Cerveteri

Templeeti:Infobox Italian comuneCerveteri ( ) bụ obodo (obodo ukwu) dị na Obodo Ukwu nke Rome Isi Obodo, na mpaghara Lazio nke Itali. Ndị Rom oge ochie maara ya dị ka Caere, ndị Etruscans makwaara ya na mbụ dị ka Caisra ma ọ bụ Cisra, nakwa dị ka Agylla (ma ọ bụ Άγυλλα) site n'aka ndị Gris, aha ya nke oge a sitere na Caere Vetus nke e ji mee ihe na narị afọ nke 13 iji mata ọdịiche dị na Caere Novum (obodo ugbu a).

Ọ bụ ebe e nwere obodo Etruscan oge ochie, otu n'ime obodo ndị dị mkpa na Etruscan, nke nwere mpaghara karịrị okpukpu iri na ise karịa obodo nke oge a. Ụlọ ndị a kacha mara amara n'ebe ahụ mejupụtara Banditaccia Necropolis, ma nwee ili na ọnụ ụlọ niile dị mkpa a maara. E si na tufa bepụ ọtụtụ n'ime ili ndị ahụ na-eme ka ọ dị ka ihe owuwu ndị Gris.. ^[1]

Caere bụ otu n'ime obodo-mba nke Njikọ Etruscan na n'oge ya kachasị elu, gburugburu 600 BC, ndị bi na ya bụ ma eleghị anya ihe dị ka mmadụ 25,000 - 40,000. ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]^[5]^[6]

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ

Obodo oge ochie ahụ dị ihe dị ka kilomita 7 (4.3 mi) site n'oké osimiri, ebe mere ka ọ bụrụ obodo azụmaahịa bara ọgaranya nke sitere na ebe a na-egwupụta ọla na Tolfa Hills.

O nwere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri atọ gụnyere Pyrgi, jikọtara ya na Caere site n'okporo ụzọ dị ihe dị ka kilomita 13 (8.1 mi) n'ogologo na mita 10 (33 n'obosara, na Punicum.

A makwaara Pyrgi maka ebe nsọ ya nke nnukwu ụlọ nsọ site na 510 BC, nke eze Caere wuru ma nyefee ya nye chi nwanyị Leucothea na Ilithyia, nke a na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe ọkpụkpụ na Villa Giulia.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ihe Ncheta

Obere ihe ka a maara banyere obodo oge ochie ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a maara ụlọ nsọ isii site na isi mmalite dị iche iche. E gwupụtara abụọ n'ime ha, otu nke Hera, nke ọzọ n'ebe ugwu nke obodo ahụ. A ka na-ahụ akụkụ nke mgbidi obodo ahụ taa ma na-egwu ihe na-emeghe ụlọ ihe nkiri. A chọtara ili atọ. A na-egwu ihe dị n'ili ndị ahụ, mgbe mgbe n'ụzọ ọgba aghara na n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị; n'ime narị afọ ole na ole gara aga, ha ewepụtala ihe ndị bara ọgaranya na ndị mara mma, gụnyere arịa na ọla ndị na-achọ mma taa n'ọtụtụ ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie n'ụwa. Otu ọrụ nka a ma ama ma dị mkpa bụ Sarcophagus nke Ndị Nwunye.

Obodo ili nke Banditaccia

Interior of an Etruscan tomb in the Banditaccia necropolis
Sarcophagus of the Spouses (Villa Giulia)
Sculpture from a temple at Caere, 525–500 BC (Altes Museum Berlin)
Gold bracelet from the tomb Regolini-Galassi, c. 650 BC

Ihe kacha mara mma na Cerveteri bụ Etruscan Necropoli della Banditaccia, nke UNESCO kwupụtara dị ka Ebe Ihe Nketa Ụwa yana ebe nsọ dị na Tarquinia. Ọ na-ekpuchi ala nke hekta 400 (eka 990), nke a pụrụ ileta hekta 10 (eka 25), nke gụnyere ngụkọta ihe dị ka ili 1,000 a na-ahụkarị n'ugwu ndị a ma ama. Ọ bụ ebe nsọ ochie kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara Mediterenian. Aha Banditaccia sitere na mgbazinye (bando) nke ala nye ndị Cerveteri site n'aka ndị nwe ala mpaghara ahụ.

Ili ndị ahụ sitere na narị afọ nke 9 BC (Omenala Villanova) ruo n'oge Etruscan (narị afọ nke atọ BC). Ili ndị mbụ dị n'ụdị olulu, ebe a na-etinye ntụ nke ndị nwụrụ anwụ; oghere ndị dị mfe dịkwa.

Ili ndị kachasị mkpa gụnyere:

Ili Regolini-Galassi nke nwere ọlaedo bara ọgaranya a chọtara n'etiti narị afọ nke asaa BC
Ili nke isi obodo (Tomba dei Capitelli), n'etiti narị afọ nke isii BC
Ili nke ọta na oche (Tomba degli Scudi e delle Sedie), n'etiti narị afọ nke isii BC
Ili nke ọdụm ndị e sere ese (Tomba dei Leoni dipinti), 620 BC
Ili nke Ihe Ndị A tụrụ atụ (Tomba dei Rilievi), narị afọ nke anọ - nke abụọ BC
Ili nke Oké Osimiri (Tomba delle Onde Marine), narị afọ nke anọ na nke atọ BC
Ili nke Alcove (Tomba dell'Alcova), narị afọ nke anọ - nke atọ BC
Tomba della capanna
Ili nke Vasi Greci
Ili nke Doli
Ili Calabria

Site n'oge Etruscan nke ikpeazụ, e nwere ụdị ili abụọ: ili dị ka tumulus na ihe a na-akpọ "dice", nke ikpeazụ bụ ili dị mfe nke e wuru n'ahịrị dị ogologo n'okporo ụzọ dị n'ime necropolis. Ebe a na-eleta nwere ụzọ abụọ dị otú ahụ, Via dei Monti Ceriti na Via dei Monti della Tolfa (narị afọ nke isii BC).

Tumula bụ ihe owuwu dị gburugburu nke e ji tuff wuo, na ime ya, nke e ji nkume dị ndụ kpụọ, nwere ụlọ nrụzigharị nke ụlọ ndị nwụrụ anwụ, gụnyere paseeji (dromos), ụlọ nzukọ etiti na ọtụtụ ọnụ ụlọ. Ihe ọmụma nke oge a banyere ndụ kwa ụbọchị nke Etruscan dabere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na ọtụtụ nkọwa ịchọ mma na ihe ndị a chọtara n'ili ndị dị otú ahụ. Otu n'ime ili ndị a ma ama bụ Ili nke Reliefs, nke a chọpụtara site na ihe odide dị ka nke ezinụlọ Matuna ma nye usoro pụrụ iche nke frescoes, bas-reliefs na ihe a tụrụ atụ na-egosi nnukwu usoro nke ngwaọrụ ndụ nke oge a. ^[7]^[8]

Ili ndị kachasị ọhụrụ sitere na narị afọ nke atọ BC. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere akara mpụga, nke bụ cylindrical maka ụmụ nwoke na ọdịdị nke obere ụlọ maka ụmụ nwanyị.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nchọpụta e gwupụtara na Cerveteri dị na National Etruscan Museum, Rom, na ndị ọzọ na Vatican Museum na ọtụtụ ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị ọzọ gburugburu ụwa. Ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị ite, dị na Archaeological Museum na Cerveteri n'onwe ya.

Ihe ncheta ndị ọzọ

Rocca ("ụlọ elu")
Chọọchị Santa Maria Maggiore, gụnyere akụkụ oge ochie nke a na-enweta site na 1950s site na mgbakwunye ogidi mmeri
Palazzo Ruspoli, nke Orsini wughachiri dị ka obí eze na 1533. Nke a bụ ebe ngosi nka obodo ahụ, Museo nazionale cerite, nke nwere ihe ndị dị mkpa nke Etruscan, gụnyere Euphronios Krater, nke Metropolitan Museum of Art na New York weghachiri. Portico na loggia dị n'ihu ụlọ ahụ sitere na narị afọ nke iri na asaa. E jikọtara ya na Santa Maria Maggiore site na pasetto (àkwà mmiri mechiri emechi), nke e wuru na 1760.
Obere ụlọ ụka Sant'Antonio Abate, nke nwere ihe osise 1472 nke Lorenzo da Viterbo sere
Obodo Ceri nke oge ochie
Obí Eze nke Cerenova

Cerveteri DOC

Gburugburu obodo Cerveteri bụ mpaghara Mmanya DOC nke Ịtali nke na-emepụta mmanya na-acha ọbara ọbara na nke na-acha ọcha. Mmanya na-acha ọbara ọbara bụ ngwakọta nke 60% Sangiovese na Montepulciano, 25% Cesanese na ihe ruru 30% nke Canaiolo, Carignan na Barbera. A na-ejedebe mkpụrụ vaịn na owuwe ihe ubi nke tọn 15 / hekta na mmanya ikpeazụ ga-enwerịrị ọkwa mmanya dị ala nke 11%. Mmanya ọcha nwere ngwakọta dị ala nke 50% Trebbiano Romagnolo na Verdicchio" id="mw3A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Verdicchio">Giallo, ihe kachasị elu nke 35% Malvasia di Candia na ihe kachasị elu ya nke 15% Friulano, Verdicchio, Bellone na Bombino bianco. A na-ejedebe mkpụrụ vaịn na owuwe ihe ubi nke tọn 14 / hekta na mmanya ikpeazụ ga-enwerịrị ọkwa mmanya dị ala nke 12%.

Obodo bishọp oge ochie

Maka bishọp oge ochie nke nwere oche ya na Cerveteri ma bụrụzi onye isi oche (lee Caere).

Obodo ejima

Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany
Livry-Gargan, France
Almuñécar, Spain
Lankaran, Azerbaijan

Edemsibia

↑ Norwich (1988). The World Atlas of Architecture (in en). Portland House, 157. ISBN 978-0-517-66875-7.
↑ Pounds, N.J.G. (1976). An Historical Geography of Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521291262.
↑ Museo nazionale di Villa Giulia (2001). The Villa Giulia National Etruscan Museum: Short Guide. L'Erma di Bretschneider. ISBN 9788882650124. Retrieved on 2016-03-23.
↑ Jean MacIntosh Turfa (26 June 2013). The Etruscan World. Routledge, 1774–. ISBN 978-1-134-05530-2.
↑ Norman J. G. Pounds (16 December 1976). An Historical Geography of Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330. CUP Archive, 54–. ISBN 978-0-521-29126-2.
↑ John Morris Roberts (1993). A Short History of the World. Oxford University Press, 110–. ISBN 978-0-19-511504-8. Retrieved on 2016-03-23.
↑ Fred Kleiner (8 January 2009). Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective. Cengage Learning, 181–. ISBN 978-0-495-57360-9. Retrieved on 23 March 2016.
↑ Horst Blanck (1986). La Tomba dei Rilievi di Cerveteri. De Luca. ISBN 9788878130449.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

Drago Troccoli, Luciana 2006. Cerveteri Rome: Istituto Poligrafico.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "The Etruscan sanctuary at Cerveteri, Sant"Antonio: Preliminary report of excavations 1995-8." Akwụkwọ nke British School na Rome 62: 321-35.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1978. Cerveteri Novara, Italy: Istituto Geografico de Agostini.
Pallottino, Massimo 1957. Obodo ili ozu nke Cerveteri. Rome: Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato.

Njikọ mpụga

Templeeti:World Heritage Sites in Italy Templeeti:Landmarks of Lazio Templeeti:Province of Rome

[1] Norwich (1988). The World Atlas of Architecture (in en). Portland House, 157. ISBN 978-0-517-66875-7.

[books-2] Pounds, N.J.G. (1976). An Historical Geography of Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521291262.

[books2-3] Museo nazionale di Villa Giulia (2001). The Villa Giulia National Etruscan Museum: Short Guide. L'Erma di Bretschneider. ISBN 9788882650124. Retrieved on 2016-03-23.

[Turfa2013-4] Jean MacIntosh Turfa (26 June 2013). The Etruscan World. Routledge, 1774–. ISBN 978-1-134-05530-2.

[Pounds1976-5] Norman J. G. Pounds (16 December 1976). An Historical Geography of Europe 450 B.C.-A.D. 1330. CUP Archive, 54–. ISBN 978-0-521-29126-2.

[Roberts1993-6] John Morris Roberts (1993). A Short History of the World. Oxford University Press, 110–. ISBN 978-0-19-511504-8. Retrieved on 2016-03-23.

[Kleiner2009-7] Fred Kleiner (8 January 2009). Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective. Cengage Learning, 181–. ISBN 978-0-495-57360-9. Retrieved on 23 March 2016.

[BlanckProietti1986-8] Horst Blanck (1986). La Tomba dei Rilievi di Cerveteri. De Luca. ISBN 9788878130449.

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