Dong Yong

Dong Yong nke Kong Lianqing (孔蓮卿) gosipụtara na narị afọ nke 19.

Ihe oyiyi Dong Yong na Thean Hou Temple, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Dong Yong na Heavenly Maiden nke onye na-ese ihe na Japan bụ Urakawa Kōsa (浦川公佐) gosipụtara n'etiti narị afọ nke 19.

A na-eme abụ abụọ sitere na opera Huangmei Married to a Heavenly Fairy na Huangshan City, Anhui Province.

N'ime akụkọ ọdịnala ndị China, Dong Yong (Chinese: 董永; pinyin: Dǒng Yǒng; Wade–Giles: Tung3 Yung3) bụ otu n'ime ihe atụ Filial iri abụọ na anọ bụ ndị rere onwe ya ka ọ bụrụ ohu iji lie nna ya nwụrụ anwụ. N'ịbụ onye nsọpụrụ ofufe ya metụrụ ya n'ahụ, otu nwa agbọghọ eluigwe (nke a na-akpọkarị Fairy nke asaa n'oge a) bịara n'ụwa, lụọ ya ma gbanwee akụ ya.

Dong Yong nwere ike bụrụ ezigbo mmadụ sitere na usoro ndị eze Han (202 BC - 220 AD), na ahụrụ enyemaka eserese nke bu aha ya na saịtị nke Wu Family Shrines na narị afọ nke abụọ na Shandong Province. Ikekwe akụkọ ya malitere site n'abụ Cao Zhi (192-232) na akụkọ "akwụkwọ akụkọ" na ederede narị afọ nke anọ In Search of the Supernatural. .

N'ihi nkwenye obodo na Dong si n'ebe ha, obodo Xiaogan na Hubei Province nwetara aha ya site na akụkọ ya. Otú ọ dị, nsụgharị mbụ nke akụkọ ahụ niile dị na Shandong.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ihe ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme sitere na usoro ndị eze Han na-ekwu banyere otu Dong Yong bụ onye e meriri dị ka Marquis nke Gaochang (高昌侯) na 26 AD, mgbe nna ya napụrụ nna ya ikike nketa na 1 AD. Nna nna ya Dong Zhong (董忠) bụbu Marquis nke Gaochang na ezinụlọ ya.[1] Ihe akaebe izizi nke “filial Dong Yong”[2] sitere na Wu Family Shrines dị na Jiaxiang County, Shandong, nke dị na 151 AD, nke nwere ihe enyemaka eserese na-egosi Dong Yong na-elekọta nna ya n'ọhịa..

Ọchịchị Western Han hụrụ ịrị elu nke ememe ụmụ na China, na-eso mgbasa nke Classic of Filial Piety. N'okpuru usoro Xiaolian nke malitere na 134 BC, a na-ahọpụta ndị na-achọ ọfịs dabere na nsọpụrụ ha, nke a na-egosipụtakarị site na olili ozu na emume iru uju. Akụkọ ifo Dong Yong sitere n'oge a.

Ọganihu nke akụkọ ifo

Dong Yong na Nwa agbọghọ na-akpa ákwà

Ọ bụ ezie na akwụkwọ Buddha nke narị afọ nke asaa Fayuan Zhulin na-ekwu na Liu Xiang (77-6 BC) dere akụkọ banyere Dong Yong n'akwụkwọ akpọrọ The Biographies of Filial Sons (), Wilt L. Idema weere ya dị ka "ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume na Liu chịkọtara ọrụ dị otú ahụ". Kama nke ahụ, nsụgharị mbụ e dere nke akụkọ Dong Yong bụ ma eleghị anya uri Cao Zhi nke narị afọ nke atọ Numinous Mushroom (), nke nwere ahịrị asatọ na Dong. Na nsụgharị Cao, Dong na-abanye n'ụgwọ ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ iji nye nna ya "ihe oriri". Eluigwe na-agagharị, otu nwa agbọghọ dị n'eluigwe bịakwara ịrụ ọrụ maka ya.

Akụkọ ndụ mbụ nke Dong Yong pụtara na narị afọ nke anọ In Search of the Supernatural nke Gan Bao chịkọtara. Na nsụgharị a, Dong Yong tụfuru nne ya mgbe ọ dị obere. Mgbe ọ bụla ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ọhịa, ọ na-ebugharị nna ya na-eme agadi n'ụgbọ ịnyịnya gaa n'ọgbọ ka a ghara ileghara ya anya. Mgbe nna ya nwụrụ, Dong rere onwe ya n'ohu iji kwụọ ụgwọ olili ozu. N'ụzọ ọ na-aga nna ya ukwu, ọ zutere otu nwa agbọghọ nke gwara ya "Achọrọ m ịbụ nwunye gị. " Ha lụrụ di na nwunye na nwunye ya na-akpa otu narị eriri ákwà maka nna ya ukwu n'ime ụbọchị iri. Mgbe ọrụ ha gwụchara, nwa agbọghọ ahụ gwara Dong Yong, sị: "Abụ m Nwa agbọghọ na-akpa ákwà (zhinü) si n'Eluigwe. N'ihi nsọpụrụ dị ukwuu nke ụmụ gị, Eluigwe nyere m iwu ka m nyere gị aka ịkwụ ụgwọ gị". Ọ na-apụ ozugbo. N'ime narị afọ ndị sochirinụ, a ga-etinye nsụgharị a na nchịkọta dị iche iche nke akụkọ ndụ nke ụmụ.

N'ime narị afọ nke itoolu ma ọ bụ nke iri nke Bianwen ballad a chọtara n'etiti Ihe odide Dunhuang, Dong Yong nwere nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Dong Zhong () onye mechara gaa chọta nne ya site n'enyemaka nke onye na-akọ ọdịnihu. A na-ekwughachi ihe nchọgharị nne na "Dong Yong zutere onye na-adịghị anwụ anwụ" (), akụkọ dị ogologo nke Hong Bian chọtara n'etiti narị afọ nke iri na isii ma eleghị anya site na narị afọ nke ise ma ọ bụ tupu, nke nwa Dong Yong bụ onye amamihe Confucian a ma ama Dong Zhongshu (179-104 BC). N'akụkọ a, di na nwunye ahụ zutere ma pụọ n'okpuru osisi agụmakwụkwọ, nke Weaver Girl na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịbụ onye na-eme ha n'oge mbụ ha zutere. Dong Yong ghọrọ onye ọrụ mgbe o nyechara eze ukwu uwe elu nke Weaver Girl ma lụọ Fu Saijin, nwa nwanyị nna ya ukwu, mgbe Weaver girl laghachiri n'Eluigwe.

Akụkọ ifo Dong Yong nọgidere na-agbanwe mgbe ihe nkiri China malitere itolite na narị afọ nke iri na atọ. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na "Dong Yong Meets an Immortal" sitere na nanxi (ma ọ bụ xiwen). N'ime iberibe egwuregwu zaju sitere na nchịkọta nke narị afọ nke iri na isii, nne na nna ikpeazụ Dong Yong liri bụ nne ya karịa nna ya. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ihe nkiri niile nke chuanqi na-eme na-akpa uwe, na-Ịkpa ákwà silk, na-ere onwe ya, na-enweghị ọnwụ nke eluigwe () site n'Ọchịchị Ming (1368-1644) adịbeghị n'ihe odide zuru ezu, mana ha agbakwunyere na akụkọ ihe mere eme. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Weaving Brocade nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri aha ya bụ Gu Jueyu (), Fu Saijin bụ ezigbo enyi Weaver Girl n'ụwa, mana nwanne ya nwoke bụ onye na-agba akwụna nke na-anwa ime ihe na Weaver girl naanị iji nweta aka n'ihu. Nna ha bụzi onye isi aha ya bụ Fu Hua.

Dong Yong na Fairy nke asaa

Na-etolite n'otu oge na akụkọ ifo nke Dong Yong na Weaver Girl bụ akụkọ ifo nke Cowherd na Weaper Girl, akụkọ ịhụnanya ọzọ nwere mmalite mbụ. Ka ọ na-erule n'oge alaeze ukwu, mkpa ọ dị izere ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi n'akụkụ Weaver Girl mere ka ụfọdụ nsụgharị na-egosi Dong Yong dị ka anụ ahụ nke Cowherd Boy. Ihe ngwọta dị irè karị bụ ikewa akụkọ abụọ ahụ: Dong Yong's Weaver Girl ghọrọ onye kachasị nta n'ime Fairies asaa (dị ka Weaving Brocade, ) onye nwanne ya nwanyị nke okenye lụrụ Cowherd. Dị ka Wilt L. Idema na-akọwa, mmụba nke opera ndị China n'oge a keere òkè dị mkpa n'ịgbanwe akụkọ Confucian na akụkọ nkuzi a gaa n'akụkọ banyere ịhụnanya (ebe a ga-ewere ihe ngosi nke ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi dị ka nsogbu dị ukwuu):   N'ihi ya, "Weaver Girl" ma ọ bụ zhinü na akụkọ Dong Yong ka e ji nke Fairy nke asaa, nwa nwanyị nke asaa nke Jade Emperor dochie anya. "The Shady Scholartree" bụ wange (, ụdị abụ quyi ma ọ bụ akụkọ a na-abụ n'oge olili ozu) sitere na Hunan Province ma bụrụ nke afọ ikpeazụ nke usoro ndị eze Qing (1644-1911). N'ebe a, ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ na-esokwa na akụkọ ahụ: Fairy nke asaa na-enweta ihe nsure ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ site n'aka ha; mgbe ọ gbara ya ọkụ n'ụlọ Squire Fu, ụmụnne ya nwanyị isii rutere iji nyere ya aka ịkpa eriri iri n'otu abalị.

In early-20th-century New Culture Movement, filial piety came under attack as free love became dominant in popular culture. With the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 came a campaign to reform traditional plays. In 1953, Lu Hongfei (, also known as Hong Fei ) from Anhui Province came up with a new Huangmei opera version of the Dong Yong legend. Dong Yong's filial piety is mentioned "only in passing" and the Seventh Fairy is now marrying a mortal against her father's wishes! When Jade Emperor notices her absence, he demands her return; the Seventh Fairy reluctantly obeys him to save Dong Yong's life. Class struggle, the new concern of the times, was also emphasized by turning Squire Fu into an evil landlord and Dong Yong into an exploited peasant. In 1955, the new Huangmei opera was filmed as Married to a Heavenly Fairy (), starring Yan Fengying as the Seventh Fairy. The film enjoyed spectacular success throughout the Chinese-speaking world. Huangmei opera, previously a minor regional form of Chinese opera, was featured in many films in Hong Kong and Taiwan following its release. (The 1963 Hong Kong film A Maid from Heaven () starring Ivy Ling Po as Dong Yong is also a Huangmei opera adaptation of this tale.)

Dong Yong na omenala Zhuang

Akụkọ Dong Yong na Shanglin County na Mashan County na etiti Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, ebe ndị nna ukwu na ndị na-agụ egwú ha na-akọ akụkọ n'Asụsụ Zhuang n'oge pụrụ iche, dị nnọọ iche na nke dị na mpaghara Han Chinese. N'ebe a, akụkọ ahụ na-eme n'oge omenala bụ igbu ndị nne na nna na-arịa ọrịa siri ike ma soro ndị obodo ndị ọzọ rie anụ ha - omume Dong Yong kwụsịrị, akụkọ ahụ gara. Otu ụbọchị, mgbe ọ hụchara ọmụmụ na-egbu mgbu site n'aka anụ ọhịa bea (ma ọ bụ ewu), Dong Yong nwere nsogbu kwere nne ya nkwa na ọ gaghị eri ahụ ya mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. Ọ kwụsịrị iri anụ ndị ọzọ kama ọ kpọrọ nkụ, sịga, ma chekwaa akụkụ ndị e nyere ya. Mgbe, n'ikpeazụ nne ya dara ọrịa ma nwụọ, ọ liri ya na nzuzo n'ugwu. Mgbe ndị ikwu na ndị agbata obi bịara maka anụ ya, Dong Yong na-enye ha anụ ya a na-ese siga. Akụkọ ndị ọzọ banyere ya na-ere ọrụ ya maka olili ya n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na izute nwa agbọghọ ahụ dị n'eluigwe, yiri ka ọ sitere n'akụkọ ndị China. Onye nchọpụta David Holm, mgbe ọ nyochachara ihe odide Zhuang na Bouyei na Guizhou Province na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Guangxi, kwubiri: