Benazir Bhutto
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| Ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| Mba o sị | Pakistan |
| Aha n'asụsụ obodo | بینَظِیر بُھٹّو, بينظير ڀُٽو |
| Aha enyere | Benazir |
| Aha ezinụlọ ya | Bhutto |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 21 Jụn 1953 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Karachi |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 27 Disemba 2007 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Benazir Bhutto Hospital |
| Ụdị ọnwụ | Ịgbụ mmadụ |
| Ihe kpatara ọnwụ | suicide bombing |
| Ebe olili | Bhutto family mausoleum |
| Ńnà | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto |
| Ńné | Nusrat Bhutto |
| Nwanne | Sanam Bhutto., Shahnawaz Bhutto, Murtaza Bhutto |
| Dị/nwunye | Asif Ali Zardari |
| Nwa | Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, Bakhtawar Bhutto Zardari, Aseefa Bhutto Zardari |
| Ezinụlọ | Bhutto family |
| Asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Urdu, English |
| Ikpe nke | money laundering |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị |
| Ogo mmụta | Doctor of Sciences |
| Onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| Okpukpere chi/echiche ụwa | Okpukpere Alakụba |
| Onye òtù nke | Phi Beta Kappa Society |
| Ihe nrite | Bruno Kreisky Award for Services to Human Rights, United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights |
| Webụsaịtị | https://benazirbhutto.com |
Benazir Bhutto (21 Juun 1953 – 27 Disemba 2007) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nwanyị steeti Pakistan nke jere ozi dị ka praịm minista nke Pakistan site na 1988 ruo 1990, nakwa site na 1993 ruo 1996 ọzọ. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya n'obodo ebe ọtụtụ ndị Alakụba bi. Dịka echiche, ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe n'eziokwu na onye na-anaghị agbaso iwu, ọ bụ onyeisi oche ma ọ bụ onye isi oche otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Pakistan People's Party (PPP) site na mmalite afọ 1980 ruo mgbe e gburu ya na 2007.
Mbido ndụ ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Benazir Bhutto na Karachi ndị nne na nna Sindhi na Kurdish ihe nketa.
A mụrụ Bhutto n'ime ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị dị mkpa ezinụlọ Bhutto, nna ya bụ onye minista maka ume ike, onye minista mba ofesi nke mba ahụ mechara guzobe Pakistan People's Party (PPP).
Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Harvard University na Mahadum Oxford.
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ laghachiri na Pakistan na 1977 n'oge ọchịchị nna ya Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, obere oge tupu a chụpụrụ nna ya n'ọchịchị ndị agha ma mesịa gbuo ya. Bhutto na nne ya, Nusrat Bhutto, weghaara ikike nke PPP ma duo otu Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD).[1]
A tụrụ Bhutto mkpọrọ ugboro site na ọchịchị ndị agha Zia-ul-Haq ma chụgara ya onwe ya na Great Britain na 1984.
Na 1986 ọ laghachiri wee gbanwee PPP tupu ya eduga ya na mmeri na ntuli aka 1988. Dịka praịm minista, ndị agha nchekwa nchekwa na ndị Alakụba nọ na mba ahụ, gụnyere onye isi ala Ghulam Ishaq Khan na ndị agha Pakistan gbochiri mbọ ya ime mgbanwe. Ọchịchị ya, ebe ebubo ebubo nrụrụ aka na enweghị mmasị, Khan wepụrụ ya na 1990 na ntuli aka na-esote nke ndị ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na-agbagha iji hụ na mmeri maka ndị na-eme mgbanwe Islam Democratic Alliance (IJI)..[2]
Na 1992 a chụrụkwa ọchịchị IJI nke praịm minista Nawaz Sharif n'ihi ebubo nrụrụ aka, ma ọzọ Bhutto duru ndị PPP nweta mmeri na ntuli aka 1993. N'ọkwa nke abụọ ya, ọ na-ahụ maka mwepu nke akụ na ụba na mbọ iji kwalite ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Ọchịchị ya nwere ọgba aghara, gụnyere ogbugbu e gburu nwanne ya nwoke bụ Murtaza, ọchịchị mgbagha emeghị nke ọma na 1995, na asịrị iri ngo metụtara ya na di ya Asif Ali Zardari; na nzaghachi, Onye isi ala Farooq Leghari chụrụ ọchịchị ya.[3]
Na 1998 ọ gara nchụpụ onwe ya ọzọ, biri n'etiti Dubai na London afọ iri na-esote.
Ikpe ya na ogbugbu ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 2003, a mara ya ikpe n'ụlọ ikpe Switzerland n'ihi ebubo nrụrụaka.[4] Agbanyeghị, ọ laghachiri Pakistan na 2007 ka ọ gbaa ọsọ na ntuli aka 2008.[5] Mgbe nnọkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Rawalpindi, egburu ya na Disemba 2007 ya na otu ndị na-eyi ọha egwu al-Qaeda na-azọrọ na ọ bụ ya. E liri ya n'ụlọ ezumike ezinụlọ ya.[6]
Ndụ nke onwe ya na
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Echiche na Bhutto kewara nke ukwuu. Ndị otu Islamist nke Pakistan na ndị agha nchekwa na-ebokarị ya ebubo na ọ nweghị ahụmahụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, rụrụ arụ, ma na-emegide ndị ọchịchị ụwa, na-emeziwanye atụmatụ ya. Otú ọ dị, n'afọ ndị mbụ nke ọrụ ya, ọ bụ onye a ma ama n'ime ụlọ ma dọtakwara nkwado sitere na mba ụwa, ebe a na-ahụ ya dị ka onye mmeri nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, a bịara were ya dị ka akara ngosi maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'ihi ọganihu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na obodo ndị nwoke na-achị.[7]
Bhutto bụ ada n'ime ụmụaka anọ. Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Pakistan na 1988, nne Bhutto haziri maka alụmdi na nwunye ya na onye ọchụnta ego Asif Ali Zardari. Gey lụrụ di ma mụọ ụmụ atọ; otu n'ime ụmụ ya ka a mụrụ mgbe ọ bụ praịm minista si otú ahụ bụrụ onye isi ala nwanyị mbụ mụrụ n'ọkwa ọchịchị.[8]
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Levesque, Julien (2021-11-12). "Beyond Success or Failure: Sindhi Nationalism and the Social Construction of the "Idea of Sindh"". Journal of Sindhi Studies 1 (1): 1–33. DOI:10.1163/26670925-bja10001.
- ↑ Lieven, Anatol (2010). "The President-Prime Minister Dilemma", Pakistan: A Hard Country. ISBN 978-1-61039-021-7.
- ↑ Mazhar Aziz (2008). Military control in Pakistan: the parallel state. Milton Park, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK: Mazhar, 80–81. ISBN 978-0-415-43743-1.
- ↑ John F. Burns (9 January 1998). Bhutto Clan Leaves Trail of Corruption in Pakistan. The New York Times.
- ↑ "Pakistan's Bhutto launches election manifesto", Forbes, 30 November 2007.
- ↑ "Bhutto's son, husband to lead party", CBS News, 31 December 2007.
- ↑ Following in Benazir's footsteps, Malala aspires to become PM of Pakistan – The Express Tribune (10 December 2014).
- ↑ Khan, M Ilyas. "Ardern and Bhutto: Two different pregnancies in power", BBC News, 21 June 2018.
Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Allen, Brooke (2016). Benazir Bhutto: Favored Daughter, Icons Series. New York: Amazon/New Harvest. ISBN 978-0-544-64893-7.
- Bhatia, Shyam (2008). Goodbye Shahzadi: A Political Biography of Benazir Bhutto. Lotus Collection. ISBN 9788174366580.
- Lamb, Christina (1991). Waiting for Allah: Pakistan's Struggle for Democracy. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-014334-8.
- Muñoz, Heraldo (2013). Getting Away with Murder: Benazir Bhutto's Assassination and the Politics of Pakistan. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0393062915.
- Suvorova, Anna (2015). Benazir Bhutto: A Multidimensional Portrait. Karachi: Oxford University Press Pakistan. ISBN 978-0-19-940172-7.