz Jê na na Proto-Akuwẽ . Ndị nke ikpeazụ na-egosi mgbanwe ụdaume nke a na-akpọ Akuwẽ/Central Jê vowel shift . : 61 [2] : 164
| Proto-Cerrado | Proto-Goyaz Jê | Proto-Akuwẽ |
|---|---|---|
| *a*/a/ | *a*/a/, *ã */ã/ (tupu *-m' ) |
*a*/a/ |
| * na */ɜ/ | * na */ɜ/ | *e */ɛ/, *ê */e/ (tupu a eze coda) |
| *ə̂ */ɘ/ | *ə̂ */ɘ/ | |
| *y */ɨ/ | *y */ɨ/, * na * / ɜ / (mgbe mmalite velar gasịrị), *ỹ */ɨ̃/ (before *-m' ) |
* na * / na / |
| *o */ɔ/ | *o */ɔ/ | *o */ɔ/ |
| *ô */o/ | *ô */o/ | *u */u/ |
| *u */u/ | *u */u/, *ũ */ũ/ ( tupu *-m' ) | |
| *wa */wa/ | *wa */wa/, *û */u a /, *wə̂ */wɘ/ (na mkpụrụokwu mechiri emechi) |
*wa */wa/ |
| *e */ɛ/ | *e */ɛ/ | * na */e/ |
| * na */e/ | * na */e/ | *i */i/ |
| *i */i/ | *i */i/ | |
| *ja*/ja/ | *jê */je/, *î */i a / | *Aka */ɟa/ |
| *ə̃ */ͻ/ | *ə̃ */ͻ/ | * ị / ́ / |
| *ỹ */ɨ̃/ | *ỹ */ɨ̃/ | |
| *õ */ɔ̃/ | *õ */ɔ̃/ | *õ */ɔ̃/ |
| *Ɛ */ɛ̃/ | *Ɛ */ɛ̃/ | *Ɛ */ɛ̃/ |
| * ĩ */ĩ/ | * ĩ */ĩ/ | * ĩ */ĩ/ |
Codas
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]nke e wughachiri dị ka *ô na *ê₂ . Udaume ndị ọzọ
- ↑ Ribeiro (2010). "Nimuendajú was right: the inclusion of the Jabutí language family in the Macro-Jê stock". International Journal of American Linguistics 76 (4): 517–70.
- ↑ Nikulin (2017). "A phonological reconstruction of Proto-Cerrado (Jê family)". Journal of Language Relationship 15 (3): 147–180. DOI:10.31826/jlr-2018-153-404.