Dot Cleminshaw
Dorothy Cleminshaw ( née Mullany ; 15 Septemba 1922 - 18 Disemba 2011) bụ onye na-akwado ikike obodo na South Africa na onye na-akwado ịkpa ókè agbụrụ . Onye otu Liberal Party nke South Africa, ọ bụ onye ama ama na Black Sash dị na Western Cape, nke a ma ama maka nyocha ya na nkwado ya gbasara njide ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ikike ite ime na nkwenye akọnuche ya .
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Cleminshaw na Cape Town na 15 Septemba 1922. [1] Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Ellerslie School na Sea Point . Ọ gara na mahadum South Africa, wee were nzere bachelọ nke Arts gụsịrị akwụkwọ. [2]
Ime ihe na nyocha
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Cleminshaw rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ mgbe ọ na-aga mahadum na ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ na Department of Defense na Pretoria n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ . [1] Mgbe agha ahụ biri, ya na di ya nwere ọkwa onye isi na ngalaba Cape Town nke Torch Commando, na-esonye na ngagharị iwe nke otu ahụ megide ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke nnochite anya ndị ịtụ vootu . [1] [2] Ọ ghọrọ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Civil Rights League na Liberal Party nke South Africa, bụ nke ọ sonyeere ego nchekwa na enyemaka ; ọ gara n'ihu na-achụso ụdị ọrụ a dị iche iche, ya na ezinụlọ ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, site na Black Sash, bụ nke o sonyere na 1963. [1] [3]
Ọrụ Cleminshaw mechara gụnyere stints na-arụ ọrụ na Institute of Race Relations, na Zonnebloem College, na South African Council of Higher Education n'okpuru Bill Hoffenberg . [1] Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị okpukpe onwe ya karịsịa, [2] ọ na-etinyekwa aka na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ndị Kraịst . [4] Na mgbakwunye na nkwado ya maka ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, a maara ya maka nyocha ya na nkwado ya gbasara iwu ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ikike ime ime, na Mgbasa Ozi Ọgwụgwụ . [2] [4] E jidere ya n'ọtụtụ oge, gụnyere dị ka onye akaebe n'ihu 1972 Schlebusch Commission na dịka onye nkesa, ya na Reverend David Russell, nke mkpesa 1977 na-arụrịta ụka banyere obi ọjọọ ndị uwe ojii na Nyanga . [3]
N'ọgwụgwụ 1977, Cleminshaw na di ya nọ na ezumike na United States na Britain mgbe e gburu onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa Steve Biko na njide ndị uwe ojii; Cleminshaw gwara ndị na-ege ntị na mba abụọ ahụ ka ha mara banyere ọnwụ na njide South Africa . [3] N'afọ 1981, a mara ya ikpe na ọ nwere nchịkọta akwụkwọ edemede Biko, M Dee Ihe masịrị m ; ọ nọrọ obere oge n'ụlọ mkpọrọ Pollsmoor tupu a kagbuo ikpe ya. [1]
Mgbe njedebe nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ gasịrị, Cleminshaw tinyere aka na otu ọrụ na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ maka nkwụghachi ụgwọ yana mgbasa ozi ka ukwuu maka nkwụghachi maka ndị e merụrụ n'oge apartheid mmebi ikike mmadụ . [3] Na 2003, ọ gwara Mail & Guardian na ọ megidere mgbaghara n'ozuzu maka ndị na-eme ụdị mmetọ dị otú ahụ, na-ekwu, "Ma eleghị anya, anyị gaara enwe akwụkwọ ikpe n'ụdị Nuremberg, na-etinyekwa ndị ọjọọ n'ihu ụlọ ikpe". [5]
Ndụ onwe na ọnwụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ ndị 1950, ọ lụrụ Harry Cleminshaw, onye nwụnahụrụ ya. Ha mụrụ ụmụ na ụmụ ụmụ. [2] Otu nnukwu ịwa ahụ azụ dara ya obere ka ọ gachara 1982, [1] mana ọ gara n'ihu n'ịrụ ọrụ ya ma bipụtakwa onwe ya memoirs banyere itinye aka ya na mgbochi agha, mmegide ndị uwe ojii, na mkpọsa ime ime. [4]
O biri na Newlands, Cape Town ruo mgbe o mere agadi, ọ kwagara n'ebe nwa ya nwoke na nwunye nwa ya biri. [4] Ọ nwụrụ na 18 Disemba 2011 mgbe ọ rịasịrị ọrịa ogologo oge. [2]
Nkwanye ugwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na 2002, [4] Cleminshaw nwetara nzere Master of Social Science site na Mahadum Cape Town maka ntinye aka ya na nkwado ikike mmadụ. [1] N'afọ 2010, Onye isi ala South Africa Jacob Zuma nyere ya Order of Luthuli na Silver "maka ezigbo ntinye aka ya na mgba maka obodo nha anya, ikpe ziri ezi na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya". [6]
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Dorothy Cleminshaw. South African History Online (2 September 2019). Retrieved on 2023-10-29.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Veteran activist Cleminshaw dies at 89", Cape Times, 20 December 2011. Retrieved on 29 October 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 Dorothy "Dot" Cleminshaw. The Presidency. Archived from the original on 2023-11-03. Retrieved on 2023-10-29.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Burton (December 2011). "Obituary: Dot Cleminshaw (1922 – 2011)". Concord: 14. Retrieved on 29 October 2023.
- ↑ Final TRC report to be handed to president (en-ZA). The Mail & Guardian (2003-03-19). Retrieved on 2023-10-29.
- ↑ National Orders awards April 2010. South African Government. Retrieved on 2016-06-23.