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Ellen Kate Limouzin

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Ellen Kate Limouzin (27 Ọktoba 1870 - 21 June 1950) bụ onye Britain suffragette,onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị, onye na-eme ụlọ egwu, onye ode akwụkwọ na ọkà okwu Esperanto. Ọ bụ nwanne nwanne onye ode akwụkwọ George Orwell, a makwaara ya dị ka "Nellie" ma ọ bụ "Hélène".

Ndụ mbido

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A mụrụ Limouzin na 1870 na Moulmein, Burma, ebe ọ nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata. Ọ bụ ọkara French na ọkara Bekee.[1] Nwanne Limouzin nke obere Ida Mabel Blair (née Limouzin) ghọrọ nne Eric Arthur Blair, nke a maara nke ọma dị ka George Orwell.[2] Mgbe ha si Burma kwaga Britain, Limouzin na ụmụnne ya nwanyị gara Bedford High School site na Septemba 1886. [3]

Mgbalị na ọrụ na Britain

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A kọwawo Limouzin dị ka "eccentric," "bohemian" [1] na "radical".[4]

Na London, ọ na-eduzi ụlọ akwụkwọ edemede, [1] mgbe e bipụtara mbipụta ọhụrụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ na 1916 site na Oxford University Press (Cranford na Scenes of Clerical Life), Limouzin nyere nkọwa mmeghe. [5] Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Ụlọ nzukọ egwu, na-ewere aha "Elaine Limouzin". Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ntụrụndụ Vaudeville na egwuregwu ụmụ nwanyị na-atọ ọchị. [6][7][8]

Limouzin kwalitere ọbụbụenyi ya na ọtụtụ ndị aka ekpe, ndị ode akwụkwọ na ndị mgbasa ozi, dị ka Edith Nesbit, Conrad Noel, Emmeline Pankhurst, Sylvia Pankhurst[9] [1] Francis Westrope na Myfanwy Westrope. [10] E nwere foto ya na ụmụnne nwanyị Pankhurst na-enweghị ụbọchị, nke e sere c. 1906-1909 na Embankment na London.[5]

Limouzin kwadoro mgbasa ozi maka inye ụmụ nwanyị ikike ma gaa nzukọ maka ịhọpụta ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ kechiri onwe ya n'ụgbụgbọ okporo ígwè n'oge ngagharị iwe a na-eme ntuli aka ma a nwụchiri ya ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ n'ihi ọgụ ike ya.[1] [4] [5] O tinyere aka na Njikọ nke Franchise Actresses, òtù ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ịhọpụta ụmụ nwanyị mepere emepe nye nwanyị ọ bụla nọ ma ọ bụ nọbu na ọrụ ihe nkiri. Ọ bụkwa onye otu Fabian Society. [9] .[11] [<span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2025)">page<span typeof="mw:Entity">&nbsp;</span>needed</span>]

Esperanto

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Limouzin mụtara Esperanto, asụsụ enyemaka mba ụwa a na-asụkarị n'ụwa. Ọ sonyeere òtù ndị na-akwado aka ekpe Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda (SAT, English: World Anational Association) ozugbo e guzobere ya na 1921.[1] Ọ zutere onye guzobere otu ahụ na onye Esperantist ibe ya Eugène Adam, nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Eugène Lanti, mgbe ha abụọ gara nzukọ nke Ngalaba Kọmunist n'oge 3rd SAT Congress na Kassel, Germany na 1923.[12] Dị ka Limouzin, ọ bụ onye Kọmunist raara onwe ya nye, ọ bụkwa onye na-eme mgbanwe na Petrograd n'oge mgbanwe Russia na 1917. [13] Di na nwunye ahụ bi ọnụ dị ka ndị enyi site na 1926, wee lụọ na 1931 na Paris.[14][15][2] Mgbe ya na Lanti bi na Paris n'oge les Années folles, Limouzin nyere aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike, dee akwụkwọ ozi na akwụkwọ akụkọ ma dee isiokwu na Esperanto site na iji aha nzuzo E.K.L.[5]

Na mbido 1928, nwa nwanne Limouzin George Orwell kwagara biri na Paris. Ọ gbara ọrụ edemede ya ume, [16] na-enye ya nkwado ọha na eze, nkwado ego na nri mgbe ọ na-ede. [17] Orwell zutere ndị otu French intelligenzia site na ya, gụnyere Henri Barbusse, na kọntaktị ndị a dugara n'ihe odide mbụ Orwell bipụtara. [18][19][20] Mgbe Orwell gara ileta nwanne nne ya na onye ga-abụ di ya Lanti, di na nwunye ahụ kwurịtara Esperanto n'ụlọ ka Lanti jụrụ ikwu French.[21] Orwell tara ahụhụ dị ka onye na-adịghị asụ Esperanto ma zụlite enweghị mmasị siri ike maka asụsụ ahụ. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta Orwell atụwo aro na nke a bụ ihe mere o ji tinye akụkụ Esperanto n'asụsụ "Newspeak" o mepụtara na akwụkwọ Akụkọ ya na-emegide ọchịchị aka ike, Nineteen Eighty-Four.[1][22][23]

Mgbe Orwell laghachiri England, Limouzin nyeere nwa nwanne ya nwoke aka ịchọta ọrụ nwa oge na Booklovers' Corner na Hampstead, ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ nke ndị enyi ya Westropes.[10] [4]

Ọnwụ

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Di Limouzin Lanti nwụrụ site na igbu onwe ya na Mexico na 1947, na-ahapụ akwụkwọ ozi na-arịọ ndị lanarịrị ya ka ha gwa onye nnọchi anya France ozi na iziga pesos 750 nye Limouzin "dị ka nwunye m nke iwu kwadoro."[11] [<span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2025)">page<span typeof="mw:Entity">&nbsp;</span>needed</span>]

Limouzin nwụrụ site na ọbara ọgbụgba n'ime akpụ nke ụbụrụ ya na 1950. [6]

Hụkwa

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  • Anarchism na Esperanto

Edensibia

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Karp (2023-05-18). George Orwell and Russia (in en). Bloomsbury Publishing, 4-5, 7-8. ISBN 978-1-78831-714-6. 
  2. 1 2 Duby. Elaine Limouzin. Theatricalia. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.Duby, Peter. "Elaine Limouzin". Theatricalia. Retrieved 22 February 2025.
  3. ↑ Orwell & Bedford (en-AU). Darcy Moore. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.
  4. 1 2 3 Newsinger (2024-06-26). 2+2=5: George Orwell and Soviet Communism (en-GB). International Socialism. Archived from the original on 28 July 2024. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Orwell's Family: Aunt Nellie (en-AU). Darcy Moore. Retrieved on 2025-02-22."Orwell's Family: Aunt Nellie". Darcy Moore. Retrieved 22 February 2025.
  6. 1 2 Moore (2020-01-01). "Orwell's Aunt Nellie". George Orwell Studies 4 (2): 30–44. 
  7. ↑ Meyers (2010-10-01). Orwell: Life and Art (in en). University of Illinois Press, 50. ISBN 978-0-252-09022-6. 
  8. ↑ Cockin (2001). Women and Theatre in the Age of Suffrage: The Pioneer Players 1911-1925 (in en). Palgrave. ISBN 978-0-312-23764-6. 
  9. 1 2 Kean (2000). Seeing History: Public History in Britain Now (in en). Francis Boutle, 42–43. ISBN 978-0-9532388-9-7. 
  10. 1 2 At Bonhams: Orwell's Copy of "Keep the Aspidistra Flying" Presented to a Bookseller (en). Fine Books Magazine. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.
  11. 1 2 Schor (2016-10-04). Bridge of Words: Esperanto and the Dream of a Universal Language (in en). Macmillan + ORM. ISBN 978-1-4299-4341-3. 
  12. ↑ McElvenny (2018-01-09). Language and Meaning in the Age of Modernism: C.K. Ogden and His Contemporaries (in en). Edinburgh University Press, 105. ISBN 978-1-4744-2504-9. 
  13. ↑ Newsinger (1999-01-17). Orwell's Politics (in en). Springer, 21. ISBN 978-0-333-98360-7. 
  14. ↑ Edwards (2013-07-25). Sociolinguistics: A Very Short Introduction (in en). OUP USA, 94. ISBN 978-0-19-985861-3. 
  15. ↑ Biografio de Lanti, la sennaciisto (Esperanto). www.delbarrio.eu. Archived from the original on 15 June 2025. Retrieved on 2025-06-15.
  16. ↑ McGoogan (2024-08-24). Shadows of Tyranny: Defending Democracy in an Age of Dictatorship (in en). Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 978-1-77162-425-1. 
  17. ↑ Connelly (2018-11-09). George Orwell: A Literary Companion (in en). McFarland, 8. ISBN 978-1-4766-6677-8. 
  18. ↑ Re-examining? (en-GB). The Orwell Society (2020-02-08). Archived from the original on 26 February 2025. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.
  19. ↑ Ingle (2006-04-18). The Social and Political Thought of George Orwell: A Reassessment (in en). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-24776-9. 
  20. ↑ Rodden (2012-06-07). The Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell (in en). Cambridge University Press, 12. ISBN 978-0-521-76923-5. 
  21. ↑ Garvia (2015-04-22). Esperanto and Its Rivals: The Struggle for an International Language (in en). University of Pennsylvania Press, 1. ISBN 978-0-8122-9127-8. 
  22. ↑ Esperanto literature: Translated and Original Literature, Fiction and Non-fiction, in the international language Esperanto. Esperanto Boutique. Archived from the original on 15 June 2025. Retrieved on 2025-02-22.
  23. ↑ Borjian (2017). Language and Globalization: An Autoethnographic Approach (in en). Taylor & Francis, 155. ISBN 978-1-315-39461-9. 
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