Deuterọnọmi

 

 

Papyrus Fouad 266, dating to Templeeti:Circa, contains part of a Greek translation (Septuagint) of Deuteronomy.

Deuteronomy (Grik oge ochie: , , lit. ''; Latin: Liber Deuteronomii) bụ akwụkwọ nke ise nke Torah (n'Okpukpe ndị Juu), ebe a na-akpọ ya Biblical Hebrew-language romanization" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Devarim (Hibru :דְּבָרִים__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ,Romanized: Isiokwu,Àkwà.'[okwu] [nke Mozis]') nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ nke ise nke Bible Hibru na Agba Ochie nke Ndị Kraịst.[the]  Isi nke 1-30 nke akwụkwọ ahụ nwere okwuchukwu atọ ma ọ bụ okwuchukwu Mozis gwara Ndị Izrel na Ala Dị Larịị nke Moab, obere oge tupu ha abanye n'Ala Nkwa. Okwuchukwu mbụ ahụ na-akọ afọ iri anọ nke ịgagharị n'ọzara nke dugara n'oge ahụ ma jiri agbamume ka a debe iwu ahụ. Ozizi nke abụọ na-echetara ndị Izrel mkpa ọ dị ịgbaso Yahweh na iwu (ma ọ bụ nkuzi) o nyere ha, nke ala ha na-adabere na ya. Ozizi nke atọ na-enye nkasi obi na, ọbụlagodi na mba Israel gosipụtara na ha ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi ma si otú a tụfuo ala ahụ, enwere ike iweghachi ha niile. Isi anọ ikpeazụ (31-34) nwere Abụ Mozis, Ngọzi Mozis, na akụkọ na-akọ banyere ịgafe uwe ndu site na Mozis gaa na Jọshụa na, n'ikpeazụ, ọnwụ Mozis n'Ugwu Nebo.

One of its most significant verses is Deuteronomy 6:4, the Shema Yisrael, which has been described as the definitive statement of Jewish identity for theistic Jews: "Hear, O Israel: the <span about="#mwt129" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:false}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;LORD&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Template:LORD&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwNw" typeof="mw:Transclusion">L</span><span about="#mwt129" data-ve-ignore="true" id="mwOA" style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span> our God, the Templeeti:LORD is one." Verses 6:4–5 were also quoted by Jesus in Mark 12:28–34 as the Great Commandment.

Dị ka omenala si dị, a kwenyere na Chineke gwara Mozis Torah, mana ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta nke oge a kwuru na Deuteronomy bụ narị afọ nke asaa na nke ise BCE.[4]

Ọdịdị ya

Patrick D. Miller na nkọwa ya banyere Deuteronomy na-atụ aro na echiche dị iche iche banyere nhazi nke akwụkwọ ahụ ga-eduga n'echiche dị iche iche na ihe ọ bụ. A na-akọwakarị usoro ahụ dị ka usoro okwu atọ ma ọ bụ okwuchukwu (isi 1:1-4:43, 4:44-29:1, 29:2-30:20) sochiri ọtụtụ ihe mgbakwunye dị mkpirikpi ma ọ bụ ụdị okwu mmechi (31:1-34:12), gụnyere ọrụ Jọshụa, abụ Mozis na ọnwụ Mozis.

Ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ jiri usoro Deuteronomy tụnyere nkwekọrịta ndị Het ma ọ bụ ihe odide nkwekọrịta oge ochie ndị ọzọ dị nso n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa. Mana o doro anya na Deuteronomy n'onwe ya abụghị naanị ederede nke nkwekọrịta, ebe Deuteronomy karịrị itinye usoro nkwekọrịta ụwa na mmekọrịta Izrel na Chineke.

Iwu Iri (Decalogue) na isi nke 5 na-eje ozi dị ka ụkpụrụ maka akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, dịka isi nke 12-26 bụ nkọwa nke Decalogue, ya mere Decalogue gbasaa.

Iwu Ndị E Si N'Otu	Isiokwu
1–3	12–13
4	14:28–16:17
5	16:18–18:22
6	19:1–21:9
7	22:13–30
8–10	23–26

Nchịkọta

Mozis na-anata Iwu (n'elu) ma na-agụrụ ndị Izrel Iwu (n"okpuru)

(Nkọwa "akwụkwọ" na-esonụ nke Deuteronomy sitere na John Van Seters; [1] enwere ike iji ya tụnyere nyocha "ọgbụgba ndụ" nke Alexander Rofé na Deuteronomy ya: Nsogbu na Nkọwa.[9].)

• Isi nke 1-4: A na-echeta njem gafere n'ọzara site na Horeb (Sinai) gaa Kadesh wee gaa Moab.
• Isi nke 4-11: Mgbe mmeghe nke abụọ na 4:44-49 a na-echeta ihe ndị mere n'Ugwu Horeb, site n'inye Iwu Iri. A na-agba ndị isi ezinụlọ ume ka ha kụziere ndị nọ n'okpuru nlekọta ha iwu, a na-adọ aka ná ntị megide ijere chi ndị ọzọ ozi karịa Yahweh, a na'eto ala e kwere Israel nkwa, a na na-agbakwa ndị mmadụ ume irube isi.
• Isi nke 12-26, Iwu Deuteronomic: Iwu na-achịkwa ofufe nke Israel (isi nke 12-16a), nhọpụta na nhazi nke ndị isi obodo na okpukpe (16b-18), iwu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya (19-25), na nkwupụta nke njirimara na iguzosi ike n'ihe (26).
• Isi nke 27-28: Ngọzi na ọbụbụ ọnụ maka ndị na-edebe ma na-emebi iwu.
• Isi nke 29-30: Nkwupụta nkwurịta okwu banyere ọgbụgba ndụ n'ala Moab, gụnyere iwu niile dị na Iwu Deuteronomic (isi nke 12-26) mgbe ndị e nyere na Horeb; a na-agba Izrel ume ọzọ irube isi.
• Isi nke 31-34: A na-etinye Jọshụa dị ka onye nọchiri Mozis, Mozis na-enye Ndị Livaị iwu (ndị ụkọchukwu), wee rịgoro Ugwu Nebo ma ọ bụ Pisgah, ebe ọ nwụrụ ma bụrụ onye Chineke liri. Akụkọ banyere ihe omume ndị a na-akpaghasị abụ abụọ, Abụ Mozis na Ngọzi Mozis.

Amaokwu ikpeazụ, Deuteronomic 34:10-12, "ọ dịghị mgbe ọzọ e nwere onye amụma dị ka Mozis n'Izrel," na-azọrọ na echiche Deuteronomist nke nkà mmụta okpukpe na nkwenye ya na ofufe Yahweh dị ka naanị chi nke Izrel bụ naanị okpukpe a kwadoro, ebe onye amụma kachasị ukwuu mechiri ya.

Usoro Iwu Deuteronomic

  Deuteronomy 12-26, Deuteronomic Code, bụ akụkụ kachasị ochie nke akwụkwọ ahụ na isi nke ndị ọzọ mepụtara.[12] Ọ bụ usoro mitzvot (iwu) nye ndị Izrel banyere otu ha kwesịrị isi akpa onwe ha n'Ala Nkwa.

Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya

Mozis na-ele Ala Nkwa, Deuterọnọmi 34:1-5 (Jọkịm Tissot)

Onye dere Torah nke Mosaic, nkwenye na akwụkwọ ise nke Torah - gụnyere Akwụkwọ Deuteronomy - bụ nke Chineke gwara Mozis n'Ugwu Saịnaị, bụ omenala ndị Juu oge ochie nke Maimonides (1135-1204 AD) dere dị ka nke asatọ n'ime ụkpụrụ okwukwe ndị Juu 13.[13] Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị ọkà mmụta ụwa niile nke oge a, na ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta Ndị Kraịst na ndị Juu, jụrụ onye dere Akwụkwọ Deuteronomy ma dee akwụkwọ ahụ mgbe e mesịrị, n'etiti narị afọ nke asaa na nke ise BC.[4] O yikarịrị ka ndị dere ya bụ ndị Levite, ndị a na-akpọ Deuteronomist, ndị mkpa akụ na ụba na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-egosipụta.[14] A na-ele akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe odide akwụkwọ ahụ anya ugbu a n'okwu ndị a: [15]

• Na ngwụcha n' afọ nke asatọ BC ma Juda na Israel bụ ndị na-akwado Asiria. Israel nupụrụ isi ma bibie ya n'ihe dị ka 722 BC. Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ si Israel gbapụ gaa Juda wetara ọtụtụ omenala ndị ọhụrụ na Juda. Otu n'ime ihe ndị a bụ na chi Yahweh, nke a maara ma na-efe ofufe na Juda, abụghị naanị chi kachasị mkpa, kama ọ bụ naanị chi a ga-ejere ozi.[16] Echiche a metụtara ndị Juu na-achị ala, nke ghọrọ ndị dị ike n'ụlọ ikpe mgbe ha debere Josaya dị afọ asatọ n'ocheeze mgbe e gbusịrị nna ya, Amon nke Juda.

• Ka ọ na-erule afọ nke iri na asatọ nke ọchịchị Josaya, ike Asiria na-ebelata ngwa ngwa, na otu na-akwado nnwere onwe na-enweta ike n'Alaeze Juda. Otu ngosipụta nke òtù a bụ nkà mmụta okpukpe nke iguzosi ike n'ihe nye Yahweh dị ka naanị chi nke Alaeze Juda. Dị ka 2 Ndị Eze 22:1-23:30 si kwuo, n'oge a, Hilkiah (Onye Nnukwu Onye Nchụàjà na nna Jeremaịa onye amụma) chọpụtara "akwụkwọ iwu" - nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na ọ bụ Iwu Deuteronomic (usoro iwu dị na isi 12-26 nke mejupụtara isi mmalite nke Akwụkwọ Deuteronomy) - n'ụlọ nsọ ahụ. Josaya mechara malite mgbanwe zuru oke nke ofufe dabere na "akwụkwọ iwu" a, nke na-ewere ụdị ọgbụgba ndụ dị n'etiti Juda na Yahweh iji dochie nkwekọrịta dị n'agbata Eze Esarhaddon nke Asiria na Eze Manase nke Juda.[17]

• Nzọụkwụ ọzọ mere n'oge a dọọrọ ndị Babilọn n'agha. mbibi nke Alaeze Juda site na Babilọn na 586 BC na njedebe nke ọchịchị bụ oge nke ọtụtụ ntụgharị uche na ịkọ nkọ nkà mmụta okpukpe n'etiti ndị isi Deuteronomistic, ugbu a na-agba ọsọ n'obodo Babilọn. A na-eche na ọdachi ahụ bụ ntaramahụhụ Yahweh maka ọdịda ha ịgbaso iwu, ya mere ha mepụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Israel (akwụkwọ Jọshụa site na ndị Eze) iji gosipụta nke a.
• Na ngwụcha nke Exile, mgbe Ndị Peshia kwetara na ndị Juu nwere ike ịlaghachi ma wughachi Ụlọ Nsọ ahụ na Jerusalem, agbakwunyere isi 1-4 na 29-30 ma mee Deuteronomy akwụkwọ mmeghe nke akụkọ ihe mere eme a, nke mere na akụkọ banyere ndị na-achọ ịbanye n'Ala Nkwa ghọrọ akụkọ banyere ndị mmadụ na-achọ ịlaghachi n'ala ahụ. Akụkụ iwu nke isi 19-25 gbasaa iji zute ọnọdụ ọhụrụ bilitere, a gbakwunyere isi 31-34 dị ka nkwubi okwu ọhụrụ.

Isi nke 12-26, nke nwere Usoro Deuteronomic, bụ ngalaba mbụ.[18] Ebe ọ bụ na W. M. L. de Wette bu ụzọ kwado echiche ahụ na 1805, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta ekwerela na e dere akụkụ a nke akwụkwọ ahụ na Jerusalem na narị afọ nke asaa BC n'ihe gbasara mgbanwe okpukpe nke Eze Hezekaya (nke chịrị c. 716-687 BC), ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ arụrịta ụka maka ụbọchị ndị ọzọ, dịka n'oge ọchịchị onye nọchiri ya Manase (687-643 BC) ma ọ bụ ọbụna mgbe e mesịrị, dịka n"oge ndị a chụgara ya ma ọ bụ mgbe oge ndị postxilic (597-321][19][20][4][21] Okwu mmalite nke abụọ (Ch. 5-11) bụ ngalaba na-esote a ga-ede, mgbe ahụ okwu mmalite nke mbụ (Ch. 1-4); isiakwụkwọ ndị na-eso 26 na-agbakọta n'otu ụzọ ahụ.[18]

Nkewa nke Izrel na Juda

Aịsaịa onye amụma, onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Jerusalem ihe dị ka otu narị afọ tupu Jọshịa, ekwughị banyere Ọpụpụ, ọgbụgba ndụ ya na Chineke, ma ọ bụ nnupụisi nye iwu Chineke. N'ụzọ dị iche, Hosea nke oge Aịsaịa, nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'alaeze Israel dị n'ebe ugwu, na-ezo aka ugboro ugboro na Ọpụpụ, njem ọzara, ọgbụgba ndụ, ihe ize ndụ nke chi ndị mba ọzọ na mkpa ọ dị ife Yahweh ofufe naanị ya. Esemokwu a emeela ka ndị ọkà mmụta kwubie na ọdịnala ndị a n'azụ Deuteronomy nwere mmalite ugwu.[22] Ma e dere koodu Deuteronomic n'oge Josiah (ọgwụgwụ narị afọ nke 7 BC) ma ọ bụ tupu ya bụ ihe arụmụka, mana ọtụtụ n'ime iwu ndị ahụ dị ogologo karịa nchịkọta ahụ n'onwe ya. Abụ abụọ dị na isi 32-33 - Abụ Mozis na Ngọzi Mozis nwere ike ịbụ ndị nweere onwe ha.[22]

Ọnọdụ dị na Bible Hibru

Deuterọnọmiọs nwere ọnọdụ mgbagwoju anya na Bible, na-ejikọta akụkọ banyere njem ndị Izrel n'ọzara na akụkọ ihe mere eme ha na Kenan n'enweghị nke ọ bụla. Akụkọ ọzara nwere ike ịkwụsị n'ụzọ dị mfe na Ọnụ ọgụgụ, na akụkọ nke mmeri Jọshụa nwere ike ịdị na-enweghị ya, ọ dịkarịa ala na ọkwa nke atụmatụ ahụ. Mana n'ọnọdụ abụọ ahụ, a ga-enwe ihe gbasara isiokwu (nkwenkwe okpukpe) na-efu efu. Ndị ọkà mmụta enyewo azịza dị iche iche maka nsogbu ahụ.

Echiche akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Deuteronomistic bụ nke kachasị ewu ewu ugbu a. Deuteronomy bụ na mbụ naanị iwu na ọgbụgba ndụ, nke e dere iji mee ka mgbanwe okpukpe nke Jọshịa sie ike, ma mesịa gbasaa ka ọ bụrụ mmeghe nke akụkọ ihe mere eme zuru ezu. Mana e nwere echiche ochie, nke na-ahụ Deuteronomy dị ka nke Ọnụ Ọgụgụ, na Jọshụa dị ka ụdị mgbakwunye na ya. Echiche a ka nwere ndị na-akwado ya, mana nghọta a ma ama bụ na Deuteronomy, mgbe ọ ghọsịrị mmeghe nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, e mesịrị wepụ ya na ya ma tinye ya na Jenesis-Ọpụpụ-Levitikọs-Nọmba n'ihi na o nweworị Mozis dị ka onye isi ya. Dabere n'echiche a, ọnwụ Mozis bụ na mbụ njedebe nke Ọnụ Ọgụgụ, a kwapụkwara ya n'ebe ahụ ruo na njedebe nke Deuteronomy.

Isiokwu

Nchịkọta

Deuteronomy na-ekwusi ike na Chineke pụrụ iche, mkpa ọ dị ime ka ofufe dị n'etiti, na nchegbu maka ọnọdụ nke ndị ogbenye na ndị ogbenye. Enwere ike ịhazi ọtụtụ isiokwu ya gburugburu ogidi atọ nke Israel, Yahweh, na ọgbụgba ndụ nke na-ejikọta ha ọnụ.

Israel

Isiokwu nke Deuteronomy n'ihe gbasara Izrel bụ nhọpụta, ikwesị ntụkwasị obi, nrubeisi, na nkwa nke Yahweh maka ngọzi, niile gosipụtara site na ọgbụgba ndụ: "nrubeisi abụghị ọrụ nke otu akụkụ nyere onye ọzọ, kama ọ bụ ngosipụta nke mmekọrịta ọgbụgbọ. " Yahweh ahọrọla Israel dị ka ihe onwunwe ya pụrụ iche (Deuterọnọ 7:6 na ebe ndị ọzọ), na Mozis mesiri ndị Izrel ike nrube isi n'okpuru Chineke na ọgbụrụ, na nsonaazụ nke enweghị ntụkwasị obi na nnupụisi. Ma ọtụtụ isiakwụkwọ mbụ nke Deuteronomy bụ ogologo akụkọ banyere nnupụisi Israel gara aga - kamakwa nlekọta amara Chineke, na-eduga n'ịkpọ Israel ogologo oge ka ọ họrọ ndụ karịa ọnwụ na ngọzi karịa ọnụ (isi 7-11).

Yahweh

Echiche Deuterọnọmi banyere Chineke gbanwere ka oge na-aga. Akụkụ mbụ nke narị afọ nke asaa bụ monolatrous; ọ bụghị ịgọnahụ eziokwu nke chi ndị ọzọ kama ọ na-eme ka naanị ofufe nke Yahweh na Jerusalem. N'ikpeazụ, Exilic layers site na etiti narị afọ nke isii, ọkachasị isi nke 4, nke a na-aghọ otu chi, echiche na ọ bụ naanị otu chi dị. Chineke nọ n'otu oge n'ụlọ nsọ na n'eluigwe - echiche dị mkpa na nke ọhụrụ a na-akpọ "nkà mmụta okpukpe aha"

Mgbe e nyochachara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Israel na isi nke 1 ruo 4, e nwere ntụgharị nke Iwu Iri na isi nke 5. Ndokwa a nke ihe onwunwe na-eme ka mmekọrịta Chineke na Izrel pụta ìhè tupu e guzobe Iwu ahụ.

Ọgbụgba ndụ

Isi nke Deuteronomy bụ ọgbụgba ndụ nke na-ejikọta Yahweh na Israel site na iyi nke ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na nrubeisi. Chineke ga-enye Israel ngọzi nke ala, ọmụmụ, na ọganihu ma ọ bụrụhaala na Israel kwenyesiri ike n'ozizi Chineke; nnupụisi ga-eduga na ọbụbụ ọnụ na ntaramahụhụ. Mana, dị ka ndị Deuteronomists si kwuo, mmehie kachasị mkpa nke Israel bụ enweghị okwukwe, ndapụ n'ezi ofufe: n'ụzọ megidere iwu mbụ na nke bụ isi ("Ị gaghị enwe chi ndị ọzọ n'ihu m") ndị mmadụ abanyela na mmekọrịta na chi ndị ọzọ.

Dillard na Longman na mbido Agba Ochie ha kwusiri ike na ndụ nke ọgbụgba ndụ dị n'etiti Yahweh na Izrel dị ka mba: Mozis na-akpọ ndị Izrel dị ka ịdị n'otu, na iguzosi ike n'ihe ha na ọgbụgbọ ahụ abụghị nke irube isi, kama ọ na-abịa site na mmekọrịta dị n'agbata Chineke na Izrel, nke Abraham guzobere ma gbaa akaebe site na ihe omume Ọpụpụpụ, nke mere na iwu Deuteronomy setịpụrụ mba Izrel, na-egosi ọnọdụ pụrụ iche nke mba ndị Juu.

Ala ahụ bụ onyinye Chineke nyere Izrel, a na-enyekwa ọtụtụ n'ime iwu, ememme na ntụziaka dị na Deuterọnọmi n'ihi na Izrel bi n'ala ahụ. Dillard na Longman na-ekwu na "N'ime ugboro 131 n'ime ugboro 167 ngwaa "nye" pụtara n'akwụkwọ ahụ, isiokwu nke omume ahụ bụ Yahweh. " Deuteronomy na-eme ka Torah bụrụ ikike kachasị maka Israel, nke ọbụna eze nọ n'okpuru ya.

akụkụ Torah nke udaism kwa izu n'ime Akwụkwọ nke Deuterọnọmi

• Devarim, on Deuteronomy 1–3: Chiefs, scouts, Edom, Ammonites, Sihon, Og, land for two and a half tribes
• Va'etchanan, on Deuteronomy 3–7: Cities of refuge, Ten Commandments, Shema, exhortation, conquest instructions
• Eikev, on Deuteronomy 7–11: Obedience, taking the land, golden calf, Aaron's death, Levites' duties
• Re'eh, on Deuteronomy 11–16: Centralized worship, diet, tithes, sabbatical year, pilgrim festivals
• Shofetim, on Deuteronomy 16–21: Basic societal structure for the Israelites
• Ki Teitzei, on Deuteronomy 21–25: Miscellaneous laws on civil and domestic life
• Ki Tavo, on Deuteronomy 26–29: First fruits, tithes, blessings and curses, exhortation
• Nitzavim, on Deuteronomy 29–30: covenant, violation, choose blessing and curse
• Vayelech, on Deuteronomy 31: Encouragement, reading and writing the law
• Haazinu, on Deuteronomy 32: Punishment, punishment restrained, parting words
• V'Zot HaBerachah, on Deuteronomy 33–34: Farewell blessing and death of Moses

Mmetụta na okpukpe ndị Juu na nke Kraịst

Judaism

Akwụkwọ Deuteronomy, Debarim. Hibru na nsụgharị gaa na Judeo-Arabic, nke e dere n'ụdị Hibru. Site na Livorno, 1894 OA. Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie nke ndị Juu nke Morocco, Casablanca.

Deuteronomy 6:4–5: "Hear, O Israel (shema Yisra'el), the Templeeti:LORD is our God, the Templeeti:LORD is one!" has become the basic credo of Judaism, the Shema Yisrael, and its twice-daily recitation is a mitzvah (religious commandment). It continues, "Thou shalt love the Templeeti:LORD thy God with all thy heart and all thy soul and all thy might"; it has therefore also become identified with the central Jewish concept of the love of God, and the rewards that come as a result.

Iso Ụzọ Kraịst

Templeeti:Book of DeuteronomyN'Oziọma Matiu, Jizọs kwuru na Deuterọnọmi 6:5 bụ Iwu Ukwu. Ndị edemede Ndị Kraịst mbụ kọwara amụma Deuterọnọmi banyere mweghachi nke Izrel dị ka nke mezuru (ma ọ bụ dochie anya) na Jizọs Kraịst na nguzobe nke Chọọchị Ndị Kraịst (Luk 1-2, Ọrụ 2-5), a kọwakwara Jizọs dị ka "otu (ya bụ, onye amụma) dị ka m" nke Mozis buru n'amụma 18:15 (Ọrụ 3:22-23). Ọ bụ ezie na a ka na-arụrịta ụka banyere kpọmkwem ọnọdụ Pọl onyeozi na okpukpe ndị Juu, otu echiche a na-ahụkarị bụ na n'ọnọdụ Mitzva nke edepụtara na Deuterọnọmi, Pọl onyeozi, dabere na Deuterọmi 30:11-14, kwuru na idebe ọgbụgba ndụ Mozis ejiri okwukwe na Jizọs na ozioma (ọgbụgba aghara Ọhụrụ) dochie anya okwukwe.

Hụkwa

• 613 commandments
• Documentary hypothesis
• Hebrew Bible
• Kashrut
• Mosaic authorship
• Papyrus Rylands 458 – the oldest Greek manuscript of Deuteronomy

Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ

"Nkọwa nke Deuterọnọmi | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com. eweghachiri 11 Maachị 2023.

Philips, p.1–2

Deuterọnọmi 6:4

Miller, p.10

Christensen, p.211

Woods, Edward J. (2011). Deuterọnọmi: Okwu Mmalite na nkọwa. Nottingham, England: Inter-Varsity Press. p.38.

Wright, Christopher J. H. (1996). Deuterọnọmi. Nkọwa Akwụkwọ Nsọ Mba Nile Ọhụrụ. Peabody, Massachusetts: Ndị nkwusa Hendrickson. p. 4–5.

Rofé, p.1–4

Tigay, p.137 ff.

Knight, p.66

Bandstra, p.190–191

McConville

Mgbochi, p.172

McKenzie, p.266

Bultman, p.135

Romer (1994), p.200-201

McKenzie, p.265

Thompson, Deuterọnọmi, 112.

Breuggemann, p.53

Laffey, p.337

Phillips, p.8

Dillard & Longman, p.102.

Dillard & Longman, p.117.

Vogt, p.31

McConville, p.24

Nkwupụta n'ozuzu na ndị e depụtara

Nsụgharị

• Deuterọnọmi na NIV
• Deuterọnọmi na Tanakh (Hibru Bible)

Nkọwa

• Craigie (1976). The Book of Deuteronomy. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802825247. 
• Miller (1990). Deuteronomy. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780664237370. 
• Phillips (1973). Deuteronomy. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780521097727. 
• [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Torah: Nkọwa nke Oge A.   ISBN 0-8074-0055-6
• Miller (2001). Fortunate Nation: Comments and notes on DVARIM. 

Ọchịagha

• Ausloos (2015-10-22). The Deuteronomist's History: The Role of the Deuteronomist in Historical-Critical Research into Genesis-Numbers. BRILL. ISBN 9789004307049. 
• Bandstra (2004). Reading the Old Testament: An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible. Wadsworth. ISBN 9780495391050. 
• Block (2005). "Deuteronomy", in Kevin J. Vanhoozer: Dictionary for Theological Interpretation of the Bible. Baker Academic. 
• Braulik (1998). The Theology of Deuteronomy: Collected Essays of Georg Braulik. D&F Scott Publishing. ISBN 9780941037303. 
• Brueggemann (2002). Reverberations of Faith: A Theological Handbook of Old Testament Themes. Westminster John Knox. ISBN 9780664222314. 
• Bultman (2001). "Deuteronomy", in John Barton: Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198755005. 
• Christensen (1991). "Deuteronomy", in Watson E. Mills: Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780865543737. 
• [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ndị Chineke họọrọ: Nkọwa nkà mmụta okpukpe nke Akwụkwọ Deuteronomy. N'usoro, Religious Book Club, 182. London: S.C.M. Press.
• Davies (2013). Rethinking Biblical Scholarship, Changing Perspectives. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-84465-727-8. 
• Gottwald, Norman, nyocha nke Stephen L. Cook, The Social Roots of Biblical Yahwism, Society of Biblical Literature, 2004
• Knight (1995). "Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomists", in James Luther Mays: Old Testament Interpretation. T&T Clark. ISBN 9780567292896. 
• Gili Kugler, Kugler, Moses nwụrụ na ndị mmadụ gara n'ihu - akụkọ zoro ezo na Deuterọnọmi
• Laffey (2007). "Deuteronomistic Theology", in Orlando O. Espín: An Introductory Dictionary of Theology and Religious Studies. Liturgical Press. ISBN 9780814658567. 
• Levenson (1993). The Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament, and Historical Criticism: Jews and Christians in Biblical Studies. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-664-25407-0. 
• Markl (2013). "Moses' Praise and Blame – Israel's Honour and Shame: Rhetorical Devices in the Ethical Foundations of Deuteronomy". Verbum et Ecclesia 34 (2). DOI:10.4102/ve.v34i2.861. 
• McConville (2002). "Deuteronomy", in T. Desmond Alexander: Dictionary of the Old Testament: The Pentateuch. Eisenbrauns. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. 
• McKenzie (1990). in Raymond Edward Brown: The New Jerome Biblical Commentary, Reissue, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0136149347. 
• McKenzie (1995). "Postscript", in Linda S. Schearing: Those Elusive Deuteronomists: The Phenomenon of Pan-Deuteronomism. T&T Clark. ISBN 9780567563361. 
• Mendenhall (September 1, 1954). Covenant Forms in Israelite Tradition. Biblical Archeology 3/17. 
• Miller (1986). A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press. ISBN 978-0-664-21262-9. 
• Pakkala (2009). "The date of the oldest edition of Deuteronomy". Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 121 (3): 388–401. DOI:10.1515/ZAW.2009.026. 
• Richter (2002). The Deuteronomistic History and the Name Theology. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110173765. 
• Rofé (2002). Deuteronomy: Issues and Interpretation. T&T Clark. ISBN 9780567087546. 
• Rogerson (2003). "Deuteronomy", in James D. G. Dunn: Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110. 
• Romer (2000). "Deuteronomy In Search of Origins", in Gary N. Knoppers: Reconsidering Israel and Judah: Recent Studies on the Deuteronomistic History. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575060378. 
• Romer (1994). "The Book of Deuteronomy", in Steven L. McKenzie: The history of Israel's Traditions: The Heritage of Martin Noth. Sheffield Academic Press. ISBN 9780567230355. 
• Sommer (June 30, 2015). Revelation and Authority: Sinai in Jewish Scripture and Tradition, Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. 
• Stackert (2022). Deuteronomy and the Pentateuch, Anchor Yale Reference Library. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16751-1. 
• Tigay (1996). "The Significance of the End of Deuteronomy", in Michael V. Fox: Texts, Temples, and Traditions: A Tribute to Menahem Haran, etal. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575060033. 
• Van Seters (1998). "The Pentateuch", in Steven L. McKenzie: The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664256524. 
• Van Seters (2015). The Pentateuch: A Social-Science Commentary. Bloomsbury T&T Clark. ISBN 978-0-567-65880-7. 
• Vogt (2006). Deuteronomic Theology and the Significance of Torah: A Reappraisal. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575061078. 

Njikọ mpụga

 

• Deuterọnọmi dị na Bible Gateway
•  Paterson, James Alexander (1911). "Deuterọnọmi" . Encyclopædia Britannica (ed. 11).
•  Jastrow, Morris (1905). "Deuterọnọmi" . New International Encyclopedia.
• Nsụgharị Ndị Juu:
  • Deuteronomy na Mechon-Mamre (ntụgharị nke Jewish Publication Society)
  • Deuteronomy (The Living Torah) E debere Wayback Machine Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan's translation and commentary at Ort.org
  • Devarim - Deuteronomy (Judaica Press) nsụgharị [na nkọwa Rashi] na Chabad.org
  • דְּבָרִים Devarim - Deuteronomy (Hibru - Bekee na Mechon-Mamre.org)
• Nsụgharị Ndị Kraịst:
  • Bible n'ịntanetị na GospelHall.org (King James Version)
  • Oremus Bible Browser (New Revised Standard Version)
  • Oremus Bible Browser (Englicized New Revised Standard Version)
  • Deuteronomy na Wikisource (Authorized King James Version)
  • Deuteronomy ọha na eze ngalaba audiobook na Ụdị dị iche iche

Akwụkwọ nke Deuterọnọmi

Pentateuch

Buru ya ụzọ

Ọnụọgụ

Akwụkwọ Nsọ Hibru na-aga nke ọma

Joshua

Christian

Agba ochieTempleeti:Book of DeuteronomyTempleeti:Books of the Bible