Asụsụ nke Ghana
Ghana bụ mba na-asụrụ ọtụtụ ebe a na-asụrụ ihe dị ka ụbọchị iri elele.[1] N'ime ndị a, Bekee, nke e ketara site n'oge dị iche iche, bụ ike na lingua franca.[2][3] N'ime ndị egwuregwu a na Ghana, Akan bụ ike a na-asụkarị na ndịda.[4] Dagbani, Dagare, Sisaala, Waale, na Gonja so n'ime ndị a na-asụ asụsụ ahụ ugwu nke mba ahụ..
Ghana nwere ihe mmemme iri asaa, nke ọ blọra nwere nke ya.[1] Asụsụ ndị sitere n'otu ụzọ na-isi ndị a na-ọnụ. Asụsụ Dagbanli, Nanumba na Mamprusi nke Northern Region, ịdị nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ma, ha na ọrụ Frafra na Waali nke Upper East na Upper West Regions nke Ghana na-Agha ibe ha.[2] Asụsụ Mole-Dagbani bụ nke ihe ezinụlọ 20 nke ndị bi na ya na-asụ.
Asụsụ iri na otu nwere ọnọdụ nke nhọrọ na-akwado: ahia Akan atọ (Akuapem Twi, Asante Twi na Fante) na Asụsụ Mole-Dagbani abụọ (Dagare na Dagbanli). Ndị ọzọ bụ Ewe, Dangme, Ga, Nzema, Gonja, na Kasem.
N'Ọnọ na-abụ 2019, na-eme Ghana elele 5 ya ime ka French bụrụ otu n'ime egwu nke Ghana n'ihi na mba ndị na-asụ French gbara mba ahụ gburugburu (Burkina Faso ruo n'ókè dị ala, Ivory Coast na Togo) na-eje nke ndị na-ekwu French na mba ahụ.. [1][2]
Asụsụ gọọmentị na-akwado
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Azịzarị ụgwọ na-akwado bụ ma ọ bụ iri na otu ma ọ bụ ndabere, dabere ma a na-ewere Akuapem Twi, Asante Twi, na Fante dị ka otu ahia. Ndị ọrụ Bureau of Ghana Languages na-akwado ha, nke e adi na 1951 ma na-enwe ihe n'asụsụ ndị ahụ; n'oge a na-eji ahia Ghana eme ihe na òtù praịmarị, ndị a bụ abụ ndị e ji mee ihe. Asụsụ ndị a niile bụ nke Ezin ike Niger-Congo, ọ bụ ebe na ha nwere ọtụtụ alaka dị iche iche.
Akan (Fante, Asante Twi na Akuapem Twi)
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Akan, nke Alaka nke nọmba Niger-Congo, bụ akara na-aga n'ihu, [1] mana n'ihe gbasara mgbasa, ọ bụ naanị ole na ole n'ime ọtụtụ ụdị Akan ka a akwụkwọ: Fante, Asante Twi, Akuapem Twi. N'ozuzu ya, Akan bụ akara a na-asụkarị na Ghana.[3]
Ewe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ewe bụ Asụsụ Gbe, nke Alaka Volta-Niger nke mpaghara Niger-Congo. A na-asụ Asụsụ Ewe na Ghana, Togo na Benin na akara nke akara ahụ na West Nigeria.[1] N'ime ọtụtụ olumba nke Ewe a na-asụ na Ghana, ndị isi bụ Anlo, Tongu, Vedome, Gbi, na Krepi..
Dagbani
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Dagbani bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Gur. Ọ bụ ụdị a na-asụkarị na Northern Ghana. Ozi ndị na-asụ ala ahụ ụgbọ nde atọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ a ga-eru nde isii ma ọ bụrụ na ike olumba dị ka Nanumba, Mamprusi na Kamara. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị Agbụrụ Mole-Dagbani buru ibu a na Ghana ma bụrụ ihe dị ka 18.5% nke ndị bi na ya.[1] Ọ bụ ndị Dagombas na-asụ ya na mpaghara ugwu nke Ghana.
Dangme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Dangme bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Ga-Dangme n'ime alaka Kwa. A na-asụ ya na Greater Accra, na ndị na-eme egwuregwu Ghana na Togo.[1] Dangme bụ Kwa nke West Africa nke a na-asụ na Ghana, ọ na-enwetakwa ewu n'etiti ndị bi na Ghana..
Dagare
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Dagare bụ ozi ọzọ nke Gur. A na-asụ ya na mpaghara Upper West nke Ghana. A na-asụkwa ya na Burkina Faso.[1] Waali, nke ndị Wala na-asụrụ, na akara Dagaare bụ egwuregwu ndị na-asụrụ ibe ha nwere ikike ike.[4]
Ga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ga bụ ịhụnanya Ga-Dangme ọzọ dị n'ime alaka Kwa. A na-asụ Ga na ndị na-eme egwuregwu Ghana, n'ime na gburugburu isi obodo Accra. Ọ bụ Niger-Congo na alaka Kwa, nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 600,000 na-asụ na Ghana.[1][2] Obodo isii dị iche iche ndị na-asụ Ga: Accra, Osu, Labadi, Teshi, Nungua, na Tema. Obodo ọ brọ nwere oche dị mkpa na omenala Ga. Accra, n'etiti obodo ndị a, ikpe onye a ma ma na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka isi obodo Ghana.
Nzema
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Nzema bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Bia, nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Akan. Ọ bụ Ndị Nzema na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke Ghana na-asụ ya. A na-asụkwa ya na Ivory Coast. Nzema, nke asụsụ dị ka Appolo, bụ nke a na-asụrụkarị na mpaghara Jomoro nke Ghana na mpaghara Comoé nke Ivory Coast. N'afọ 2004, ọ nwere ihe dị ka ndị ọkà okwu 330,000.[1][2] Asụsụ Nzema na-eji edemede Latin ma nwee ike ịbụ nke abụọ iri na anọ.
Kasem
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Kasem bụ Asụsụ Gurunsi, na alaka Gur. A na-asụ ya na mpaghara Upper Eastern nke Ghana. A na-asụkwa ya na Burkina Faso. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1998, Kasem nwere ihe dị ka ndị ọkà okwu 250,000, nke e kewara n'etiti Ghana (130,000) na Burkina Faso (120,000). A mmasị ya dị ka Kasena, Kasim, Kassem, Kas Niger, ma ọ bụ Kassena.[5][6]
Gonja
[dezie | dezie ebe o si].Gonja bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Guang, bụ nke Asụsụ Tano n'ime alaka Kwa mara Akan na Bia. A na-asụ ya na mpaghara ugwu nke Ghana na Wa. "Gonja" sitere na "Kada Goro-Jaa" na Hausa, nke dị "ala Red Cola." Ghana nwere ihe ụmụaka 285,000 Gonja[7]
Asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na Ghana site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụrụ ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Chaatị a gosipụtara data sitere na Ethnologue.[8]
| Ọnọdụ | Asụsụ | Ndị ọkà okwu |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bekee | 9,800,002 |
| 2 | Akan (Fante/Twi) | 9,100,000 |
| 3 | Ghanaian Pidgin English | 5,000,000 |
| 4 | Asụsụ Ewe nke Ɛve gụnyere Aŋlo, Tottŋu, Vɛdomɛ, Gbi, Krepi, na ndị ọzọ) | 3,820,000 |
| 5 | Abron | 1,170,000 |
| 6 | Dagbani (gụnyere asụsụ Mamprusi, na Nanumba) | 1,160,000 |
| 7 | Dangme | 1,020,000 |
| 8 | Dagare | 924,000 |
| 9 | Konkomba | 831,000 |
| 10 | Ga | 745,000 |
| 11 | Ịgagharị | 638,000 |
| 12 | Kusaal | 535,000 |
| 13 | Mampruli | 414,000 |
| 14 | Gonja | 310,000 |
| 15 | Sehwi | 305,000 |
| 16 | Nzema | 299,000 |
| 17 | French | 273,795 |
| 18 | Wasa | 273,000 |
| 19 | Sisaala, Tumulung | 219,000 |
| 20 | Sisaala, Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ | 219,000 |
| 21 | Bimoba | 176,000 |
| 22 | Ahanta | 175,000 |
| 23 | Ntcham | 169,000 |
| 24 | Buli | 168,000 |
| 25 | Ebe a na-anọ | 166,000 |
| 26 | Kasem | 149,000 |
| 27 | Isiokwu | 134,000 |
| 28 | Cherepon | 132,000 |
| 29 | Birifor, Ndịda | 125,000 |
| 30 | Anufo | 91,300 |
| 31 | Wali | 84,800 |
| 32 | Larteh | 74,000 |
| 33 | Siwu | 71,900 |
| 34 | Chumburung | 69,000 |
| 35 | Anyin | 66,400 |
| 35 | Nafaanra | 61,000 |
| 36 | Krache | 58,000 |
| 37 | Lelemi | 48,900 |
| 38 | Deg | 42,900 |
| 39 | Paasaal | 36,000 |
| 40 | Kabre, (asụsụ Kabre) | 35,642 |
| 41 | Ihe a na-eme n'oge ochie | 27,200 |
| 42 | Kulango, Bondoukou | 27,000 |
| 43 | Sekpele | 23,000 |
| 44 | Ihe mgbu | 18,400 |
| 45 | Jwira-Nkebe | 18,000 |
| 46 | Gua | 17,600 |
| 47 | Tampulma | 16,000 |
| 48 | Kulango, Bouna | 15,500 |
| 49 | Ligbi | 15,000 |
| 50 | Nawuri | 14,000 |
| 51 | Ụgbọ ala | 13,900 |
| 52 | Tuwuli | 11,400 |
| 53 | Selee | 11,300 |
| 54 | Adele | 11,000 |
| 55 | Nkonya | 11,000 |
| 56 | Gikyode | 10,400 |
| 57 | Dwang | 8,200 |
| 58 | Akposo | 7,500 |
| 59 | Logba | 7,500 |
| 60 | Nkami | 7,000 |
| 61 | Hanga | 6,800 |
| 62 | Nyangbo | 6,400 |
| 63 | Chakali | 6,000 |
| 64 | Asụsụ Ogbi nke Ghana | 6,000 |
| 65 | Safaliba | 5,000 |
| 66 | Tafi | 4,400 |
| 67 | Fulfulde, Maasina | 4,240 |
| 68 | Adangbe/Dangbe | 4,000 |
| 69 | Konni | 3,800 |
| 70 | Asụsụ Ogbi Adamorobe | 3,500 |
| 71 | Chala | 3,000 |
| 72 | Kamara | 3,000 |
| 73 | Kantosi | 2,300 |
| 74 | Kusuntu | 2,100 |
| 75 | Nchụ | 1,800 |
| 76 | Kplang | 1,600 |
| 77 | Dompo | 970 |
| 78 | Animere | 700 |
| 79 | Ndị Hausa | Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya |
| 80 | Lama | 1 |
| 81 | Ihe na-adịghị mma | Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya |
Nchịkọta asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asụsụ Ghana sitere na alaka ndị a n'ime Eziniche bụ Niger-Congo:
- Asụsụ Kwa (Akan, Bia, Guang na Tano; Ga na Adangme)
- Asụsụ Gbe (Ewe)
- Asụsụ Gur (Gurunsi, Dagbani, Mossi, Dagaare, na Frafra na Oti-Volta)
- Asụsụ Senufo (Nafaanra)
- Asụsụ Kulango
- Asụsụ Mande (Wangara, Ligbi)
Nchịkọta ndị okenye nwere ike ịhazi ha dị ka Kwa, Gur, na Mande.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ghana
- Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke Ghana
- Bekee nke Ghana
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Ghana's president wants to make French a formal language, but it's not a popular plan (7 April 2019).
- ↑ Ghana adopts French as its second official language (21 March 2019). Archived from the original on 2 August 2021. Retrieved on 26 March 2025.
- ↑ Introduction To The Verbal and Multi-Verbal system of Akan. ling.hf.ntnu.no (2013). Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved on 16 November 2013.
- ↑ Upper West Region. www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved on 2023-08-17.
- ↑ Kasem to English dictionary .. Lughayangu. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ Kasem language and alphabet. omniglot.com. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ Ndetei (2020-10-02). Guan tribe: history, language, food, dance, festivals, facts (en). Yen.com.gh – Ghana news.. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ Ghana (en). Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2019-08-04.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ndepụta Ethnologue maka Ghana
- Map nke asụsụ na Ghana
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2006. Iwu Asụsụ nke Mmụta na Ghana: Nleba anya dị oke egwu na Iwu Asụsụ Bekee nke Mmụta. Na Selected Proceedings nke 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, ed. John Mugane na ndị ọzọ, 76-85. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
- PanAfrican L10n wiki page na Ghana
- Nhazi asụsụ n'ụwa peeji nke Ghana
- GhanaWeb