Gaa na ọdịnaya

Françoise Hardy

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ
Françoise Hardy
Hardy na 1966
Born
Françoise Madeleine Hardy

Paris, France
Died
Paris, France
Occupation
  • Singer-songwriter
  • astrologer
  • writer
  • actress
Years active1962–2021
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1981; sep. 1988)​
ChildrenThomas Dutronc
Musical career
Genres
Instrument
  • Vocals
  • guitar
Labels
Websitefrancoise-hardy.com
Signature

Françoise Madeleine Hardy; (17 Jenụwarị 1944 – 11 Juun 2024) bụ onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede abụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye edemede nke sị mba France. A maara ya maka ịbụ abụ ndị na-atọ ọchị ma na-akpali akpali. Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama na mbido afọ 1960 dịka onye isi na French yé-yé egwu wee bụrụ akara omenala na France na mba ụwa. E wezụga asụsụ French nke obodo ya, ọ na-abụkwa abụ n'asụsụ Bekee, Itali, na German. Ọrụ egwu ya ruru ihe karịrị afọ iri ise, e wepụtakwara ihe karịrị album studio iri atọ. Ọ nọchitekwara anya Monaco na Eurovision Song Contest 1963.

A mụrụ ma zụlite ya na 9th arrondissement of Paris, Hardy mere egwu mbụ ya na 1962 na ụlọ ọrụ French Disques Vogue wee nweta ihe ịga nke ọma ozugbo site na egwu "Tous les garçons et les filles". Site n'ịhapụ mmetụta mbụ ya rock and roll, ọ malitere idekọ ihe na London na 1964, nke nyere ya ohere ịgbasa ụda ya site na abọm dịka Mon amie la rose, L'amitié, La maison où j'ai grandi, na Ma jeunesse fout le camp.... N'ọgwụgwụ afọ 1960 na mmalite afọ 1970, o wepụtara Comment te dire adieu, La question, na Message personnel. N'oge a, ya na ndị na-ede egwu dịka Serge Gainsbourg, Tuca, Patrick Modiano, Michel Berger, na Catherine Lara rụrụ ọrụ. N'agbata afọ 1977 na 1988, ya na onye mmepụta Gabriel Yared rụkọrọ ọrụ na abọm ndị Star, Musique saoûle, Gin Tonic, na À suivre. Ndekọ ya nke afọ 1988 Décalages a kpọsara ya dị ka abọm ikpeazụ ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọ lọghachiri afọ asatọ ka e mesịrị na Le danger, nke mere ka ụda ya dị ka nke siri ike alternative rock. Abọm ndị na-esochi ya nke afọ 2000 — Clair-obscur, Tant de belles choses, na (Parenthèses...) — ahụla ka ọ laghachiri n'ụdị dị nro ya. N'afọ 2010, Hardy wepụtara abọm atọ ikpeazụ ya: La pluie sans parapluie, L'amour fou, na Personne d'autre.

Na mgbakwunye na egwu, Hardy nwetara ọrụ ihe nkiri dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akwado na Château en Suède, Une balle au cœur, na mmepụta nke Amerịka Grand Prix. Ọ ghọrọ ihe ngosi maka ndị na-emepụta ejiji dịka André Courrèges, Yves Saint Laurent, na Paco Rabanne, ma soro onye na-ese foto Jean-Marie Périer rụkọọ ọrụ. Hardy zụlitere ọrụ dịka onye na-agụ kpakpando, ebe o dere ọtụtụ ihe gbasara isiokwu a site na afọ 1970 gaa n'ihu. Ọ bụkwa onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ ifo na akwụkwọ akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo site na afọ 2000. Akụkọ ndụ ya, Le désespoir des singes...et autres bagatelles (The Despair of Monkeys...and Other Trifles), bụ nke kacha ree ahịa na Frans.

Dịka onye ọha na eze, a maara Hardy maka ihere ya, enweghị mmasị na ndụ ndị ama ama, na àgwà iwe onwe onye, nke e kwuru na ọ bụ ya mere o ji na-alụ ọgụ ná ndụ ya niile na nchegbu na enweghị ntụkwasị obi. Ọ lụrụ onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede abụ nke France Jacques Dutronc na 1981. Nwa ha nwoke, Thomas, ghọkwara onye egwu. Hardy ka bụ otu n'ime ndị na-abụ abụ kacha ere ahịa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị France, a ka na-ahụkwa ya dị ka onye dị mkpa ma nwee mmetụta n'ihe gbasara egwu pop French na ejiji. Na 2006, e nyere ya onyinye Grande médaille de la chanson française, onyinye nsọpụrụ nke e nyere site n'aka ndị Académie française, iji gosi ọrụ ya n'egwu. Hardy nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa na Paris na June 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80.

Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ mbụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A zụlitere Hardy n'ụlọ dị obere n'akụkụ Rue d'Aumale, na Paris 9th arrondissement

A mụrụ Françoise Madeleine Hardy na Jenụwarị 17, 1944 na Marie-Louise Clinic dị na 9th arrondissement nke Paris na France nke ndị Germany weghaara n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.[1] A mụrụ ya n'oge mwakpo ikuku, windo ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ gbawara.[2] O kwuru na a mụrụ ya n'ọnọdụ ime ihe ike nke kpatara "àgwà ya nke nwere nchekasị" mgbe ọ bụ okenye.[2] A mụrụ nwanne ya nwanyị nke nta, Michèle, ọnwa iri na asatọ ka e mesịrị[3] na nne ha, Madeleine Hardy (c.1921–1991[1]), onye si n'ezinụlọ nkịtị, zụlitere Françoise na Michèle dị ka nne ma ọ bụ nna naanị ya.[3] Nna ya, Étienne Dillard, bụ nwoke lụrụ nwunye, onye si n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya. O meghị ihe ọ bụla iji nyere ha aka n'ụzọ ego, ọ bụkwa onye na-anọghị ya n'oge a zụlitere ha,[3][4] naanị ileta ụmụaka ugboro ole na ole n'afọ.[5] Nne Hardy zụlitere ụmụ ya nwanyị n'ụlọ dị obere n'ime Rue d'Aumale nke dị n'ógbè nke itoolu.[3] Hardy enweghị obi ụtọ ma nwee nsogbu mgbe ọ bụ nwata[5] ma na-etinye aka n'ihe omume naanị ya dịka ịgụ akwụkwọ, igwu egwu na nwa bebi, ma ọ bụ ige redio.[6]

N'ihi nrụgide nna ha, ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ gara n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik a na-akpọ Institution La Bruyère, n'okpuru nlekọta nke ndị nọn Trinitarian.[1] Ọdịiche dị n'etiti Hardy na ụmụ klas ya na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ ihe kpatara enweghị ntụkwasị obi ruo ndụ ya niile.[3] Nne nne ya mere ka ahụike uche ya ka njọ,[1][3] onye "gwara ya ugboro ugboro na [ọ] dịghị mma ma dịkwa njọ nke ukwuu".[7] N'agbata afọ 1952 na 1960, a na-eziga Hardy na nwanne ya nwanyị n'Ọstria kwa oge okpomọkụ ka ha mụọ asụsụ German, onye hụrụ nne ya n'anya ọhụrụ, onye onye isi Austria gbara ya ume.[8] Nna ya na-akpọ piano, e wee mee ka Hardy mụta piano mgbe ọ bụ nwata, nke ọ kwụsịrị mgbe ọ hụrụ egwu n'elu ikpo okwu mgbe a chọrọ ka ọ mee ihe ngosi n'elu ikpo okwu na Salle Gaveau.[9]

Mgbe Hardy dị afọ iri na isii, ọ gụchara akwụkwọ sekọndrị wee gafere baccalauréat.[9] Iji mee emume ahụ, nna ya jụrụ ya onyinye ọ ga-achọ, o wee họrọ gita, nke o ji malite ịbụ abụ nke ya.[9] N'ịgbaso iwu nne ya, o debanyere aha na Paris Institute of Political Studies mgbe ọ ka dị afọ iri na ụma,[9] mana ọ hụrụ na ọ siri ike nke ukwuu, ọ hapụrụ Institute ahụ wee debanye aha na Sorbonne iji mụọ asụsụ German.[10] Hardy jiri oge fọdụrụ n'ọmụmụ ihe ya dee egwu[9] wee malite ime ihe nkiri n'otu obere ebe egwuregwu, ebe ọ na-akpọ egwu kwa Tọzde "n'ihu ndị lara ezumike nka".[11] N'oge a, ọ gara nyocha maka aha ndekọ Pathé-Marconi mgbe ọ hụrụ mgbasa ozi na France-Soir.[11] A jụrụ ya, mana obi dị ya ụtọ na o dọtara uche ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo ogologo oge karịa ka ọ tụrụ anya ya.[11] Obi gbakwara ya ume mgbe ọ nụrụ olu ya e tinyere na edekọ, nke o chere na ọ "adịghị mma ma dịkwa egwu karịa ka [ọ] tụrụ anya ya".[9]

Ọrụ egwu

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

1961–1962: Mmalite ọrụ ya

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Hardy gara Philips Records, ebe a tụrụ aro ka ọ mụta ịkụ abụ nke ọma.[11] Ọ sonyere ule nbata nke Le Petit Conservatoire de la chanson na 1961, ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ndị na-eme ihe ngosi nke a na-agbasa na redio na telivishọn.[11][12] Onye isi mmemme ahụ, Mireille Hartuch, bụ onye a maara nke ọma maka ịhọrọ ndị sonyere nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ hụrụ Hardy ka ọ na-abanye n’ụlọ klas, ọ nabatara ya ozugbo ọbụna tupu ọ kpọọ egwu ma ọ bụ bụrụọ abụ.[11] Ha mechara nwee mmekọrịta yiri nke nne na nwa nwanyị, yana ọbụbụenyi dabere n’ịkwanyere ibe ha ùgwù.[11]

N’ụbọchị 14 Mee 1961, Hardy sonyere ule nbata maka ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu France Disques Vogue.[13] Ọdịdị ya dọtara mmasị onye injinia ụda ha André Bernot, onye chere na ọ “ga-adị mma n’elu mkpuchi ndekọ egwu”, ma kwere nkwa ịkụziri ya tiori egwu iji meziwanye nghọta ya banyere oge na ụda egwu.[13] Bernot mechara dekọọ obere demo nwere egwu anọ ya na ya, nke o nyefere onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ Jacques Wolfsohn.[13] Wolfsohn na-achọ nwanyị ga-abụ abụ Oh oh chéri, ụdị French nke egwu "Uh Oh" nke Bobby Lee Trammell dere ma bụrụọ.[9][13] Mgbe Hardy mechara ule nbata, Wolfsohn nyere ya nkwekọrịta ọrụ otu afọ,[9] nke ọ bịanyere aka na ya n’ụbọchị 14 Novemba 1961.[13]

Mgbe Hartuch nụrụ banyere nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ Hardy, ọ kpọrọ ya ka ọ pụta na mmemme telivishọn Petit Conservatoire na 6 Febrụwarị 1962.[5][14] Hardy jiri gita bụrụọ egwu mbụ ya dere onwe ya, La fille avec toi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị a jụrụ ya ihe okwu Bekee yeah! yeah! dị n’abụ ya pụtara.[14][9]

Mgbe e mesịrị, ntụgharịasụsụ ahụ bụ yé-yé ghọrọ okwu a ma ama site n’ọrụ onye ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya Edgar Morin, n’isiokwu e bipụtara na Le Monde na 7 Julaị 1963, ebe ọ nyochara mmepe ngwa ngwa nke egwu pop ndị ntorobịa na-edu.[15][16] Aha yé-yé sitere na mmemme redio Salut les copains, nke Daniel Filipacchi kere, yana magazin nke otu aha ahụ.[15][17]

1962–1963: Mmasị Yé-yé

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Hardy na Grand Gala du Disque na Netherlands, Ọktoba 1963

Izute Princess Margriet na onye nchịkwa egwuregwu Jaap van Praag.
Ịnata Edison Award n’otu “Ndị Ntorobịa” n’aka odee na onye ama ama telivishọn Godfried Bomans.

Vogue wepụtara extended play (EP) mbụ Hardy na Mee 1962, nke gụnyere "Oh oh chéri" tinyere abụ ndị o dere n’onwe ya bụ "Il est parti un jour", "J'suis d'accord" na abụ ịhụnanya na-emetụ n’obi "Tous les garçons et les filles".[18] N’isi Ọktoba, Hardy sere music video ojii na ọcha maka "Tous les garçons et les filles", nke Pierre Badel duziri ma gosipụta ya na mmemme telivishọn Toute la chanson.[13] Abụ ahụ bụ nhọrọ Hardy, yana nke onye nrụpụta mmemme ahụ André Salvet, n’agbanyeghị na Wolfsohn enweghị mmasị ịkwalite ya.[13] A kpọbatara Hardy n’ihu ndị na-ekiri telivishọn ka ukwuu na 28 Ọktoba mgbe e gosipụtara vidio ahụ ọzọ n’oge ezumike mgbasa ozi n’etiti mgbasa nsonaazụ nke ntuli aka ntụgharị uche onye isi ala France nke 1962.[4][19][20]

Abụ ahụ ghọrọ ihe a ma ama ngwa ngwa n’etiti ndị ntorobịa France, ọkachasị ụmụ agbọghọ nọ n’afọ iri na ụma, ma malitekwa ịkpọ ya ugboro ugboro n’ụlọ ọrụ redio, karịsịa na Europe n° 1.[18] E mechakwara mee ka "Tous les garçons et les filles" bụrụ ihe a ma ama site na vidio Scopitone nke Claude Lelouch duziri.[20]

Vogue wepụtara ngwa ngwa EP abụọ ọzọ nke abụ Hardy. E mesịrị, a chịkọtara ha na EP mbụ ahụ wee bụrụ album studio mbụ ya, nke a maara dịka Tous les garçons et les filles.[21] Na France, a na-ele usoro LP anya n’oge ahụ dịka ihe a na-enyo enyo.[22] N’ihi ya, album mbụ Hardy bụkarị nchịkọta nke 7-inch record anọ a tọhapụrụ mbụ,[23] usoro a maara dịka "super 45 [rpm]".[9][21] Ọtụtụ n’ime album ogologo ya enweghị aha pụrụ iche; naanị aha ya ka e dere n’elu mkpuchi, ma a na-akpọkarị ha site n’aha abụ kachasị ewu ewu dị na nchịkọta ahụ.[24][25]

Album studio mbụ Hardy nwetara Trophée de la Télévision yana onyinye a ma ama nke Grand Prix du Disque nke Académie Charles Cros na-enye.[21] Ka ọ na-erule mbido 1963, e rerela ndekọ 500,000 nke "Tous les garçons et les filles" na France,[26] ma ọnụọgụ ahụ ruru nde 2.5 n’ime ọnwa ole na ole sochirinụ.[20]

Abụ Hardy ndị bụ "J'suis d'accord", "Le temps de l'amour", na "Tous les garçons..." nọ n’elu chaatị abụ ndị kacha ere na France na ngwụcha 1962 na mbido 1963.[27]

O binyere nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ afọ ise na Vogue yana nkwekọrịta na Editions Musicales Alpha, ụlọ ọrụ Wolfsohn guzobere.[20] O zutere Michel Bourdais, onye na-ese ihe na-emepụta atụmatụ nke Charles Aznavour chọpụtara n’oge na-adịbeghị anya,[28] onye kere ihe osise mbụ Françoise Hardy. Hardy, nke ihe osise ahụ masịrị nke ukwuu, zụtara ya.[29]

Na Maachị 1963, Hardy nọchitere anya Monaco na Eurovision Song Contest 1963, nke e dere na London. O rụrụ abụ "L'amour s'en va", nke mechara bụrụ nke ise n’asọmpi ahụ. Mgbe e wepụtara ya dịka single, ọ ruru ọnọdụ nke ise na chaatị France na Juun 1963.[30]

Na Ọktoba, Hardy wepụtara album studio nke abụọ ya, Le premier bonheur du jour.[16] N’ọnwa ahụkwa, ọ natara Edison Award n’otu “Ndị Ntorobịa” na Grand Gala du Disque na Scheveningen, Netherlands.[21] Onye odee Godfried Bomans nyere ya onyinye ahụ ma too ya dịka “onye nka nwere okike” nke maara otú e si wulite “usoro nke ya pụrụ iche n’enweghị iṅomi ndị America”.[21]

Hardy na-abata na Barcelona na 1963, ebe Luis Calvo, onye nduzi mba ụwa nke Hispavox, nabatara ya

Dị ka otu n’ime ndị isi nke mgbasa yé-yé, Hardy ghọrọ otu n’ime ndị kacha pụta ìhè n’egwu France ma bụrụkwa nwanyị na-abụ abụ France kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa mba ọzọ.[5]

Malite na 1963, e bugara ndekọ ọhụrụ nke "Tous les garçons et les filles" a sụgharịrị n’asụsụ Italian, German na Bekee n’ahịa mba ndị ọzọ.[26] Mba mbụ na-abụghị nke na-asụ French ebe Hardy nwetara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma bụ Italy, ebe a kpọrọ abụ ahụ "Quelli della mia età" ma ree ndekọ 255,000. Ọ nọ n’elu chaatị single site na Eprel ruo Ọktoba, ma e wezụga n’etiti Julaị na Ọgọstụ mgbe Rita Pavone ji "Cuore" gafee ya.[31]

Na ngwụcha oge ọkọchị na Milan, Hardy dekọrọ abụ ọhụrụ[31] ndị e tinyere na album Italian ya Françoise Hardy canta per voi in italiano.[32] Single "L'età dell'amore" / "E all'amore che penso" ruru kwa n’elu chaatị Italy.[31]

1964–1968: Ịghọ kpakpando a ma ama n’ụwa niile

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy na 1964

Na 1963, Hardy gara London ka ọ dekọọ egwu ọhụrụ.[7] N’oge British Invasion nọ n’elu ewu ewu ya, Hardy chọrọ ime ka ụdị egwu ya bụrụ nke oge a,[33] ya mere ọ kpebiri ịhapụ ogo adịghị mma nke ụlọ ndekọ na ndị injinia ụda France ma dekọọ egwu ya na ụlọ ọrụ Pye Records.[34] Mgbe ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na onye nrụpụta egwu Tony Hatch na Febrụwarị 1964, ọ dekọrọ EP nke gụnyere ụdị ọhụrụ nke "Catch a Falling Star" yana mmegharị atọ nke egwu ya ndị a ma ama: "Find Me a Boy" ("Tous les garçons et les filles"), "Only Friends" ("Ton meilleur ami"), na "I Wish It Were Me" ("J'aurais voulu").[31]

Ndị na-ege egwu na England mbụ họọrọ egwu ya ndị e dere n’asụsụ French,[31] ebe "Tous les garçons et les filles" batara na UK Singles Chart na 1 Julaị 1964 n’ọnọdụ nke iri atọ na isii.[35]

Egwu ya nke Bekee nke 1965, "All Over the World", ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na United Kingdom, rutere n’ime Top 20 ma nọrọ na chaatị ahụ izu iri na ise.[36] Ọ gara nke ọma kwa na South Africa, Australia, na New Zealand,[33] nke mere ka o kwe omume ịbụ ndekọ egwu ya kacha ewu ewu n’etiti ndị na-asụ Bekee.[36]

Na 1965, Hardy gara New York iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ egwu na Kapp maka nkesa ndekọ egwu ya na United States.[37] Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ wepụtara albọm studio mbụ ya n’okpuru aha The "Yeh-Yeh" Girl From Paris! yana egwu otu "However Much", ụdị Bekee nke egwu e bipụtarala mbụ, "Et même...".[37] A tọhapụrụkwa albọm asụsụ German In Deutschland, nke nwere egwu ise o dere n’onwe ya na nsụgharị German nke ụfọdụ egwu ya gara aga.[37] Egwu kacha ewu ewu ya na Germany bụ "Frag' den Abendwind", nke nọrọ na chaatị egwu mba ahụ izu iri abụọ na anọ.[37]

Hardy na 1966

Na 12 Eprel 1966, Hardy so n’ime ndị na-eme ihe ngosi iri anọ na isii sonyere na foto otu nke Jean-Marie Périer sere maka Salut Les Copains. Foto ahụ ghọrọ akara ngosi nke oge yé-yé ma mesịa bụrụ nke a maara na France dịka "foto nke narị afọ" (French: photo du siècle).[4][38]

Malite na ngwụcha afọ 1967, Hardy soro ndụmọdụ Wolfsohn wee malite ịtọhapụ ndekọ egwu ya site n’ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ya nke onwe ya, Asparagus, n’agbanyeghị na Vogue gara n’ihu na-ekesa ha.[39] O mechara kwaa ụta maka mkpebi ahụ, na-ekwu na 1999: "Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Vogue, Léon Cabat, sonyekwara na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta a, ma n’etiti ha, ha nwere ọtụtụ n’ime òkè ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Nke a kpatara ọtụtụ ikpe na esemokwu gbasara mmegbu na nrụgide.|source=Hardy, 1999}}

[39]

Albọm French nke asaa ya, Ma jeunesse fout le camp, nke bụ nke mbụ e mepụtara n’okpuru Asparagus, pụtara na Nọvemba 1967.[39]

Site na ndụmọdụ onye nrụpụta egwu Bekee Noel Rodgers, Hardy dekọrọ albọm Bekee nke abụọ ya n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1968. A maara albọm ahụ n’aha dị iche iche dịka En anglais, The Second English Album, Will You Love Me Tomorrow, na Loving, dabere na mba e bipụtara ya.[40]

Na 1968, Hardy wepụtara ụdị French nke egwu Vera Lynn "It Hurts to Say Goodbye", nke a kpọrọ "Comment te dire adieu", n’ime albọm nke otu aha ahụ. Serge Gainsbourg dere okwu French nke egwu ahụ, ma ọ ghọrọ otu n’ime ọrụ ya kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma.[41]

1969–1976: Ntughari gaa n'ogo nka tozuru etozu

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy na Amsterdam, Disemba 1969

N'afọ 1970, ọ kwụsịrị mmekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ahụ ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na Sonopresse, nke bụ ngalaba nke Hachette.[42] Ọ mekwara ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta egwu ọhụrụ a kpọrọ Hypopotam ma guzobe ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta egwu nke ya nke a kpọrọ Kundalini.[42] Hardy natara nnukwu ego n'ihu site na Sonopresse, nke nyere ya ohere ịkwado ọrụ ya n'onwe ya.[43] O mechara kọwaa oge a dịka "oge kacha nwee obi ụtọ" n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ n'egwu ya n'enweghị nnukwu njide sitere n'aka ndị ọzọ.[42] Oge mgbanwe a n'ọrụ ya malitere site n'ịpụta ọtụtụ album nchịkọta n'afọ 1970, gụnyere album French Françoise, yana album studio One-Nine-Seven-Zero, nke e dere n'asụsụ Bekee, na Träume, nke ghọrọ album ikpeazụ ya n'asụsụ German.[42]

Album studio French mbụ e mepụtara n'okpuru Hypopotam bụ Soleil  [fr], nke ewepụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1970.[44] Album ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-ahazi egwu, gụnyere Bernard Estardy, Jean-Claude Vannier, Jean-Pierre Sabar, Mick Jones, Saint-Preux, Simon Napier-Bell, na Tommy Brown nke otu Nero and the Gladiators.[45][46]

N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1970, Hardy wepụtara otu egwu Italian nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke ikpeazụ ya, "Lungo il mare", nke Giuseppe Torrebruno, Luigi Albertelli na Donato Renzetti dere.[44] Otu egwu a na nke sochirinụ, nke nwere nsụgharị Italian nke "Soleil" ("Sole ti amo") na "Le crabe" ("Il granchio"), enwebeghị nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa.[44] Ọ deberekwa egwu n'asụsụ Spanish maka oge mbụ ya, maka otu egwu nwere nsụgharị Spanish nke "Soleil" ("Sol") na "J'ai coupé le téléphone" ("Corté el teléfono").[44][47]

N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1971, Hardy wepụtara otu egwu nke onye na-ede ma na-abụ abụ Patrick Dewaere nke a kpọrọ "T'es pas poli", mgbe arụmọrụ ya na Café de la Gare dị na Paris masịrị ya nke ukwuu.[43][44] Dewaere na Hardy sonyere ọnụ n'ọtụtụ mmemme telivishọn iji kwalite egwu ahụ, ma ọ naghị enweta ihe ịga nke ọma a tụrụ anya ya.[43]

N'afọ 1970, Hardy zutere Tuca (Valeniza Zagni da Silva), onye Brazil na-abụ abụ ma na-akpọ guitar nke bi na Paris, ma ha ghọrọ ezigbo enyi.[43][48]

Hardy mepụtara album ya na Tuca mgbe ọ gara Festival Internacional da Canção na Rio de Janeiro ma mata ma nwee mmasị n'egwu Brazil.[25][43][49] Nke a bụ oge mbụ n'ọrụ ya ka ya na onye ọzọ dere abụ rụkọrọ ọrụ tupu ha abanye n'ụlọ ndekọ egwu. O nwekwara ohere isonye n'ịhọrọ nhazi nke ụda violin na ngwa egwu ndị ọzọ.[43]

Album ahụ, La question, ewepụtara na 16 Ọktoba 1971,[50] ma kwalite ya site n'otu egwu "Le martien",[51] "Même sous la pluie"[52] na "Rêve".[53] Ọ bụ ezie na ndị nta akụkọ France toro album ahụ nke ukwuu,[5][54] ọ naghị enweta nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa.[49][55]

Mgbe La question dara n'ahịa, Hardy gbanwere ụzọ egwu ya ma kpọọ onye Britain na-ahazi egwu Tony Cox ka ọ mepụta album ya na-esote.[43] Album ahụ, nke a maara dịka Et si je m'en vais avant toi, L'éclairage, ma ọ bụ "Album Oroma" n'ihi mkpuchi ya, ewepụtara na Novemba 1972 ma kwalite ya site n'otu egwu "La berlue".[56] Mgbe arụchara ọrụ ahụ, Hardy na Cox dekọrọ album Bekee If You Listen, nke nwere nsụgharị ọhụrụ nke ụfọdụ egwu America na Britain a na-amaghị nke ọma.[43] Mgbe nkwekọrịta Hardy na Sonopresse gwụsịrị, emebeghị ya ọhụrụ.[57]

Ihe dị ka afọ 1972, Hardy kpọrọ onye na-ede abụ na onye nrụpụta egwu Michel Berger ka ya na ya rụkọọ ọrụ mgbe ọrụ ya na Véronique Sanson masịrị ya nke ukwuu.[58][57] Berger dere abụ abụọ n'ime iri na abụọ dị na album ahụ, "Message personnel" na "Première rencontre".[58]

N'agbanyeghị oge nnwere onwe nka ọ nwetara tupu ahụ, Hardy chọpụtara onwe ya ọzọ n'okpuru usoro ọrụ siri ike nke Berger, onye ọ kọwara mgbe e mesịrị dịka "nwoke na-eme ọsọ ọsọ, nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọ ga-eme, ọtụtụ ihe ọ ga-echebara echiche, na ọtụtụ mmadụ ọ ga-ahụ".[59]

Ndekọ album ahụ mere na Julaị 1973, obere oge mgbe Hardy mụsịrị nwa ya nwoke, Thomas Dutronc.[58] Album ahụ, Message personnel, ewepụtara n'afọ ahụ site na Warner Bros. Records,[60] bụkwa nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'akụkụ ahịa na nyocha ndị nkatọ.[5] Egwu isi ya mere ka ọrụ Hardy laghachi n'elu ọzọ na France.[59]

Hardy dere abụ iri nwere otu isiokwu jikọrọ ha ọnụ maka album ya na-esote,[61][62] ebe enyi ya Catherine Lara tinyere egwu n'okwu ndị ahụ. Ọ rụkọkwara ọrụ na Jean-Pierre Castelain, Gérard Kawczynski, André Georget, na Michel Sivy.[62] N'okpuru mmepụta Hughes de Courson, album echiche (concept album) Entr'acte ewepụtara na Novemba 1974 ma kwalite ya site n'abụ "Ce soir", "Je te cherche", na "Il y a eu des nuits".[62]

Album ahụ dara n'ahịa,[63] nke mere ka Hardy were ezumike n'ọrụ egwu iji tinyekwuo oge n'ịzụlite nwa ya. Ọ wepụtara naanị otu egwu abụọ n'afọ 1975–1976.[5][62] Nke mbụ bụ egwu Jean-Michel Jarre dere, "Que vas-tu faire?", nke e jikọtara na "Le compte a rebours",[64] mana ọ rere nke ọma nke ukwuu.[63][62] Nke abụọ bụ "Femme parmi les femmes", egwu isi nke ihe nkiri Claude Lelouch Si c'était à refaire, nke nwere okwu Pierre Barouh dere na egwu Francis Lai mepụtara.[62]

Ihe dị ka afọ 1976, Berger kpọtụrụ Hardy ọzọ, chọrọ ka ọ sonye na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ọhụrụ ya, Apache. Hardy zitere ya abụ "Ton enfance", "Star", na "L'impasse".[63] Berger tụrụ aro ka a wepụta album dabere na abụ ndị ahụ nke ga-enwe otu echiche jikọrọ ha ọnụ, mana Hardy jụrụ aro ahụ ma kama bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na Pathé-Marconi.[65]

1977–1995: Ọrụ ya na Gabriel Yared na ezumike n’ọrụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy na Deauville, Normandy, Julaị 1992

Maka Star nke afọ 1977, albọm mbụ ya e wepụtara n'okpuru Pathé-Marconi, Hardy kpọrọ Gabriel Yared ka ọ bụrụ onye nrụpụta na onye nhazi egwu.[65] Albọm ahụ, nke a kọwara dịka “albọm ngwakọta”, nwere egwu isii Hardy dere yana abụ ndị Serge Gainsbourg, William Sheller, Catherine Lara, Luc Plamondon, Roland Vincent, na Michel Jonasz dere.[65] Na mbido, mmekọrịta Hardy na Yared jupụtara na esemokwu.[65] Edekọrọ Star n’ime ọnọdụ e ji nrụgide mara, nke mere ka e kpọọ Hardy aha “eze nwanyị oyi”.[5][66] Dị ka Frédéric Quinonero si kwuo, “onye na-abụ abụ ahụ chere na ọ dị mkpa iwepụ nghọtahie ọ bụla, nke anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke mmetụta uche, tupu mmekọrịta ha ghọọ ezigbo ọbụbụenyi.”[65] Star ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa, mee ka Hardy laghachi n’ihu mgbasa ozi ma mee ka ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị ntorobịa mara ọrụ ya.[5] N’agbanyeghị esemokwu dị n’etiti ha n’ụlọ ndekọ egwu, Hardy na Yared gara n’ihu ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ ihe dị ka afọ isii ma dekọọ albọm ise ọnụ.[5][65] N’afọ 1991, Hardy chetara ahụmahụ ya n’ọrụ ya na Yared:

[Yared] na-achọsi ike n’ihe gbasara ọrụ ya... ma n’ọrụ ma n’enyi. Ọ nwere nnukwu mmetụta n’ahụ m. Albọm ise anyị mere ọnụ adịghị mfe... mana echere m na otu n’ime nnukwu ohere ndụ m bụ ịchọta onwe m ọzọ n’okpuru nduzi nke onye egwu nwere ogo dị otu a.[65]

Albọm sochirinụ nke Hardy n’afọ 1978, Musique saoûle, gụnyere ihe ndị Gabriel Yared, Alain Goldstein na Michel Jonasz dere.[67] Albọm ahụ gbanwere ntụziaka egwu Hardy gaa n’ụdị egwu a pụrụ ịgba egwu karịa, ma nweta nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa, nke ewu ewu nke egwu mbụ ya bụ “J'écoute de la musique saoûle”, karịsịa ụdị ya e mezigharịrị ogologo oge nyere aka.[68] A kwalitere Musique saoûle site n’ịpụta Hardy na mmemme telivishọn ebe a na-ahụ ya ka ọ na-eme egwu ahụ n’ụzọ a kọwara dịka nke na-adịghị adị ya mfe n’etiti igwe mmadụ na-agba egwú.[68]

N’afọ 1980, Yared na onye ọrụ ibe ya Bernard Ilous nyere albọm ọzọ ya, Gin Tonic, ụdị azụmahịa ka ukwuu.[68] Ihe mkpuchi albọm ahụ, nke onye ọrụ ibe magazin Façade sere, bụ magazin French e kere n’usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ Influence nke Andy Warhol, gosipụtara Hardy dịka onye oge a nke ukwuu.[68] A kwalitere Gin Tonic site na abụ ndị “Jazzy rétro Satanas” na “Juke-box”.[68]

Albọm ọzọ Hardy, À suivre, pụtara na Eprel 1981 n'okpuru akara Flarenasch, nke mebiri nkwekọrịta ya na Pathé-Marconi.[69] Albọm ahụ wetara ndị ọrụ ibe ọhụrụ, ebe Yared kpọrọ ndị dere egwu dịka Louis Chedid, Pierre Groscolas, Jean-Claude Vannier, Michel Bernholc, Daniel Perreau, Jean-Pierre Bourtayre, na Étienne Roda-Gil.[69] A kwalitere À suivre site na abụ ndị “Tamalou” na “Villégiature”.[69]

Albọm sochirinụ, Quelqu'un qui s'en va, pụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1981 ma nwee ihe mkpuchi albọm nke Serge Gainsbourg sere foto ya.[70]

Décalages, nke e wepụtara na 2 Mee 1988,[71] ka a kpọsara dịka albọm ikpeazụ Hardy. Ọ ghọrọ ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa ma nweta asambodo ọlaedo maka ire puku narị otu (100,000) nkeji.[71]

N’afọ 1990, Hardy dere abụ "Fais-moi une place" maka Julien Clerc, a kpọnyekwara ya n’albọm ya nke nwere otu aha ahụ.[4] Hardy laghachiri n’ọrụ egwu ya n’afọ ndị 1990 mgbe ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na Virgin Records na Disemba 1994.[4]

N’afọ 1995, Hardy rụkọrọ ọrụ na otu egwu Bekee Blur maka ụdị French nke "To the End", nke e dekọrọ na Abbey Road Studios.[72] E tinyere ya dịka B-side nke egwu otu ahụ bụ "Country House".[73]

1996–2021: Albọm ikpeazụ na ịla ezumike nka

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 1997, Hardy so ndị otu French abụọ ahụ, Air, rụọkọ ọrụ na egwu "Jeanne", nke bụ B-side dị na maxi-single ha bụ "Sexy Boy".[74]

N'afọ 2005, Hardy natara ihe nrite Female Artist of the Year maka albọm ya Tant de belles choses na emume Victoires de la Musique. N'afọ 2006, ọ natara ihe nrite Grande médaille de la chanson française, nke Académie Française na-enye iji kwanyere ugwu ọrụ ya n’egwu.[75]

N'afọ 2012, Hardy mere emume ncheta afọ iri ise (50) ya n’ọrụ egwu site n’ịpụta akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya na albọm ọhụrụ, ha abụọ nwere aha L'Amour fou.[76] Mgbe a chọpụtara na ọ nwere laryngeal cancer, onye na-agụ egwú ahụ kwupụtara na L'Amour fou ga-abụ albọm ikpeazụ ya, mana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ ise gachara, ọ laghachiri na mwepụta albọm Personne d'autre n'afọ 2018.[77]

N’ọnwa Maachị 2021, Hardy kwupụtara na ọ pụghịzi ịbụ abụ n’ihi mmetụta ọgwụgwọ kansa ya kpatara.[78]

Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy na-eme ihe dị ka Lisa n’ihe nkiri 1966 Grand Prix

Hardy sonyere n’ọrụ ihe nkiri, ma ọ naghị etinye onwe ya n’ọrụ ime ihe nkiri dịka ọrụ siri ike, ọ chọkwara ime ya otú ahụ.[79][80] Ọ nabatara ọrụ ime ihe nkiri e nyere ya n’afọ ndị 1960 n’enweghị nnukwu mmasị, dịka ndụmọdụ Jean-Marie Périer si dị.[79] Ọ bụ ezie na echiche ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na ndị nduzi ihe nkiri a ma ama masịrị ya, ọ ka họọrọ egwu karịa sinima.[81]

N’afọ 1963, Hardy mere mpụta mbụ ya n’ihe nkiri dịka Ophelia n’ihe nkiri Roger Vadim Château en Suède.[79][82] Tupu ekenye ya ọrụ ahụ, Vadim nwara ikike ime ihe nkiri Hardy site n’ịdu ya ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ ozi ịhụnanya Cécile de Roggendorf dere nye Giacomo Casanova.[83] N’oge a na-emepụta Château en Suède, Vadim kpọrọ Hardy asị n’ihi “enweghị mmasị ya na-enweghị njedebe”, nke ghọrọ “mbido egwu ya banyere oge a na-eme ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri n’ozuzu ya”.[34] Dị ka akụkụ nke mgbasa ozi ihe nkiri ahụ, Hardy gara Cannes Film Festival, ebe ọ yi uwe mkpuchi ojii nke Pierre Cardin chepụtara.[83]

Mgbe o mechara obere mpụta (cameo appearance) na What's New Pussycat?,[34] Hardy nwetara ọrụ n’ihe nkiri Jean-Daniel Pollet nke 1966 Une balle au cœur, nke e sere n’otu agwaetiti dịpụrụ adịpụ na Gris.[79] Ahụmahụ ahụ amasịghị ya, ma o kwuru, “mgbe ụbọchị otu ma ọ bụ abụọ gachara, aghọtara m na onye nduzi ahụ adịghị mma ma ihe nkiri ya bụ ọdịda.”[79]

N’ịgbaso ihe ịga nke ọma ya n’ọrụ egwu na Italy, Hardy pụtara dịka onye na-eme egwu n’ihe nkiri musicarelli, gụnyere I ragazzi dell'Hully Gully (1964),[84] Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone (1965),[85] Altissima pressione (1965), na Europa canta (1965).[86] Ọ pụtakwara na mmemme telivishọn pụrụ iche nke 1968 Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose, nke Grace Kelly bụ onye na-elekọta ya.[86]

Onye nduzi America John Frankenheimer hụrụ Hardy ka ọ na-apụ n’otu ụlọ oriri abalị dị na London ma chee na ọ ga-adabara nke ọma n’ihe nkiri Formula One ya Grand Prix (1966).[87] N’agbanyeghị na ọ ka enweghị mmasị n’ọrụ ime ihe nkiri dịka ọrụ ndụ, Hardy nabatara ọrụ ahụ n’ihi na a na-akwụ ya ezigbo ụgwọ.[88] Ọ pụtakwara obere oge na ihe nkiri Jean-Luc Godard nke 1966 Masculin féminin, ebe ọ yi uwe zuru ezu nke André Courrèges chepụtara.[89]

N’afọ 1969, ọ bụ kpakpando n’ihe nkiri telivishọn L'homme qui venait du Cher tinyere Eddy Mitchell.[90] N’afọ ndị 1970, ọ mere obere mpụta n’ihe nkiri Jean-Claude Lord The Doves (Les Colombes) (1972)[91] na nke Claude Lelouch If I Had to Do It All Over Again (Si c'était à refaire) (1976).[92]

Ọrụ ya n’ihe gbasara ịgụ kpakpando (Astrology)

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ekwenyere m na sayensị mmadụ a na-enye naanị ozi banyere otu n’ime ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-emetụta ndụ anyị, ya bụ nke jikọtara na usoro na mgbagharị nke usoro mbara igwe anyị. Ọ na-enyere anyị naanị ịghọta ebe anyị nọ ma mata nke ọma usoro dị iche iche nke mmepe anyị, nke dabere n’ọtụtụ ihe karịrị naanị okirikiri na nhazi nke mbara ala, ma ọ bụghịkwa mgbe niile ka a pụrụ ịkọwa ya dịka ihe omume ma ọ bụ nsonaazụ pụrụ iche.

— Hardy banyere enweghị ntụkwasị obi ya n’ebe ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ kpakpando nọ na n’ebe “ịgụ kpakpando amụma” nọ, 2008.[93]

Hardy mekwara ọrụ dịka onye na-agụ kpakpando (astrologer), ma dee ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na edemede gbasara isiokwu ahụ. Ọ sonyeere ụlọ akwụkwọ echiche a na-akpọ “conditionalist”, nke Jean-Pierre Nicola kọwara n’akwụkwọ ya nke 1964, La condition solaire, nke kwuru na ịgụ kpakpando abụghị usoro ịkọ amụma, kama na a ga-eji ya tụlee ihe ndị ọzọ dịka mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, agụmakwụkwọ, na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na omenala.[94][95]

Hardy malitere inwe mmasị n’ịgụ kpakpando mgbe ọ gara hụ onye na-agụ kpakpando André Barbault n’etiti afọ 1960 ndị ahụ.[93] Ọ gara ọmụmụ ọha na eze, mụtara otu esi arụpụta chaatị ọmụmụ, ma gụọ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ pụrụ iche tupu ya ezute Catherine Aubier, onye tụrụ aro ka Hardy mụta n’aka onye nkụzi ya.[93] Madame Godefroy kụziri Hardy ịgụ kpakpando ọdịnala ruo afọ abụọ na Paris.[93] Ọ ghọrọ onye raara onwe ya nye nke ukwuu n’ọrụ a mgbe ọ zutere Nicola n’afọ 1974, onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke magazin ọhụrụ ọ na-arụpụta.[93] Onye ọbụ abụ ahụ kọwara Nicola dịka “onye na-agụ kpakpando kacha mma n’ụwa”[96] ma dee, sị: “Ọ bụ ya mere ka m ghọta ịgụ kpakpando n’ụzọ nwere ọgụgụ isi ma kụziere m otu esi eji ya nke ọma n’akụkụ ya.”[93] Ewezuga ịgụ kpakpando, Alejandro Jodorowsky kụzikwaara Hardy otu esi agụ Tarot of Marseilles.[97] Dị ka ihe na-akwado ọmụmụ ya banyere ịgụ kpakpando, ọ gara ọmụmụ nke graphologist Germaine Tripier, onye bụ onye isi nke French Society of Graphology.[97]

N’etiti oge ndekọ egwu maka album ya Gin Tonic na 1979, Hardy rụkọrọ ọrụ n’usoro akwụkwọ gbasara akara zodiac nke Tchou Editions bipụtara, ma sonye n’ide akwụkwọ banyere Virgo[98] ya na onye ọzọ na-agụ kpakpando, Béatrice Guénin.[98] Ọ rụkọkwara ọrụ na magazin Quinze Ans.[68] N’ọgwụgwụ afọ 1980, Pierre Lescure nke ụlọ mgbasa ozi redio RMC kpọrọ Hardy ka ọ na-enye horoscope kwa ụbọchị na mmemme kwa izu.[98] N’afọ 1982, Hardy malitere usoro mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ kwa izu a kpọrọ Entre les lignes, entre les signes, nke ọ na-ajụ ndị ama ama n’ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ n’egwu ajụjụ dabere na chaatị ọmụmụ ha, ebe graphologist Anne-Marie Simmond, onye Hardy mụtara n’aka ya, na-emepụta nkọwa gbasara àgwà ha site n’aka ha dere.[97] E bipụtara nchịkọta ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ahụ na profaịlụ ndị ahụ site na RMC na 1986.[99][66]

N’afọ 1990, Hardy gara n’ihu n’ọrụ ya banyere ịgụ kpakpando site n’ide akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Switzerland Le Matin ma bụrụkwa onye na-ahụ maka akụkụ kwa izu n’usoro ihe omume Thierry Ardisson a kpọrọ Télé Zèbre na Antenne 2.[100] Na 7 Mee 2003, Hardy bipụtara Les rythmes du zodiaque, akwụkwọ o were ihe karịrị afọ abụọ dee, nke o kwuru na ebumnuche ya bụ “akwụkwọ ga-enye m ohere itinye obere onyinye m n’ịgụ kpakpando nke oge a.”[101]

Ọrụ ide akwụkwọ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N’afọ ndị ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya, Hardy ghọrọ onye odee akwụkwọ akụkọ ifo na akwụkwọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo. O dekwara akụkọ ndụ ya, Le désespoir des singes... et autres bagatelles (Nkụda Mmụọ Ndị Enwe... na Ihe Ndị Ọzọ Na-adịghị Mkpa), nke e bipụtara na 9 Ọktoba 2008. A rere akwụkwọ ahụ ihe ruru mkpụrụ 250,000 ma bụrụ bestseller na France.[102] E mechara tụgharịa akwụkwọ ahụ n’asụsụ Spanish ma ụlọ mbipụta akwụkwọ nnwere onwe Expediciones Polares nke dị na San Sebastián bipụta ya n’afọ 2017.[103] Mbipụta Bekee nke Jon E. Graham tụgharịrị ka Feral House bipụtara na 2018.[104]

Hardy na-ewebata akwụkwọ novel mbụ ya L'amour fou na Paris, Novemba 2012

N’afọ 2012, Hardy bipụtara novel mbụ ya, L'amour fou, n’ụlọ mbipụta Éditions Albin Michel. E wepụtara ya n’otu oge ahụ na album egwu nwere otu aha ahụ.[105] Ọ malitere ide akụkọ ahụ, nke gbasara mmekọrịta ịhụnanya jupụtara n’ịrapara n’ahụ mmadụ nke ukwuu, ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ tupu ahụ,[105] mana o debere akwụkwọ edemede ahụ n’akụkụ ma enweghị atụmatụ ibipụta ya. Onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya gbara ya ume ka o mee ya, ma ọ kwetara mgbe enyi ya Jean-Marie Périer kwadoro ya.[106] Hardy chere na ọ dabara adaba ibipụta akwụkwọ ahụ iji mee emume afọ iri ise nke ọrụ egwu ya, ebe ọ kọwara ya dịka “akụkọ nke ghọrọ isi mmalite ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ abụ m niile kemgbe mmalite.”[106] N’afọ 2013, ụlọ mbipụta Edizioni Clichy nke dị na Florence bipụtara ụdị Italian nke akwụkwọ ahụ.[107]

Mgbe album La pluie sans parapluie na L'Amour fou rere ahịa nke ọma adịghị, Hardy kpebiri ịhapụ egwu ntakịrị ma tinye uche ya n’ide akwụkwọ.[108] Nke a butere essay Avis non autorisés (Echiche E Nyeghị Ikike), nke e bipụtara na 2015 site n’ụlọ mbipụta Éditions des Équateurs, ebe ọ kọwara nsogbu ndị mmadụ na-eche ihu mgbe ha na-eru ịka nká.[108][109] N’akwụkwọ a, o kesakwara echiche ya banyere ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a n’ụwa, nke ọtụtụ ndị kpọrọ echiche “na-adịghị agbaso izi ezi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”[108] Avis non autorisés ghọrọ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’ahịa akwụkwọ.[110]

Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, o bipụtara Un cadeau du ciel (Onyinye Si N’Eluigwe), ebe ọ tụlere ahụmahụ ya n’ụlọ ọgwụ na Maachị 2015 n’ihi ọrịa kansa, oge ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ.[110]

Ná mbido afọ ndị 2020, mgbe ọ naghịzi enwe ike ịga n’ihu na-abụ abụ ma kwuo na ọ “nweghị ihe ọzọ ọ ga-eme”, Hardy tinyere oge ya n’ịchịkọta song book, Chansons sur toi et nous, nchịkọta nke okwu abụ ya niile tinyere nkọwa ya. E bipụtara Chansons sur toi et nous n’afọ 2021 site n’ụlọ mbipụta Éditions des Équateurs.[111]

Ọrụ nka

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ụdị egwu

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ihe kpaliri m ide egwu m bụ, n'otu akụkụ, nchegbu m. N'ọtụtụ egwu, ekwuwo m egwu m nke ịghara ịrụ ọrụ ahụ na nke ịhapụ m gakwuru onye ọzọ a priori otu puku ugboro na-adọrọ mmasị ma na-adọrọ adọrọ karịa m. Egwu nke na-abụghị nke na-enweghị isi...

— Hardy, L'Express, 2013.[112]

Ọ bụ ezie na egwu Hardy kpuchiri ọtụtụ ụdị egwu, o jisiri ike nwee ụda pụrụ iche site na mmalite ọrụ ya[113] which was defined by breathy alto vocals[114] na ihe na-amasịkarị abụ ndị na-eme ka obi daa mba.[115][116] Basile Farkas nke Rock & Folk kọwara ya dị ka "eze nwanyị nke mwute",[117] Hardy n'onwe ya kwuru na 2012: "N'egwu, ihe kacha amasị m bụ egwu dị nwayọ na nke mwute... Ọ bụghị n'ụzọ na-ada ada, kama n'ụzọ na-ebuli elu... M ka na-achọ ịhụ egwu na-agbawa obi nke ga-eme ka anya mmiri gbaa m. Egwu nke àgwà ya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị nsọ."[116] Cosette Schulz nke Exclaim! kọwara ya dị ka "ọkachamara n'ịmepụta egwu dị mfe mana mara mma".[24] Ndị edemede ejirila egwu Hardy tụnyere nke onye na-abụ abụ Bekee Marianne Faithfull.[118] N'ịtụnyere ndị ọbụ abụ abụọ ahụ, Keith Altham nke The Guardian dere na 2014: "Ha abụọ na-abụ abụ mwute n'ụdị dị mfe nke ndị mmadụ. Ha abụọ nwere otu mmasị ahụ dịka ihere, iwe, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe ijuanya gbasara ha. Ha abụọ nwere àgwà dị egwu, nke 'naanị onwe ha' gbasara olu ha nke chọrọ ọmịiko na nlebara anya."[119]

E wezụga egwu ndị mbụ o dere, ọtụtụ n'ime egwu ya nke afọ 1960 gụnyere ụdị ndị omenkà si mba ọzọ nke gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche, gụnyere ndị America òtù ụmụ agbọghọ, ndị mbụ rockabilly, ndị tupu Beatles egwu rock na roll nke Britain, egwu obodo, egwu ọdịnala, folk-rock na, ruo n'ókè dị nta, doo-wop na mkpụrụ obi.[120] Isi okwu ndị na-apụtakarị n'egwú ya bụ mwute, ihe mgbu nke onwe, ihe mgbu obi, ịhụnanya otu akụkụ, enweghị ụra, ike ọgwụgwụ, naanị onwe, na njide onwe onye.[56][115] A tụkwanyere okwu ya deadpan, nke e ji "ikuku dị jụụ na nke na-adịghị ekpo ọkụ" mara, tụnyere nke onye na-abụ abụ German Nico.[121]

Hardy na 1965

A maara Hardy maka ịkpachara anya n'egwu ya, dịka mkpebi ya ịhapụ ụlọ ihe nkiri French dị ala maka ụlọ ihe nkiri dị elu na London.[34] Ka ọ na-etolite, Hardy malitere ide abụ nke na-eme ka obi dajụọ ya, mana ọ họrọkwara n'ime ọrụ ndị ọkachamara na-edu ndú.[122] Onye mmepụta Erick Benzi chetara: "Site na mgbe ọ dị afọ 18, ọ maara na ọ dị iche. O nwere ike ịga n'ihu ndị omenkà ukwu dịka Charles Aznavour wee sị, 'Abụ gị dị egwu, achọghị m ịbụ ya.' Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ dara ghi n'okwu ya."[123] Tony Cox chetara ahụmịhe ya na Hardy na-arụkọ ọrụ: "Françoise dị mma n'ihi na ọ na-enwe mmasị n'ihe dị iche iche karịa ka ọ na-adịkarị. E nwere ntakịrị nke Left Bank[note 1] gbasara ya - ọ bụghị onye na-abụ abụ pop nkịtị gị, nke ahụ bụ eziokwu."[123][111]

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-akwado yé-yé nke ukwuu, ọ dị iche na ndị ọgbọ ya n'ide ọtụtụ ihe o dere.[120][124] A makwaara ya maka ime ka nkà ya dị ka onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-akụ egwu dị ala.[125] Ihe ndị o dere emeghị ka ọ dị ka ọ na-emebu, dịka o gwaraRock & Folk na 2018: "Aghọtara m na ọ bụrụgodị na m mụta ihe, agaghị m enwe ike ime nke ọma dịka ezigbo ndị na-abụ abụ. Ọ bụ ya mere m ji chee na ọ kacha mma ịkpọbata ndị egwu ọrụ ha metụrụ m n'ahụ."[117]

Mmetụta

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N’oge mbụ, mmasị egwu ya bụ ndị na-abụ French chanson, gụnyere Cora Vaucaire, Georges Guétary, Charles Trenet, na Jacques Brel, ebe ọ bụ na n’afọ 1950s nke a bụ naanị egwu a na-akpọ na redio.[114][126][2] O kwuru na Trenet metụrụ ya n’obi karịa ndị ọzọ n’ihi na egwu ya “na-ewute ma dịkwa nro”.[127] Hardy bụkwa nnukwu onye na-akwado onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede egwu Barbara, bụ onye kpaliri ya ide abụ nke ya.[123] N’oge mmalite 1960s, e webatara ya na rock and roll nke asụsụ Bekee na Brill Building pop site na Radio Luxembourg ma were mmụọ nsọ site n’aka ndị omenkà dịka Brenda Lee,[54] the Everly Brothers, the Shadows, Cliff Richard, Neil Sedaka, Connie Francis, ma karịsịa Elvis Presley na Paul Anka.[114][128][126][129] Hardy kwuru na ọ “juru ya anya kpamkpam” site n’aka ndị omenkà ndị a na-eto eto si mba ọzọ, wee malite ịgba egwu ma kpọọ guitar iji gbalịa iṅomi ha.[2] O chetara na 2008: “Ozugbo ahụ m jikọtara onwe m na ha, n’ihi na ha na-egosipụta ịnọ naanị n’oge ntorobịa na ihere, n’elu melodi ndị na-akpali karịa okwu ha”.[9]

Egwu Hardy n’akụkụ nke abụọ nke afọ iri ahụ tinyere mmetụta sitere na British Invasion pop phenomenon na “mweghachi siri ike nke ụkpụrụ ọdịnala French chanson, ọ bụghị yé-yé ma ọ bụ ‘Left Bank’,[note 1] kama nke ahụ, kama nke ịhụnanya”.[131] Album ya nke 1964 Mon amie la rose tinyere mmetụta sitere na usoro Wall of Sound nke Phil Spector,[132] yana onye na-ede egwu Italiant Ennio Morricone.[23] Onye guitar na onye nhazi si Brazil Tuca mere ka Hardy mata bossa nova, nke mechara rute na album 1971 La Question.[49][133]

Hardy bụ onye na-enwe mmasị n’aka onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ede egwu folk nke Bekee Nick Drake.[134] O chetara: “Maka m, ọ bụghị nke omenala Britain pụrụ iche... Ọ bụ mkpụrụ obi na-apụta n’egwu ya kpatara m mmetụta miri emi—ihe ịhụnanya, uri... kamakwa melodi ndị a nụchara anụcha. Tinyere ụda olu ya pụrụ iche, nke na-eme ka obi mgbu nke ihe ahụ dum dịkwuo omimi.”[134] A na-ahụkarị na àgwà ha, olu ha, na mmasị ha n’ụda chords na harmony yiri ibe ha.[123]

N’afọ 1972, album mbụ Véronique Sanson mere mmetụta n’ahụ Hardy, nke mere ka ọ malite iche na egwu nke ya aghọwo nke oge gara aga.[129] O kọwara echiche ya banyere Sanson n’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya: “Ọ dị ka mmetụta Bekee na Amerịka nke yé-yé ji obi ụtọ na-eṅomi... e tinyere ya nke ọma ma mepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke tozuru oke n’egwu, ma bụrụkwa nke onwe.”[58] Mpụta ọrụ Hardy na 1996 Le danger tinyere mmetụta sitere na otu Bekee Portishead[114] yana ụdị egwu grunge, Britpop, na roots rock.[135][49]

Mmepe

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

1962–1967

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Album mbụ Hardy zuru ogologo oge, Tous les garçons et les filles, nke nwere mmetụ rockabilly, bụ nke kacha nso o ruru n’ụdị yé-yé. A maara album ahụ maka ndokwa dị mfe na nke minimalizim, nke gụnyere gita acoustic na electric, bass, na percussion nke nwere mmetụta jazz.[23][136][132] Album ya na-esote, Le premier bonheur du jour, tinyere ngwá ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya karị na uri egwu,[24] jiri electric organ na nhazi eriri “na-ebe akwa”,[132] ma tinye egwu sitere n’ụdị jazz na otu ụmụ agbọghọ America dịka the Crystals na the Ronettes.[23]

N’etiti afọ 1960, egwu ya ghọrọ nke juputara ma baa ụba karị[123] mgbe ọ kwagara London ka ya na onye nhazi egwu Charles Blackwell rụọ ọrụ, onye nyere ya ohere “iru ọkwa ọhụrụ nke sophistication.”[34] Album Mon amie la rose, nke e wepụtara na 1964, gosiri mmụba n’ịdị mgbagwoju anya n’egwu ya, jiri olu siri ike karị na nyocha ọhụrụ n’usoro abụ.[24][121] Ihe Hardy mere na 1965–66 gosiri uto na mmepe ụdị ya, na mmepụta ndị “si na ụda yeh-yé dị ntakịrị ma dị thin gaa n’ụdị rock nhazi zuru oke karị.”[137] Ụda zuru oke nke album ya na-esote, L'amitié, bụ nke sara mbara nke ukwuu.[138] Dị ka Pitchfork Hazel Cills si kwuo: “Ọ bụ naanị ruo album nke ise ya, La maison où j'ai grandi, ka Hardy malitere inwe ụda tozuru etozu, nke baroque, nke dabara na omimi nke mwute ya na mgbagwoju ya.”[23] Warfield chere na nke a bụ album ebe ọ “tọrọ ntọala nke ọma n’ụda ya, na-egosi anyị onye na-eme egwu anyị ka nwere ike ịmata ya ọbụna mgbe ọ dị afọ 70.”[132] Na Ma jeunesse fout le camp, album ikpeazụ ya nke afọ 1960 e dekọrọ na London, ọ “kwagara n’ụdị ballad orchestrated pop nke tozuru etozu ma dị jụụ karị”[139] nke a kọwara dị ka “nkwedebe ya na oge yé-yé.”[140]

1968–1974

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na nloghachi Hardy na ụlọ ndekọ French, 1968 Comment te dire adieu nwere ụdị MOR karịa ọrụ ya gara aga.[141] Richie Unterberger weere egwu ya dịka “ikekwe ọbụna nke jupụtara n’iru uju na mmetụta karịa ka ọ na-adị”.[141] Ka oge yé-yé na-apụ n’anya mgbe ngagharị May 68 gasịrị na France, Hardy “gbanwere onwe ya bụrụ onye na-egosi folk-rock/jazz chanteuse nke na-adịghị mfe ịchọta” n’ọrụ ya n’afọ 1970s mbụ.[142] O mepụtara ụdị dịkwuo tozuru etozu, nke na-adịchaghị pop, iji gosipụta akụkụ dị omimi nke onwe ya.[5] A kọwara ya dị ka “album mbụ Françoise Hardy nke dị ezigbo onwe”,[143] album 1971 La question, nke na-aga n’ụzọ ụda na-adịghị azụmahịa ma na-enweghị hooks doro anya, weere dị ka mgbanwe dị mkpa n’ọrụ ya.[49][144] Ọ bụ otu n’ime ọrụ ya kacha dị jụụ, nwere nhazi ụda dị nro na nke akụrụngwa acoustic, gụnyere guitar, ntakịrị bass na orchestration dị nro.[120][145] A kọwara olu Hardy dị ka “nke na-adọrọ adọrọ” na “nke dị nro”, mgbe ụfọdụ “[na-eji] hum melodic humming kama ịbụ abụ, na-egosipụta mmetụta nke abụ ahụ n’enweghị okwu.”[146] La question bụkwa oge mbụ Hardy sonyeere n’ịhọrọ nhazi strings maka ọrụ ya.[43]

Mgbe La question gasịrị, Hardy gara n’ihu n’ụzọ egwu folk na rock kpaliri ya.[56] Nke a mere ka onye nrụpụta Joe Boyd kwuo ka Nick Drake dee album abụ maka Hardy, nke Tony Cox ga-emepụta.[123] Ndị abụọ ahụ zutere ọtụtụ oge, gụnyere nleta Nick Drake na nnọkọ ndekọ Hardy na London, ma a naghị eme atụmatụ ahụ.[123][134] Cox nwere mmasị ịrụ ọrụ na Hardy, ma n’ọnwa ikpeazụ nke 1971 dekọọ If You Listen, nke jiri “otu ndị egwu British folk-rock kacha mma”.[123] N’ihi mmetụta Drake,[147] album ahụ gosipụtara nhazi “cinematic” nke na-etinye guitar acoustic na strings dị nro.[148] N’otu afọ ahụ, Hardy wepụtara Et si je m'en vais avant toi, nke tinyere mmetụta blues, folk, na rock nke America[56][149] ma nwee, n’ụzọ pụrụ iche, ụda dị ntakịrị nke na-akpa ọchị na rhythm ndị na-adọrọ mmasị.[56]

Hardy kpọrọ Michel Berger, onye nrụpụta album mbụ Véronique Sanson, ka ọ duzie mmepụta album ya 1973 Message personnel.[58] Album ahụ nwere nhazi nke Michel Bernholc, onye duziri “otu rock band dị mfe na nke nwere strings jupụtara, [na-eme ka] olu Hardy dị nro ma na-adọrọ adọrọ pụta ìhè.”[150] Album ahụ nwere ọnọdụ jupụtara n’iru uju na nke na-enyo enyo, yana “ụda tozuru etozu, nke dị mma maka ndị okenye”.[142] Ndekọ 1974 Entr'acte bụ mgbalị mbụ Hardy mere n’ime concept album, nke nwere okwu na-akọ “usoro nke abalị otu oge n’etiti onye ọbịa na nwa agbọghọ, onye a hapụrụ n’ihi nwoke ọ hụrụ n’anya, na-achọ ịkwụ ya ụgwọ”.[61] Ọ nwere nhazi orchestral nke Del Newman, onye rụrụ ọrụ na album Elton John Goodbye Yellow Brick Road na album Cat Stevens Tea for the Tillerman.[61]

1975–2018

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Album Star, nke 1977, nke bụ ndekọ pop nwere ntụziaka jazz, bụ album mbụ Hardy mere ka Gabriel Yared hazie, onye mepụtara ihe ọ na-emepụta ruo afọ iri sochirinụ.[151] N’afọ 1978, ka disco na-achị ụlọ ọrụ egwu, Yared gbalịrị ime ka ụda ya kwekọọ na oge ahụ site na mwepụta nke Musique saoûle, nke tinyere rhythms sitere na funk music.[68] Onye na-abụ egwu kwuru mgbe e mesịrị na ọ naghị adị ya mma ma na-eme ya ihere mgbe ọ na-abụ abụ n’elu rhythms egwu ịgba egwu.[68] Album nke 1988 Décalages, nke a ma ama maka ụda ya nwere ọtụtụ layers na ikuku pụrụ iche,[152] tinyere iji Synclavier synthesizer, n’agbanyeghị na onye na-abụ egwu achọghị ụda dijitalụ nke oge ahụ kama ọ họọrọ ụdị acoustic.[153]

N’afọ 1996, site n’ike mmụọ nsọ sitere na alternative rock scene, Hardy gbanwere gaa n’ụdị egwu rock nke oge ọhụrụ, nke na-egosipụta ike na guitar, na album Le danger, album mbụ ya mgbe afọ asaa gachara.[114][135] Pitchfork’s Jazz Monroe kọwara egwu ya dị ka "adult-contemporary space rock".[143] Ụda siri ike na okwu nke album ahụ gosipụtara oge "ọchịchịrị nke ukwuu" nke onye na-abụ egwu nọ n’ime ya n’oge ahụ.[125] Ọdịda azụmaahịa nke Le danger, tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, mere ka Hardy laghachi n’ụdị egwu ya dị nro na nke dị mfe maka album sochirinụ, Clair-obscur, nke pụtara n’afọ 2000,[125] ma album ise ikpeazụ ya gosipụtara ụda mara mma ma juputara n’obi mgbu na ntụgharị uche.[140] Album 2006 (Parenthèses...) bụ nchịkọta duet iri na abụọ nwere mmepụta nke jiri obere tricks na mixing dị larịị, nke mere ka e jiri ya tụnyere ọrụ mbụ dị ọcha dịka La question.[154]

Tụnyere album ndị gara aga, album 2010 La pluie sans parapluie nwere ụda “na-enwu karịa”, nke ụfọdụ egwu ya dabere na drum na bass kama piano ma ọ bụ strings.[155] Album ya nke 2012 L'amour fou gosipụtara olu a na-abụ nke ọkara-abụ, ọkara-okwu, ma nwee ọnọdụ "nwere nnabata, nke na-atụgharị uche",[76] jiri piano “mara mma”, minor chords na brushed drums dị ka nkwado.[156] Okwu n’abụ nke album ikpeazụ ya, Personne d'autre, nke pụtara n’afọ 2018, metụtara afọ ya na-aga n’ihu na echiche banyere ọnwụ ya. Ọ lanarịrị nnukwu nsogbu ahụike kemgbe mwepụta album gara aga,[143] ma arụ olu ya n’album ahụ metụtara ọrịa ahụ.[157] Isiokwu ojii nke okwu n’abụ nke Personne d'autre dị iche na ụda dị nro na nke nso nke onye na-abụ egwu jiri mara ya na mbụ.[143][157]

Mmemme egwu dị ndụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy ka ọ na-eme ihe n’egwu n’afọ 1968

Na 11 Mee 1962, Hardy mere ngosipụta mbụ ya n’ihu ndị mmadụ dịka onye na-abụ abụ dị ndụ, ya na ndị ọzọ na-eto eto na-abụ abụ, n’emume Disco Revue gala dị na Nancy.[158] Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n’abalị ekeresimesi na Brussels ma sonyekwa n’ụzọ njem egwu gara nke ọma na Southern France site na njedebe afọ 1962 ruo mmalite afọ 1963.[158] N’ọnwa Febrụwarị 1963, ọ pụtara na mmemme telivishọn Cinq colonnes à la une ọnụ na Sylvie Vartan na Sheila. E mechara were ha dị ka arụsị atọ kachasị ukwuu nke oge yé-yé, onye ọ bụla n’ime ha na-anọchite anya ụdị nwa agbọghọ oge ọhụrụ dị iche iche.[159] O mere ngosipụta mbụ ya na ụlọ egwu Olympia dị na Paris, ebe ọ bụ onye meghere mmemme maka Richard Anthony.[79] N’agbata 26 Febrụwarị na 10 Eprel, Hardy sonyere na njem egwu Gala des Stars, nke Europe n° 1 na Salut les copains kwadoro.[160]

N’etiti ụbọchị njem egwu ndị ahụ,[160] ọ nọchitere Monaco anya na Eurovision Song Contest nke e mere na London, ebe ọ bụrụ abụ "L'amour s'en va", ma nweta ọnọdụ nke ise site na isi 25, nke ọ kesara na onye France, Alain Barrière.[161][162] N’agbata 7 Nọvemba na 18 Disemba 1963, Hardy pụtara ọzọ dịka onye meghere mmemme Anthony na Olympia dị na Paris ma nweta nkwado ọma sitere n’aka ndị nta akụkọ, ndị bụbu ndị na-akatọ ụzọ ọ si arụ ọrụ n’ihu ọha n’ihi ịdị nkịtị ya.[163] Na 11 Ọktoba, Hardy rụrụ ọrụ na Barcelona, Spain, dịka akụkụ nke Great Gala nke anọ nke Sedería Española.[31] N’ọnwa Nọvemba, ọ malitere njem egwu mbụ ya na Italy, nke gara ọtụtụ obere obodo ndị dị n’akụkụ osimiri.[31] Onye na-abụ abụ ahụ nwekwara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na Portugal ma gaa Lisbon na njedebe afọ 1963 iji pụta na mmemme telivishọn dị iche iche.[31]

Na 21 Febrụwarị 1964, Hardy kwalitere "Catch a Falling Star" na mmemme telivishọn Britain Ready Steady Go![31] ma n’otu mmemme ahụ kwa, ọ bụrụ "All Around the World". Ọ pụtakwara na Ollie and Fred's Five O'Clock Club, Thank Your Lucky Stars, na Top of the Pops.[37] Na United States, Hardy mere ngosipụta mbụ ya na mmemme Hullabaloo nke NBC, ebe ọ bụrụ "However Much", ụdị asụsụ abụọ nke abụ Charles Trenet "Que reste-t-il de nos amours ?", nakwa nsụgharị nke "The Girl from Ipanema".[37]

Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama n’otu ntabi anya na Germany mgbe ọ pụtara na telivishọn na 28 Eprel 1965 na Portrait in Musik, usoro mmemme egwu e haziri ma duzie site n’aka Truck Branss.[79][37] N’okpuru nrụgide sitere n’aka ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ egwu ya nke France na Italy,[79] Hardy sonyere na Sanremo Music Festival 1966, ebe ọ rutere n’ọkwa ikpeazụ site n’abụ "Parlami di te" nke Edoardo Vianello dere.[164]

Hardy nyere ngosipụta ndụ ikpeazụ atọ ya na Kinshasa, Congo, n’ọnwa Juun 1967.[40] Ọ na-enwe nsogbu ụjọ ịpụta n’ihu ọha,[93][165] nke mere ka ọ kwụsị ime mmemme egwu dị ndụ kpamkpam n’afọ 1968.[5][166]

Ngosipụta ọha

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Àgwà mmadụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Dị ka onye a ma ama n’ihu ọha, a maara Hardy nke ọma n’ihi ihere ya na omume ya nke ịdị jụụ ma ghara ịmasị ịpụta ìhè n’ihu mmadụ,[123][167][132] ma ndị na-ekiri ya na-ekwukarị banyere “agwa ya nke na-adịghị amasị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dịka onye a ma ama.”[23] N’akwụkwọ ndụ ya na n’ajụjụ ọnụ dị iche iche, ọ na-ekwu n’ụzọ doro anya banyere ọgụ ya na anxiety, self-doubt, loneliness na inferiority complex.[79][58] Tom Pinnock nke Uncut kwuru na “ọ bụ n’ihi na ọ jụrụ iso egwuregwu nke showbusiness na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụdị icon.”[123] Ọnọdụ ya nke ịbụ celebrity n’oge na-adịghị anya ghọrọ ihe na-enye ya nnukwu nsogbu, dịka o kwuru na 2011:

“Ihe niile ahụ adịghị amasị m ma ọlị, tinyere ihe ndị na-esonyere ya, mgbe n’otu ntabi anya mmadụ ghọrọ onye a ma ama nke ukwuu. (...) [Ịrụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ejiji ndị a ma ama] bụ ọrụ, ihe ndị m ga-eme, ọrụ na-agwụ ike—ọ dịghị amasị m ma ọlị... Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ka mmadụ nwee ahụ iru ala mgbe a na-enwe mmasị n’ebe ya nọ nke ukwuu—ọ bụghị ọnọdụ nkịtị. Nke ahụ anaghị amasị m ma ọlị. Eziokwu bụ na anaghị m enwe ahụ iru ala n’ọrụ ndụ m n’ezie, ya mere okwu ‘icon’—ọ dị ka a na-ekwu maka onye ọzọ, ọ bụghị m n’ezie.”[168]

Ọ naghịkwa enwe mmasị n’ụzọ ndụ nke jet-set na ndị nọ n’ọkwa elu nke ọha mmadụ.[114][79]

Onye Na-ebute Ụzọ N’Ụwa Ejiji

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy (nke e sere na Venice na 1966) nwere ntutu isi ya nke kpuchiri ọkpọiso ya na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ọcha ya, bụ́ ndị a na-ewere dịka ọdịdị pụrụ iche ya.

Dị ka onye na-ese ya foto na onye nnọchi anya ya fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị ya n’ime afọ iri ahụ,[82] Jean-Marie Périer ghọrọ ụdị onye yiri Pygmalion nye ya,[5][169][170] ma gbanwee onyonyo ọha nke onye na-agụ egwú ahụ site n’ịbụ “nwa agbọghọ akwụkwọ na-eme ihere ma na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi n’ile anya” gaa n’ịbụ “nwata nwanyị oge a na-eduzi usoro ejiji ọhụrụ.”[5] O dere sị: “…[Périer] gbalịrị ime ka echiche m mepee ma nyere m aka n’akụkụ ndụ niile site n’obiọma pụrụ iche ya ... n’okpuru nduzi ya ka m ghọtara mkpa mma na ọdịdị, nke ghọrọ otu n’ime ihe ndị kacha mkpa m na-atụle. Ọ kụziri m otu esi ebu onwe m ma esi eyi uwe, ma nyekwa m ndụmọdụ gbasara omume mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.”[79] Ọ mere ka onye na-agụ egwú ahụ malite ịrụ ọrụ nlereanya ejiji, ma n’oge na-adịghị anya ọ ghọrọ “kpakpando nke ụwa ejiji mba ụwa yana nke ụwa egwu France.”[5] Ndị na-ese foto dịka Gered Mankowitz,[171] William Klein na Richard Avedon sere ya foto maka Vogue na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ.[81] Ịpụta ya ugboro ugboro n’ihu mkpuchi magazin mere ka a mara ya dịka ihe atụ kachasị pụta ìhè nke nwanyị French a na-etinye n’ihu mkpuchi magazin n’afọ ndị 1960.[170][7][124] N’afọ 1968, Hardy gwara otu onye nta akụkọ, sị: “Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n’ihi ụzọ m si eji uwe, ọ dịghị onye ga-achọpụta m.”[172] N’otu aka ahụ, ọ gwara Vanity Fair na 2018, sị: “Egwu m enweghị nnukwu mmasị ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmepụta egwu Anglo-Saxon. Ya mere, m tinyere obi m n’iyi uwe ọma oge ọ bụla m gara London ma ọ bụ New York. Karịsịa, abụ m onye nnọchianya ejiji.”[173]

Dị ka otu n’ime ndị a na-akpọ “"it girl"[66]” na onye ndu n’ụwa ejiji,[174] a na-ewere Hardy dịka ihe nnọchianya zuru oke nke “Nwanyị Oge A”[142] nakwa nke ụdị chic French nke afọ ndị 1960[122][66] na ịdị jụụ na ịdị mma,[175][176] nke a maara nke ọma n’ihi nhọrọ uwe ya ndị gara n’ihu oge ha na ụdị futuristic fashion ya.[123][177] Brett Marie nke PopMatters kwuru na “echiche ya banyere ejiji na ahụ ya yiri nke ndị nlereanya nke afọ ndị 1960 mere ka ọ bụrụ akara ngosi ejiji dịka ọ bụkwa kpakpando n’ụlọ ọrụ egwu.”[115] O chetara na 2008 na n’oge mmalite afọ ndị 1960, ahụ ya dị gịrịgịrị nke na-eme ka ihere na-eme ya ghọrọ ihe a na-ewere dị ka ejiji n’oge ahụ.[178] A malitere ile ya anya dịka “égérie” ma ọ bụ mmụọ nsọ nye ndị nrụpụta ejiji France kachasị ama n’oge ahụ,[179] gụnyere André Courrèges,[180] Chanel na Yves Saint Laurent.[5]

Hardy kwadoro ụdị mbụ nke uwe Le Smoking nke Saint Laurent mere na 1966,[181] ma onye nrụpụta ahụ chetara na mgbe ọ kpọgara ya na Paris Opera ka o yi otu tuxedo ya, “Ndị mmadụ tiri mkpu ma kwuo okwu n’olu ike. Ọ bụ nnukwu esemokwu.”[182]

Hardy bụkwa otu n’ime ndị mbụ hụrụ ọrụ Paco Rabanne n’anya, na-eme ka onye nrụpụta ejiji Spain ahụ bụrụ onye a ma ama site n’iyi uwe ya n’oge eserese foto na mmemme telivishọn.[183] N’afọ 1968, ọ gosipụtara uwe mkpirikpi e ji efere ọlaedo dị ọcha mee na International Diamond Fair.[184][185] A na-eme uwe ahụ site na efere ọlaedo 1,000, diamond karat 300, ma ọ tụrụ paụnd 20; a na-ewere ya dịka “uwe kachasị ọnụ n’ụwa n’afọ 1968.”[186] Uwe ndị Rabanne chepụtara, gụnyere uwe ọlaedo ahụ, ghọrọ ụfọdụ n’ime ọdịdị Hardy kacha ama ama.[187][184][186][188]

Hardy gosipụtara uwe ndị ụlọ ọrụ prêt-à-porter ọhụrụ na-emepụta,[189] yana ọrụ ndị otu ọhụrụ nke ndị nrụpụta ejiji nwanyị France a maara dịka “ụlọ akwụkwọ yé-yé”[190] ma ọ bụ “stylistes”,[191] ndị jụrụ iwu siri ike nke haute couture.[192] Ọ nyere aka ibido ọrụ Sonia Rykiel site n’iyi sweta ya a ma ama a na-akpọ “poor boy sweater” n’ihu mkpuchi Elle,[189][193] ma David Bailey sere ya foto ka o yi uwe mkpuchi Emmanuelle Khanh nke eji usoro color-blocking mee maka Vogue.[194]

A maara Hardy kwa maka ụdị ejiji dị mfe nke nwere ntutu isi na etemeete na-adịghị akpali akpali, na-eyi ọtụtụ mgbe naanị sweta na ogologo ọkpa.[189] Ihe pụrụ iche n’ile anya ya bụ ntutu isi ya kpuchiri ọkpọiso na iji akpụkpọ ụkwụ ọcha nke Courrèges,[4][195] ma ọ bụkwa otu n’ime ndị mbụ yi miniskirt.[178][173] Ọ nwakwara ụdị uwe na ọdịdị na-enweghị oke nkewa nwoke na nwanyị.[177] A kọwara ya dịka “anti-Bardot”, onye wetara ụdị echiche ọhụrụ banyere mma nke mere ka “oke ịdị nwanyị nke ụdị sex-kitten nke oge ahụ bụrụ ihe ochie.”[172] Ka ọ na-erule afọ ndị 1970, ọ hapụrụ onyonyo nke “nwata nwanyị ejiji ama ama na-eme njem n’obodo” nke Périer kere maka ya.[5]

Akụkọ ifo zuru ụwa ọnụ nke afọ 1960

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Oyiyi ọha na eze ya na ụdị ejiji ya n’afọ ndị 1960 nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n’omenala pop culture ụwa, nke mere ka nkà ya dịka onye na-agụ egwu ghara ịhụrịrị anya nke ọma n’èzí France.[196][197] N’afọ 1967, akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ntorobịa teen magazine Special Pop dere: “Hardy na-enwe ike ịdọta ma ụmụaka ma ndị mụrụ ha, ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị. Karịa ịbụ naanị onye na-agụ egwu, ọ na-aghọ ụdị akụkọ ifo zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ọtụtụ puku ụmụ agbọghọ na-arọ nrọ ịkọwa onwe ha dịka ya.”[128]

N’ọkara nke abụọ nke afọ iri ahụ, Hardy ghọrọ onye a ma ama dịka onye na-akpali mmụọ n’omenala ma bụrụkwa ihe mkpali (muse) nye ọtụtụ ndị okike na ndị nka.[122][175] Ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe mere eserese ya, gụnyere Michel Bourdais [fr],[198] Bernard Buffet,[199] Gabriel Pasqualini[200] na Jean-Paul Goude.[201] N’afọ 1965, Jacques Prévert dere uri e nyere onye na-agụ egwú ahụ aha ya bụ Une plante verte, nke a gụrụ dịka akụkụ nke mmemme Hardy na Olympia.[202] Ọ bụkwa isiokwu uri nke Manuel Vázquez Montalbán dere[203] nakwa open letter nke Paul Guth dere.[204] Onye na-ese ihe Belgium Guy Peellaert jiri Hardy dịka ihe atụ maka agwa bụ isi nke akwụkwọ eserese (comic) ya nke 1968, Pravda la Survireuse, nke sitere n’ike mmụọ nsọ pop art na echiche psychedelic, ma mee ya na mmekorita ya na onye odee ihe nkiri France Pascal Thomas.[175][205]

Onye na-agụ egwú ahụ masịrị onye na-ese ihe Spain Salvador Dalí,[122] onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ nọrọ otu izu na ya na Cadaqués n’afọ 1968.[206] Hardy bụkwa onye a na-enwe mmasị n’ebe ndị nọ na gburugburu Swinging London nọ,[207][19] ma o kwetara na ọ bụ “isi iyi nke mmasị pụrụ iche nye ndị na-egwu pop Bekee.”[7] Malcolm McLaren kọwara ya dịka “onye kachasị elu n’ụdị pinup girl, nke e tinyere foto ya n’ụlọ ihi ụra nke ndị na-amụ egwu pop niile na-achọ ịdị n’ihu oge na Chelsea. Ọtụtụ ndị otu egwu n’oge ha kacha ewu ewu, dịka the Beatles ma ọ bụ the Stones, na-arọ nrọ iso ya nwee mmekọrịta ịhụnanya.”[34] Oyiyi ya dọtara mmasị nke David Bowie mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata,[104] Mick Jagger (onye kpọrọ ya “nwanyị kacha zuru oke” n’anya ya),[7] Brian Jones,[79] Morrissey,[173] na Richard Thompson.[123]

Bob Dylan nwere nnukwu mmasị n’ebe Hardy nọ ma tinye beat poem e dere maka ya n’azụ mkpuchi albọm ya nke 1964, Another Side of Bob Dylan.[123][7] Uri ahụ malitere: “for françoise hardy/at the seine's edge/a giant shadow/of notre dame/seeks t' grab my foot/sorbonne students/whirl by on thin bicycles/swirlin' lifelike colors of leather spin...”[124][208] N’afọ 2018, Hardy gwara Uncut na o nwere ụfọdụ akwụkwọ mbụ nke uri ahụ Dylan hapụrụ n’otu ụlọ kọfị. Ọ sịrị, “... Obi metụrụ m nnọọ aka. Ọ bụ nwoke dị afọ ntorobịa, onye na-ese ihe nwere mmetụta ịhụnanya nke ukwuu, onye nwere mmasị pụrụ iche n’ebe mmadụ nọ naanị n’ihi foto ya. Ị ma otú ndị ntorobịa si adị... Achọpụtara m na nke a dị ezigbo mkpa nye ya.”[123]

Hardy na Dylan zutere na Mee 1966 n’azụ ikpo okwu nke ngosi ya na Olympia.[209] Mgbe Dylan hụrụ na Hardy nọ n’etiti ndị na-ekiri ya, ọ jụrụ ịlaghachi n’ikpo okwu ka o mee akụkụ nke abụọ nke ngosi ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na Hardy agaghị abịa n’ụlọ mgbakwasa uwe ya.[87][210] Hardy na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-agụ egwú mechara soro Dylan gaa n’ụlọ nkwari akụ ya na Four Seasons Hotel George V,[210] ebe o nyere ya mbipụta mbụ nke egwu “"Just Like a Woman” na “I Want You”.[87]

Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Dị ka onye a ma ama n’ihu ọha, a maara Hardy nke ọma maka ịdị ya n’ezoghị ọnụ gbasara echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya,[122] nke a kọwara dịka nke right-wing.[71][211] A zụlitere ya n’ezinụlọ Gaullist, ma o kwuru na Télérama n’afọ 2011, sị: “Anaghị m akwado ihe niile a na-ekwu ma ọ bụ a na-eme n’aka nri, ma anaghịkwa m elelị ihe niile a na-eme ma ọ bụ a na-ekwu n’aka aka ekpe... n’eziokwu, abụ m onye nọ n’etiti ụzọ (centrist).”[3] N’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya nke afọ 2008, o dere na naanị ihe ọ na-ahụ onwe ya n’ime ya bụ nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi, nke ọ kpọrọ ihe “na-abụghị nke aka nri ma ọ bụ nke aka ekpe.”[153]

Mgbe ọ na-akwalite album ya Décalages, Hardy nyere magazin Rockland ajụjụ ọnụ. Mkparịta ụka ahụ gbagoro n’ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ebe 1988 French presidential election mere ụbọchị gara aga,[71] ma n’ihi na ọ chere na akụkụ ahụ bụ mkparịta ụka na-abụghị maka ibipụta, Hardy gosipụtara nlelị ya n’ebe ndị nọ n’aka ekpe nọ.[71] O were iwe mgbe e bipụtara akụkụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, ma chebe onwe ya n’ajụjụ ọnụ telivishọn ya na Thierry Ardisson n’ụbọchị 13 Mee, ebe ọ kọwara esemokwu o nwere na onye na-abụ abụ Renaud, na-ekwu na Renaud kparịrị ya n’ihi nkwado ya nye Minista Omenala François Léotard.[71] N’ajụjụ ọnụ Rockland ahụ, o kwukwara banyere racism in France, sị: “A naghị ekwu maka ịkpa ókè megide ndị France, ebe e nwere ụfọdụ ebe ị ga-adị mfe ịbanye ma ọ bụrụ na ị bụghị onye France,”[71] ma kwukwara banyere mmegbu megide ndị Juu, na-atụ aro na “ndị na-ahụ ya ebe niile nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-akụ mkpụrụ ya n’onwe ha.”[153] Onye na-abụ abụ ahụ mechara dee n’akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya na ọ wepụrụ onwe ya n’echiche ndị ahụ.[153]

Hardy bụ onye na-emegide solidarity tax on wealth (French: impôt de solidarité sur la fortune; ISF). Ọ kwadoro tax shield nke ọchịchị Nicolas Sarkozy tinyere n’ọrụ na 2010 ma katọọ atụmatụ ụtụ isi nke François Hollande n’oge 2012 French presidential election, na-agwa Paris Match sị: “Ekwenyere m na ọtụtụ mmadụ aghọtaghị ọdachi ISF na-ebute ndị nọ n’ọnọdụ m. A na-amanye m, mgbe m fọrọ nke nta ka m bụrụ afọ iri asaa ma na-arịa ọrịa, ire ụlọ m ma kwaga ebe ọzọ.”[212][213] Nke a mere ka nwa ya nwoke, Thomas Dutronc, dee na Twitter: “Ma mba mama, echegbula onwe gị, aga m akpọrọ gị ka ị bịa biri n’ụlọ m ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa...”[214][215] Hardy mechara gọnarị akụkọ na ọ ga-abụ onye na-enweghị ebe obibi ma kọwaa na “ọdachi ahụ bụ ndị mmadụ na-efunahụ ọrụ ha n’ihi mbufe ọrụ gaa mba ọzọ na nsogbu ụgwọ Europe.”[212]

Hardy kwupụtara nkwado ya maka ime ka ime ime akwụsị n’afọ bụrụ ihe iwu kwadoro, n’agbanyeghị na ọ kewapụrụ onwe ya na feminism.[216] N’afọ 2015, onye na-abụ abụ ahụ katọrọ ndị na-akwado feminism n’edemede (essay) ya "Avis non autorisés ...", ebe o dere: “Ahụrụ m ha dịka ndị iwe na-ejide, ndị na-adịghị mma n’anya, ya bụ, ndị na-enweghị àgwà nwanyị ọbụla. Enwebeghị m ike ịhụ ihe ọ bụla jikọrọ m na ndị feminists. N’agbanyeghị nke ahụ, e nwere ụfọdụ n’ime ha m gaara eji bụrụ ihe atụ...”[214][217]

N’oge 2017–2018 protests in France, Hardy kwupụtara nkwado ya nye Onye isi ala Emmanuel Macron. O kwuru, sị: “Anyị kwesịrị ikwe ka ọ gbanwee France. Otu akụkụ nke ndị France achọghị ịhụ eziokwu ma rapara n’ime Marxist ideology. Ihe masịrị m banyere Onye isi ala Macron bụ na ọ bụ onye nwere ọhụụ ma ọ bụghị onye na-agbaso echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kpuru ìsì, ma o guzoro ike n’eziokwu.”[81]

N’oge 2023 French pension reform strikes, ọ gwara Le Journal du Dimanche na “ihere na-eme m maka ihe na-eme na France,” n’ihi na ọ na-atụ egwu na “mgba ọrụ ugboro ugboro” ga-eme ka ndị njem nleta ghara ịbịa, ma ọ kwadorokwa iwu mgbanwe ụgwọ ezumike nka.[218]

Ihe nketa na mmetụta

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ole na ole n’ime ihe ndị mara mma na-anọgide ogologo oge n’echiche mmadụ. Ọ bụrụ na egwu ụmụ agbọghọ yé-yé bụ mgbe niile ìhè na-atọ ụtọ nke na-adọrọ mmasị, nke Françoise Hardy na-adịgide dịka nke kacha emetụta n’ihi mgbagwoju anya mmetụta uche ya, ngwakọta zuru oke nke agụụ maka oge gara aga na nke ga-abịa, nke a na-abụ n’ụzọ dị oke nso n’obi. Taa, ọ pụrụ ịdị ka obere ihe na-enweghị nnukwu mkpa, ma n’oge ahụ, n’afọ iri isii nke narị afọ gara aga, ịnụ egwu gbasara obi mgbawa n’ọnụ nwanyị a nwere olu dị nro ma na-abanye n’ime obi mmadụ bụ ihe ama ama pụrụ iche. — Fernando Navarro, El País, 2020.[207]

A na-eme emume Hardy dịka “akụ mba France”[114][123][124] ma bụrụkwa otu n’ime ndị kasị ukwuu n’akụkọ ihe mere eme nke egwu France.[196] Ọ bụ otu n’ime ndị na-ese egwu rere ndekọ kacha ukwuu n’akụkọ ihe mere eme France, ebe e rere ihe karịrị nde 7.6 nke ndekọ ya ruo Novemba 2017.[219] Onye nkatọ America Richie Unterberger kọwara ya dịka “n’enweghị mgbagha, onye na-ese pop-rock kacha mma sitere na mba ahụ n’afọ iri isii nke 1960s”,[120] ma kwuo na ọ ga-achọ ịhụ ka a na-etinye Hardy n’ụlọ nsọ Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[220] N’afọ 2011, a tinyere Hardy n’ime Le Petit Larousse Illustré.[212]

Ọtụtụ afọ mgbe oge kachasị ewu ewu ya n’afọ 1960s gasịrị, a ka na-ewere Hardy dịka onye dị mkpa ma nwee mmetụta n’akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ejiji.[174][177][172][187] Mgbe ọ nọ na Balenciaga, onye nrụpụta ejiji Nicolas Ghesquière kọwara ya na Vogue dịka “ezigbo ọdịdị nke ụdị ejiji France”.[172] Foto ndị na-egosi onye na-abụ abụ ahụ yi uwe ígwè nke Paco Rabanne mere kpaliri Lizzy Gardiner n’ichepụta uwe maka Priscilla, Queen of the Desert nakwa uwe Oscar nke ya.[211] Hardy bụkwa onye na-enye mmụọ nsọ nye onye nrụpụta Japan Rei Kawakubo, onye kpọrọ akara ejiji ya Comme des Garçons aha sitere n’otu ahịrịokwu n’abụ “Tous les garçons et les filles”.[187]

N’oge ọrụ ya niile, Hardy nwetara nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-akwado ya n’etiti gay men, ma obodo ahụ na-ewere ya dịka gay icon. Ọ kwuru ọtụtụ ugboro na ndị enyi ya na ndị na-akwado ya kacha ntụkwasị obi bụ ndị nwoke nwere mmasị n’ebe nwoke ibe ha nọ.[211]

A na-ahụ mmetụta egwu Hardy n’ọrụ ndị na-ese egwu Francophone dịka Coralie Clément,[196] La Femme,[221] Juliette Armanet,[173] Melody's Echo Chamber,[222] Keren Ann[223] na Carla Bruni, onye ṅomiri ụdị Hardy mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ egwu ya.[170]

Ndị odee akọwawo mmetụta ya n’egwu otu avant-pop Bekee Stereolab,[224][225] gụnyere myirịta dị n’etiti olu Hardy na nke onye ndu otu ahụ Lætitia Sadier.[226]

N’èzí ụwa na-asụ French, a kpọtụrụ Hardy dịka onye nyere mmụọ nsọ nye ọtụtụ ndị nwanyị na-ede ma na-abụ abụ dịka Caroline Polachek, Charli XCX, Angel Olsen, Candie Payne, Erin Rae, Heather Trost, Violetta Zironi, Zooey Deschanel na Cat Power.[196]

Hardy metụtakwa ọtụtụ ndị na-ese egwu ọzọ dịka Broadcast, Goldfrapp, Jeremy Jay, The Chap na Xeno & Oaklander. N’otu isiokwu e dere maka Into Creative, onye nduzi ihe nkiri Grant McPhee kọwara ya dịka “nwa agbọghọ nnọchianya maka ndị ihere na-eme na ihe oyiyi nrọ nke na-eme ka ha kwere na ha nwekwara ike ịdị mma ma maa mma.”[227]

N’afọ 2021, Rivers Cuomo nke otu rock America Weezer kpọrọ Hardy otu n’ime “echiche ụda” ya kacha mkpa,[228] ma kwuo na album ya Message personnel metụtara ya nke ukwuu.[229]

Greg Gonzalez nke otu dream pop America Cigarettes After Sex kpọrọ Hardy otu n’ime mmetụta egwu ya kachasị ukwuu,[230] na-ekwu na 2016: “La question zuru oke nke ukwuu; achọrọ m ụdị ịma mma ahụ.”[231]

Album cult nke 1971, La question, pụtara na ndepụta The Guardian nke “album 1000 a ga-anụ tupu mmadụ anwụọ”.[232] Album ahụ nwetara cult following mgbe e wepụtara ya[49][133][233] ma mesịa bụrụ nke a na-ewere dịka elu kachasị elu nke nka Hardy.[234][233]

N’afọ 2017, Pitchfork tinyere Tous les garçons et les filles n’ọnọdụ nke iri itoolu (90) n’ime ndepụta ya nke “Album 200 Kachasị Mma nke Afọ 1960s”, ebe Marc Hogan kọwara ya dịka “nguzo siri ike n’etiti ụda egwu rockabilly na echiche miri emi nke ndị France, nke nwanyị kasị maa mma ma bụrụkwa onye na-anọkarị n’azụ ìgwè mmadụ na France nyefere n’ụzọ pụrụ iche.”[235] N’afọ 2023, Rolling Stone tinyere Hardy n’ọnọdụ nke 162 n’ime ndepụta ya nke Ndị Na-abụ Egwu 200 Kasị Ukwuu n’Oge Niile.[236]

Nyocha nke onwe ya banyere ọrụ ya

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Hardy na-akatọ album mbụ ya abụọ, Tous les garçons et les filles na Le premier bonheur du jour, n’agbanyeghị nnukwu ewu ewu ha nwere.[123] O kwuru n’ajụjụ ọnụ e mere ya n’afọ 2018 na ọ “na-enwe nnukwu nkụda mmụọ n’ihi na ọchịchọ ya bụ ịnwe guitar eletrik mara mma... Kama nke ahụ, enwere m ndị na-egwu egwu France na-adịghị mma na mmepụta egwu jọgburu onwe ya.”[96] Mgbe ọ gara London n’afọ 1963 iji dekọọ album ọhụrụ, o chere na ya enweela ohere “ime ụdị egwu ọzọ, ọ bụghị ụdị egwu igwe ahụ nke m tọrọ n’ime ya.”[7]

N’agbanyeghị na album ndị o wepụtara na mbido afọ 1970s—La question, Et si je m'en vais avant toi, na If You Listen—emeghị nke ọma n’ahịa, Hardy chere na ha gosipụtara nke ọma nkà nka ya.[43] Karịsịa, o nwere nnukwu mpako banyere La question, ma kwuo n’afọ 2008, sị: “Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwetaghị nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n’etiti ọha mmadụ n’ozuzu ha, enwere m ike ikwu na o metụrụ ụdị ndị na-ege ntị ọzọ aka... Ọtụtụ mgbe, album nwere nnukwu ebumnuche nwere ike ileghara anya mgbe mbụ e wepụtara ya, ma n’ikpeazụ ọ na-adịgide ogologo oge.”[43] N’ajụjụ ọnụ ya na The Independent n’afọ 1996, Hardy kwuru na o kwenyere na ọtụtụ mmadụ amaghị nke ọma nkà ya dịka onye na-ese egwu, nakwa na ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ka ọ na-ekwu maka afọ 1960s na the Beatles.[122]

Ndụ onwe onye

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ezinụlọ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Hardy na onye egwu ibe ya Jacques Dutronc malitere mmekọrịta ha n’afọ 1967 ma lụọ di na nwunye n’afọ 1981.

N’afọ 1962, Hardy malitere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya na nke ọrụ ya na onye na-ese foto nke Salut Les Copains, Jean-Marie Périer.[17][82] Ha anaghị ebikọ ọnụ, ma n’ihi ọrụ ha, ha na-anọkarị iche ogologo oge, nke metụtara mmekọrịta ahụ n’ụzọ na-adịghị mma.[79] Ha kewara n’afọ 1966,[87] mana ha gara n’ihu bụrụ ezigbo ndị enyi na ndị mmekọ ọrụ.[78] N’afọ 1967, Hardy malitere mmekọrịta a na-ekwukarị banyere ya n’ihu ọha na eze na onye na-abụ abụ Jacques Dutronc.[237][238] Mgbe nwa ha naanị ya, nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Thomas, mụrụ na 16 Juun 1973,[239] Hardy na Dutronc kwagara n’ụlọ nwere okpukpu atọ dị nso na Parc Montsouris n’oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 1974.[239] Ezinụlọ ahụ na-aga kwa oge ọkọchị n’ụlọ Dutronc nwere na Lumio n’agwaetiti Corsica.[239] Mgbe Thomas Dutronc toro, ọ malitekwara ọrụ ya dịka onye egwu.[240]

Hardy na Dutronc lụrụ di na nwunye na 30 Maachị 1981 n’emume nzuzo.[241] Dị ka Hardy si kwuo, ha kwadoro mmekọrịta ha n’iwu n’ihi “ihe gbasara ụtụ isi”,[66] nakwa n’ihi ndụmọdụ onye ọka iwu Hardy nyere ya maka ihe gbasara ahụike na nchekwa.[241] Di na nwunye ahụ kewara n’afọ 1988 n’ihi mmekọrịta ịhụnanya ha na ndị ọzọ na nsogbu mmanya Dutronc nwere.[62][242] Ha akwụsịghị alụmdi na nwunye ha n’iwu, ma mmekọrịta ha ghọrọ ụdị “enyi pụrụ iche”.[242] N’afọ 2016, Hardy gwara Le Parisien na ọbụna mgbe Dutronc nwere onye òtù ọlụlụ ọhụrụ, ọ chọghị ịgba ya alụkwaghịm.[243]

Ná mmalite afọ ndị 1980, ọ mụtara na nna ya, onye ọ na-anọghị nso, biri ndụ abụọ dịka nwoke nwoke ibe ya na-achọ n’ime nzuzo, mgbe otu n’ime ndị ntorobịa ọ hụrụ n’anya jiri nkwado ego nna ya na-enye ya mee nganga n’ihu otu n’ime ndị enyi Dutronc.[98] Nna ya nwụrụ n’ụlọ ọgwụ na 6 Febrụwarị 1981 mgbe e merụsịrị ya ahụ n’ọgụ,[98] ma eleghị anya site n’aka otu nwoke na-ere mmekọahụ,[244] ihe a na-akọghị n’akụkọ mgbasa ozi n’oge ahụ.[69] Nwanne nwanyị Hardy, Michèle, tolitere n’enweghị ịhụnanya sitere n’aka nne na nna ha, ma nwee omume igbu onwe ya na mgbaàmà nke paranoid schizophrenia.[216] N’ọnwa Mee 2004, a hụrụ ya nwụrụ anwụ n’ụlọ ya dị na L'Île-Rousse, ma eleghị anya n’ihi igbu onwe ya.[101]

Ahụike na ọnwụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N’agbata njedebe afọ 2004 na mmalite afọ 2005, a chọpụtara na Hardy nwere MALT lymphoma,[108][245] nke malitere oge ọ kọwara dịka “oge ọkụ mmụọ” nke gbagburu ndụ ya n’usoro.[101] Ọ natara ọgwụgwọ chemotherapy, nke rụpụtara ezigbo nsonaazụ na mbụ.[101] N’ọnwa Maachị 2015, ọnọdụ ahụike ya ka njọ, a kpọbatara ya n’ụlọ ọgwụ, ebe e tinyere ya n’ime artificial coma ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ.[110] Mgbe ọ nọ n’ụlọ ọgwụ, ọ gbajiri ikpere ụkwụ na ikpere aka.[110] Ọ gwara Le Figaro n’afọ 2015: “Enwekwara m nnukwu nsogbu n’ịga ije... E nwere oge m na-enweghị ike ịhụ onye ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ịpụ apụ. Ma ana m anọgide na-enwe olileanya ọma... Ana m ezere iche banyere ya; ọ naghị achịkwa echiche m.”[246] Hardy gara n’ihu ịnata ọgwụgwọ chemotherapy ọzọ na immunotherapy.[247] Ahụike ya gara n’ihu ịka njọ, ma n’afọ 2021 ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama n’ịkwado iwu ga-eme ka physician-assisted suicide bụrụ ihe kwere omume na France. O kwuru na ajụjụ ọnụ dị iche iche na, ma ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ya aghọọ ihe na-adịghị anabata ma mee ka ọ ghara ime “ihe ndị ndụ [ya] chọrọ”, ọ ga-achọ euthanasia, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gaghị enwe ohere ime ya n’iwu.[248][247] N’otu afọ ahụkwa, ọ kpughere na ọ pụghịzi ịbụ abụ n’ihi mmetụta ọgwụgwọ ndị ahụ nwere n’ahụ ya.[78] Hardy nwụrụ n’ihi laryngeal cancer na Paris na 11 Juun 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80.[249] Tupu ọnwụ ya, ọ tara ahụhụ site n’ịda ugboro ugboro na mgbaji ọkpụkpụ dị iche iche.[249][250] Nwa ya nwoke kwupụtara ọnwụ ya na Instagram, dee, “Mama apụọla...”[251] e mere emume ikpeazụ maka ya na Père Lachaise Cemetery n’ụlọ crematorium na columbarium ya.[252]

Ihe nkiri egwu ahọpụtara

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe nkiri

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Year Title Role Director Notes Ref.
1963 Nutty, Naughty Chateau (Château en Suède) Ophélie Roger Vadim — [34]
1964 The Hully Gully Boys (I Ragazzi Dell'Hully Gully  [it]) Herself Marcello Giannini na Carlo Infascelli onye na-eme egwu [84]
1965 This Crazy, Crazy World of Song (Questo Pazzo, Pazzo Mondo Della Canzone) Bruno Corbucci na Giovanni Grimaldi [85]
What's New Pussycat? Mayor's secretary Clive Donner ọdịdị cameo [34]
Highest Pressure (Altissima Pressione) Herself Enzo Trapani onye na-eme egwu [86]
1966 Devil at My Heels (Une balle au cœur) Anna Jean-Daniel Pollet — [79]
Masculine Feminine American officer's companion Jean-Luc Godard ọdịdị cameo [89]
Europe Sing (Europa Canta) Herself José Luis Merino onye na-eme egwu [86]
Grand Prix Lisa John Frankenheimer — [88]
1968 Monte Carlo: It's The Rose (Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose) Herself Michael Pfleghar ihe ngosi telivishọn pụrụ iche [86]
1969 The Man Who Came From Cher (L'Homme Qui Venait du Cher) Suzanne Pierre Desfons ihe nkiri telivishọn [90]
1972 The Doves (Les Colombes  [fr]) Young hippie Jean-Claude Lord ọdịdị cameo [91]
1976 If I Had to Do It All Over Again (Si C'Était à Refaire) Herself Claude Lelouch onye na-eme egwu [92]

Ọrụ ebipụtara

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ọgụgụ Eluigwe
  • Le grand livre de la Vierge (The Great Book Of The Virgin) (ya na Béatrice Guénin) (1979)[263]
  • Entre les lignes, entre les signes (Between The Lines, Between The Signs) (ya na Anne-Marie Simond) (1986)
  • L'astrologie universelle (Universal Astrology) (1987)[264]
  • Les rythmes du zodiaque (The Rhythms Of The Zodiac) (2003)[265]
Akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo
  • Notes secrètes: entretiens avec Eric Dumont (Secret Notes: Interviews With Eric Dumont) (1991) (ajụjụ ọnụ)[266]
  • Le désespoir des singes... et autres bagatelles (The Despair Of The Monkeys... And Other Trifles) (2008) (akụkọ ndụ onwe onye)[267]
  • Avis non autorisés... (Unauthorized Reviews...) (2015) (edemede)[268]
  • Un cadeau du ciel... (A Gift From Heaven...) (2016) (essay)[269]
  • Chansons sur toi et nous (Songs About You And Us) (2021) (akwụkwọ egwu)[270]
Akwụkwọ akụkọ
  • L'amour fou (Crazy Love) (2014)[271]

Hụkwa

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Edensibia

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  1. 1 2 3 4 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "One"
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Françoise Hardy, la mélancolie en chansons", 8 October 2020. (in French)
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "«C'est ton enfance / Qui se promène à cloche-pied / Dans ta mémoire..."
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dieu, Sarah (31 March 2021). Françoise Hardy malade: ce que l'on sait sur sa santé (French). L'Internaute.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Françoise Hardy – Biography. Radio France Internationale (March 2013). Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  6. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans mon lit / Je dors, je rêve ou je lis»"
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 O'Hagan, Sean (29 April 2018). Françoise Hardy: 'I sing about death in a symbolic, even positive way'. The Observer. Guardian Media Group.
  8. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "Les étés autrichiens"
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Two"
  10. ↑ "Francoise is France's little girl next door", Daily Mirror, 23 March 1963, p. 16.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "«Un air de guitare..."
  12. ↑ Dartois, Florence (29 March 2021). 1962, Françoise Hardy, jeune espoir du "Petit conservatoire" (French). INA.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "En Vogue"
  14. 1 2 Dartois, Florence (29 March 2021). 1962, Françoise Hardy, jeune espoir du "Petit conservatoire" (French). INA.
  15. 1 2 Briggs, 2015, pp. 14–25
  16. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "La vie de tournée"
  17. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«L'amour d'un garçon / Peut tout changer»"
  18. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Des projets d'avenir"
  19. 1 2 de la Fuente, Manuel (21 October 2012). Françoise Hardy: album ọhụrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ (Spanish). ABC.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Quinonero, 2017, "Électre en ciré noir"
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 Quinonero, 2017, "«À vingt ans / On est les rois du monde»"
  22. ↑ Vetter, Marc (18 March 2016). "Françoise Hardy: Mon amie la rose (Nyocha na Streaming)". Rolling Stone (in German). Germany. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cills, Hazel (21 October 2015). Françoise Hardy: Tous Les Garçons Et Les Filles / Le Premier Bonheur Du Jour / Mon Amie La Rose / La Maison Ou J'Ai Grandi / L'Amitié. Pitchfork.
  24. 1 2 3 4 Schulz, Cosette (14 October 2015). Françoise Hardy – Tous les garçons et les filles / Le premier bonheur du jour / Mon amie la rose / L'Amitié / La maison où j'ai grandi. Exclaim!.
  25. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«Question» mythique"
  26. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«LA FENÊTRE OUVERTE SUR LE MONDE... ne vaut pas celle fermée sur mon amour...»"
  27. ↑ Toutes les Chansons N° 1 des Années 60's (French). InfoDisc (2018).
  28. ↑ Anthony, Richard (2010). Quand on choisit la liberté (in French). Florent Massot. ISBN 978-2738226587. 
  29. ↑ Anthony, Richard (2010). Quand on choisit la liberté (in French). Florent Massot. ISBN 978-2738226587. 
  30. ↑ "Billboard Hits of the World". Billboard. 8 June 1963. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans quel pays vous cachez-vous?»"
  32. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  33. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«Des façons Londres de me promettre Corfou»"
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Deluxe, 2013. p. 60
  35. ↑ Tous les garçons et les filles. Official Singles Chart.
  36. 1 2 Unterberger, Richie. All Over the World – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "«Dans le monde entier»"
  38. ↑ Flückiger, Laurent. "La "photo du siècle" a 50 ans", Le Matin, 12 April 2016. (in French)
  39. 1 2 3 Quinonero, 2017, "Septième album"
  40. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«En anglais»"
  41. ↑ Françoise Hardy, French pop singer and fashion muse, dies aged 80 (12 June 2024).
  42. 1 2 3 4 Quinonero, 2017, "Double changement de domicile"
  43. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Seven"
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 Quinonero, 2017, "Soleil ou lune"
  45. ↑ Waltersmoke (30 May 2014). Françoise Hardy – Soleil (1970) (French). Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr.
  46. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  47. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  48. ↑ Blay, Milton (2014). Direto de Paris: coq au vin com feijoada (in pt). Editora Contexto. ISBN 9788572448543. 
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Françoise Hardy en question (fr). Télérama. Groupe Le Monde (9 April 2016).
  50. 1 2 Weiner, Judith. "Interview", 25 October 1971, p. 19. (in fr)
  51. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  52. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  53. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  54. 1 2 Lehoux, Valérie (27 April 2012). La vie en musique de Françoise Hardy (French). Télérama.
  55. ↑ Lesueur, 2015. p. 1938
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 Quinonero, 2017, "Le rouge et l'orange"
  57. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«TOUS CES MOTS QUI FONT PEUR QUAND ILS NE FONT PAS RIRE... [...] Je voudrais vous les dire / Et je voudrais les vivre...»"
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eight"
  59. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Michel Berger, l'homme pressé"
  60. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  61. 1 2 3 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Nine"
  62. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "«Il y a eu des nuits / Où je mourais de toi / Comme on meurt de faim...»"
  63. 1 2 3 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Ten"
  64. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  65. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quinonero, 2017, "Gabriel Yared, le gentil tyran"
  66. 1 2 3 4 5 McNair, James. "Belle star", The Independent, 5 February 2005.
  67. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Quinonero, 2017, "Saoule au gin-tonic"
  69. 1 2 3 4 Quinonero, 2017, "Mariage et élections"
  70. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "Fausse sortie"
  71. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hardy, 2017, "Décalages et dérapages"
  72. ↑ Lawrence, Alistair (2012). Abbey Road: The Best Studio in the World. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1608199990. 
  73. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  74. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  75. ↑ Grande médaille de la chanson française (French). Académie Française.
  76. 1 2 Sullivan, Caroline (11 April 2013). Françoise Hardy: L'Amour Fou – review. The Guardian.
  77. ↑ Far Out Staff Françoise Hardy to release new studio album "Personne d'autre" Archived 3 Novemba 2023 at the Wayback Machine, Far Out Magazine, Retrieved on 7 May 2018.
  78. 1 2 3 Locoge, Benjamin (28 March 2021). Françoise Hardy : "Mes chansons m'aidaient à supporter mes douleurs" (French). Paris Match.
  79. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Three"
  80. ↑ González Ruiz, Pilar (27 August 2017). "Françoise Hardy sentía amor por la música pero no por exponer su intimidad" (Spanish). El Diario Montañés.
  81. 1 2 3 Poirier, Agnès C.. "Françoise Hardy, a French National Treasure, Is Back from the Brink", The New York Times, 9 May 2018.
  82. 1 2 3 Deluxe, 2013. p. 58
  83. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Actrice malgré elle"
  84. 1 2 Baldazzi, Gianfranco (1989). La canzone italiana del Novecento (in Italian). Newton Compton Editori. 
  85. 1 2 (1966) "Questo pazzo, pazzo mondo della canzone" (in Italian). Bianco e Nero 27. 
  86. 1 2 3 4 5 (2006) Encyclopedia of Popular Music, 4th, Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195313734. 
  87. 1 2 3 4 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Four"
  88. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Pour la «beauté renversante» d'un cinéaste"
  89. 1 2 Masculin féminin and French Youth Fashion. The Museum at FIT. Fashion Institute of Technology (3 March 2017).
  90. 1 2 (2012) Il faut rentrer maintenant (in French). Editions de la Martinière. ISBN 978-2732451473. 
  91. 1 2 Ramond, Charles-Henri (6 October 2020). Colombes, Les – Film de Jean-Claude Lord (French). Films du Québec.
  92. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Annexe: Filmographie"
  93. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Six"
  94. ↑ Hardy, Françoise (2007). "Introducción", L'astrologie universelle (in Spanish). Barcelona: De Vecchi Ediciones. ISBN 978-8431535810. 
  95. ↑ Lenoble, Yves (2020). L'astrologie: le grand voyage en soi et dans l'avenir (in French). BoD, 103–104. ISBN 978-2382580141. 
  96. 1 2 Scott, Hayley (23 April 2018). Another Person: Françoise Hardy Interviewed. Clash.
  97. 1 2 3 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Twelve"
  98. 1 2 3 4 5 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eleven"
  99. ↑ (1986) Entre les lignes, entre les signes (in French). France: RMC Edition. ISBN 978-2868550064. 
  100. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "Là pour personne ?"
  101. 1 2 3 4 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Eighteen"
  102. ↑ Cormier, Sylvain (17 November 2012). Françoise Hardy, d'amour dévorée, d'amour nourrie (French). Le Devoir.
  103. ↑ De Castro, Javier (14 March 2017). "La desesperación de los simios... y otras bagatelas", de Françoise Hardy (Spanish). Efe Eme.
  104. 1 2 Quinn, Anthony (28 July 2018). The Despair of Monkeys and Other Trifles review – Françoise Hardy's memoir. The Guardian.
  105. 1 2 Blais, Marie-Christine. "Françoise Hardy : comment t'écrire adieu...", La Presse, 21 November 2012. (in French)
  106. 1 2 Françoise Hardy : " Je suis une angoissée " (French). Le Figaro (9 November 2012).
  107. ↑ Hardy, Françoise (2013). L'amore folle (in Italian). Florence: Edizioni Clichy. ISBN 978-8867990214. 
  108. 1 2 3 4 Chatrier, Marie-France (3 August 2015). Message personnel de Françoise Hardy (French). Paris Match.
  109. ↑ Mirande, Jean-Noël (3 April 2015). Les vérités nues de Françoise Hardy (French). Le Point.
  110. 1 2 3 4 Aïssaoui, Mohammed (17 October 2016). Françoise Hardy se livre sur sa maladie (French). Le Figaro.
  111. 1 2 Cormier, Sylvain (15 May 2021). "Chansons sur toi et nous": les mots de la parolière (French). Le Devoir.
  112. ↑ L'anxiété pour Françoise Hardy: "J'y puise en partie mon inspiration" (French). L'Express (23 May 2013).
  113. ↑ Ferguson, Maeri (13 November 2015). French Songstress Françoise Hardy Gets Reissue Treatment (ALBUM REVIEW). Glide Magazine.
  114. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Jurek, Thom. Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  115. 1 2 3 Marie, Brett (17 May 2018). Capricorn vs. Cancer: The Story of French Singer-songwriter Françoise Hardy. PopMatters.
  116. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "« es chansons plein la tête»"
  117. 1 2 Farkas, Basile (20 May 2018). Les guitares électriques planantes, c'est ce dont j'ai rêvé toute ma vie (French). Rock & Folk.
  118. ↑ Bret, David (2014). Brit Girls of the Sixties Volume Two: Marianne Faithfull & Kathy Kirby. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1291801408. 
  119. ↑ Altham, Keith (20 August 2014). Marianne Faithfull: 'I'm more of a Beatles than a Stones fan' – a classic interview. The Guardian.
  120. 1 2 3 4 Unterberger, Richie (3 December 2015). Françoise Hardy: Les Versions Originales. Folkrocks.
  121. 1 2 Kopp, Bill (14 October 2014). BEYOND THE VALLEY OF THE FRANCOPHILES: Françoise Hardy. Blurt. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  122. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sweeney, Philip. "Arts: Don't talk to me about the Sixties", The Independent, 14 June 1996.
  123. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Pinnock, Tom (15 June 2018). Françoise Hardy interviewed: "In my head I'm still very young". Uncut.
  124. 1 2 3 4 Beardsley, Eleanor (12 September 2018). Françoise Hardy Remains France's National Treasure. NPR.
  125. 1 2 3 Ollivier, Stéphane (7 July 2000). L'interview des internautes : Françoise Hardy (French). Les Inrockuptibles.
  126. 1 2 Norot, Anne-Claire (7 July 2000). Françoise Hardy : ses mélodies du bonheur (French). Les Inrockuptibles.
  127. ↑ Médioni, Gilles (21 November 2011). Le musée imaginaire de Françoise Hardy (French). L'Express.
  128. 1 2 Deluxe, 2013. p. 57
  129. 1 2 Moreland, Quinn (15 October 2020). French Icon Françoise Hardy on the Music of Her Life. Pitchfork.
  130. ↑ Drott, Eric (2011). Music and the Elusive Revolution: Cultural Politics and Political Culture in France, 1968–1981. University of California Press, 93–94. ISBN 978-0520268975. 
  131. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "«La plus belle des fleurs de ton jardin»"
  132. 1 2 3 4 5 Warfield, Russell (15 January 2016). Album Review: Françoise Hardy – 2016 reissues. Drowned in Sound. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  133. 1 2 Comment te dire Hardy (fr). France Inter (16 July 2016).
  134. 1 2 3 Humphries, Patrick (2012). Nick Drake: The Biography. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1408841440. 
  135. 1 2 Unterberger, Richie. Le Danger – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  136. ↑ Mason, Stewart. The Yeh-Yeh Girl from Paris – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  137. ↑ Bush, John. The Vogue Years – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  138. ↑ Hayley, Scott (23 February 2016). The fleeting voice of a generation: Françoise Hardy's first five albums reassessed. The Line of Best Fit. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  139. ↑ Unterberger, Richie. Ma Jeunesse Fout Le Camp – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  140. 1 2 Trodaec, Michel (8 April 2020). Les trésors de nos discothèques. Françoise Hardy a chanté tant de belles choses (French). Ouest-France.
  141. 1 2 Unterberger, Richie. Comment Te Dire Adieu – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  142. 1 2 3 James, Matt (21 March 2014). Françoise Hardy: Message Personnel (40th Anniversary Edition). PopMatters.
  143. 1 2 3 4 Monroe, Jazz. Françoise Hardy: Personne d'autre Album Review. Pitchfork.
  144. ↑ "La 'chanson' de la musa madura", El País, Ediciones El País, S.L., 15 February 2013. (in es) “Atrás quedan los temas de su primera etapa, cancioncillas pegadizas de las que abomina. Hasta La question, de 1971, a partir de la cual se inicia una segunda época de la que sí está orgullosa.”
  145. ↑ Unterberger, Richie. La Question – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  146. ↑ Ballon, John (6 October 2008). Françoise Hardy – La question. MustHear. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  147. ↑ The Lagniappe Sessions: Yann Tiersen. Aquarium Drunkard (28 February 2020).
  148. ↑ Unterberger, Richie. If You Listen – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  149. ↑ Waltersmoke (31 May 2014). Françoise HARDY – Et Si Je M'en Vais Avant Toi (1972) (French). Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr.
  150. ↑ Jurek, Thom. Message Personnel – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  151. ↑ Waltersmoke (18 July 2014). Françoise HARDY – Star (1977) (French). Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr.
  152. ↑ Vergeade, Franck (26 March 2020). Track of confinement #9 : Le Danger, de Françoise Hardy (French). Les Inrockuptibles.
  153. 1 2 3 4 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Thirteen"
  154. ↑ McClintock, J. Scott. Parenthèses – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  155. ↑ Prunes, Mariano. La Pluie Sans Parapluie – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  156. ↑ Price, Simon. "Album: Françoise Hardy, L'Amour Fou (EMI)", The Independent, 13 April 2013.
  157. 1 2 Jurek, Thom. Personne d'Autre – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.
  158. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "Premières scènes"
  159. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "Les Trois Grâces"
  160. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«Gala des étoiles» et concours de l'Eurovision"
  161. ↑ London 1963.
  162. ↑ (2003) Chronique de la chanson française (in fr). Editions Chronique. ISBN 9782205055214. 
  163. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "Suivre sa voie"
  164. ↑ Giannotti, Marcello (2005). L'enciclopedia di Sanremo: 55 anni di storia del festival dalla A alla Z (in Italian). Gremese Editore. ISBN 978-8884403797. 
  165. ↑ Chanson singer Francoise Hardy turns 70. Deutsche Welle (17 January 2014).
  166. ↑ Vial, Michel (17 June 2016). INTERVIEW. Françoise Hardy : "J'ai l'impression d'avoir tout dit, je ne crois pas que je puisse faire mieux" (French). France Info.
  167. ↑ Robson, David (31 August 2016). Why we should celebrate shyness. BBC Future.
  168. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  169. ↑ Deluxe, 2013. p. 29
  170. 1 2 3 Gámez, Carles (8 November 2011). Françoise Hardy, la más bella del baile (Spanish). Tentaciones. El País.
  171. ↑ Barker, Emily (12 September 2013). 10 Iconic Rock Stars Shot By The Legendary Gered Mankowitz. NME.
  172. 1 2 3 4 Borrelli-Persson, Laird (16 January 2015). Françoise Hardy Forever: 10 Ways to Achieve the French Singer's Iconic Style. Vogue.
  173. 1 2 3 4 Pourquoi Françoise Hardy nous enchante toujours (French). Vanity Fair (18 July 2018).
  174. 1 2 Kendall, Zoë (22 January 2021). 7 of Françoise Hardy's most iconic outfits. i-D. Vice Media.
  175. 1 2 3 Deluxe, 2013. p. 64
  176. ↑ "Françoise Hardy", The Times, 8 January 2005.
  177. 1 2 3 Les looks avant-gardistes de Françoise Hardy (French). Le Journal des femmes. Groupe Figaro (29 January 2019).
  178. 1 2 Goldszal, Clémentine. "Quelqu'un d'Hardy", Elle, 27 October 2008. (in French)
  179. ↑ Deluxe, 2013. p. 63
  180. ↑ Mort d'André Courrèges, le couturier fétiche de Françoise Hardy (French). Ouest-France (1 August 2016).
  181. ↑ Lahrichi, Yasmine (19 June 2019). Le smoking d'Yves Saint Laurent : histoire d'une révolution (French). Numéro. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  182. ↑ Foreman, Katya (21 October 2015). Smoking hot: The woman's tuxedo. BBC.
  183. ↑ Garrigues, Manon (13 December 2018). Why you should see the "Paco Rabanne, Fashion Metallurgist" exhibition. Vogue Paris.
  184. 1 2 Françoise Hardy: French singersongwriter whose melancholic ballads influenced a generation (en) (June 22, 2024).
  185. ↑ Braunstein, Peter (February 21, 2001). "Visiting Planet Paco" (in en). Women's Wear Daily. Templeeti:ProQuest. 
  186. 1 2 Newbold, Alice (2024-06-12). Françoise Hardy Was the French-Girl Style Blueprint (en-US).
  187. 1 2 3 Fearon, Faye (17 January 2018). 10 Style Lessons To Take From Françoise Hardy For The Season Ahead. British Vogue.
  188. ↑ "Newspaper Fashion: Prophet motives Paco Rabanne launched his 21st century designs 30 years ago and has been looking to the future ever since. Which is odd, because he's also a soothsayer who is certain that the end of our time is at hand", The Guardian, June 10, 1995, p. 48. Templeeti:ProQuest.
  189. 1 2 3 Darcella, Aria (17 January 2018). The Enduring Style of Françoise Hardy and the Yé-Yé Girls. CR Fashion Book. CR Fashion Book. Hearst Communications. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  190. ↑ Lobenthal, Joel (1990). Radical Rags: Fashions of the Sixties. Abbeville Press. ISBN 0896599302. 
  191. ↑ Paris Refashioned, 1957–1968. The Museum at FIT. Fashion Institute of Technology (15 April 2017).
  192. ↑ (1995) Contemporary Fashion. St. James Press. ISBN 978-1558621732. 
  193. ↑ Saas, Séverine. "Sonia Rykiel, toute une vie en couleur", Le Temps, 26 August 2016. (in French)
  194. ↑ Nuria, Luis (8 October 2020). De Stephen Burrows a la Comedia del Arte: repaso visual a la historia del color block (Spanish). Vogue.
  195. ↑ Françoise Hardy, icône française de la chanson (French). L'Express (5 March 2015). “C'est un soir de réréfendum sur le suffrage universel pour l'élection présidentielle, en 1962, que la France découvre l'interprète de Tous les garçons et les filles. Françoise Hardy séduit alors le pays et vend cette année-là 500 000 exemplaires de son 45 tours avant de connaître un succès international. Françoise Hardy, c'est aussi un style très affirmé: mini-jupe, boots blanches et longue frange, qui vont faire d'elle une égérie de la mode. Elle est enfin la mère de Thomas Dutronc, fils qu'elle a eu avec son mari le chanteur Jacques Dutronc.”
  196. 1 2 3 4 Lima, Carlos Eduardo (17 October 2013). Françoise Hardy e Suas Meninas (Portuguese). Monkeybuzz.
  197. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "«Son allure de page travesti»"
  198. ↑ Anthony, Richard (2010). Quand on choisit la liberté (in French). Florent Massot. ISBN 978-2738226587. “Françoise, elle aussi, lui acheta un petit portrait qu'il (Michel Bourdais) avait fait d'elle et qu'elle aimait beaucoup. Son pianiste lui acheta l'autre et l'un de mes musiciens lui passa une commande.” 
  199. ↑ Bernard Buffet: Françoise Hardy (1963). Artsy. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  200. ↑ "Tout, tout, tout et le reste sur Françoise". Salut les copains (in French). No. 31. France. February 1965. p. 28.
  201. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  202. ↑ Prévert, Jacques (1992). Œuvres Complètes (in French). Éditions Gallimard. ISBN 978-2070112302. 
  203. ↑ Mistrorigo, Alessandro (2013). "Manuel Vázquez Montalbán leyendo sus poemas: cuerpo y voz, escritura y autoría" (in Spanish). Caracteres. Estudios culturales y críticos de la esfera digital. ISSN 2254-4496. 
  204. ↑ Guth, Paul (1968). Lettre ouverte aux idoles (in French). Éditions Albin Michel, 51–63. 
  205. ↑ Pons, Álvaro. "Guy Peellaert, dibujante y fotógrafo", El País, 19 November 2008. (in Spanish)
  206. ↑ Deluxe, 2013. p. 67
  207. 1 2 Navarro, Fernando. "Rompedoras (IV): Françoise Hardy, la bagatela más esplendorosa", El País, 26 August 2020. (in Spanish)
  208. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media notes
  209. ↑ "La chanteuse Françoise Hardy a reçu des ébauches de lettres d'amour écrites de la main de Bob Dylan, datant des années 60". Rolling Stone (in French). France. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  210. 1 2 Samama, Laurent-David (12 May 2021). Bob Dylan, une passion française (French). Les Echos.
  211. 1 2 3 Guilbert, Georges-Claude (2018). Gay Icons: The (Mostly) Female Entertainers Gay Men Love. McFarland, 85–86. ISBN 9781476674339. 
  212. 1 2 3 Quinonero, 2017, "La pluie..., Hollande et l'ISF"
  213. ↑ Allemandou, Ségolène (10 April 2012). Françoise Hardy dénonce le programme fiscal de François Hollande (French). France 24.
  214. 1 2 Boinet, Carole (6 March 2015). Pour Françoise Hardy, les féministes sont " hargneuses " et " moches " (French). Les Inrockuptibles.
  215. ↑ Mais non maman, ne t'inquiète pas je t'inviterais chez moi au cas où.... Thomas Dutronc on Twitter (11 April 2012).
  216. 1 2 Hardy, 2018 [2008], "Five"
  217. ↑ Bouton, Éloïse (9 March 2015). Françoise Hardy ou la misogynie à l'ancienne (French). HuffPost.
  218. ↑ "J'ai honte de ce qui se passe en France" : Francoise Hardy défend la réforme des retraites (9 April 2023).
  219. ↑ Bilan des Ventes globales (Albums & Chansons) par Artiste (French). InfoDisc (2018).
  220. ↑ Unterberger, Richie (17 June 2014). The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: An Alternate Top Ten. Folkrocks.
  221. ↑ Farkas, Basile (17 September 2016). La Femme: Mystère (French). Rock & Folk.
  222. ↑ Studarus, Laura (7 September 2012). Melody's Echo Chamber: Location, Location, Location. Under the Radar.
  223. ↑ Sprague, David (25 August 2004). Keren Ann. Variety.
  224. ↑ Reynolds, Simon (2011). Retromania: Pop Culture's Addiction to Its Own Past. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0865479944. 
  225. ↑ Where To Start... Stereolab. Clash (19 June 2019).
  226. ↑ Zisman, Marc (8 June 2019). Stereolab, le retour d'un groupe de rock aussi culte que méconnu (French). Télérama.
  227. ↑ French Girl Pop – An Introduction (en-GB) (24 November 2022).
  228. ↑ Cohen, Ian (1 February 2021). Weezer: OK Human Album Review. Pitchfork.
  229. ↑ Kreps, Daniel; Legaspi, Althea (21 January 2021). "Weezer Preview New LP 'OK Human' With 'All My Favorite Songs'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 19 June 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
  230. ↑ Templeeti:Cite AV media
  231. ↑ The Diehard Romanticism of Cigarettes After Sex. Noisey. Vice (17 February 2016).
  232. ↑ 1000 albums to hear before you die: Artists beginning with H (part 1). The Guardian (19 November 2007).
  233. 1 2 Allermann, Juan Ignacio (15 October 2021). Françoise Hardy y los 50 años de La question, su obra maestra de culto (es). Indie Hoy.
  234. ↑ La question (1971), de Françoise Hardy (Spanish). Efe Eme (30 May 2020).
  235. ↑ The 200 Best Albums of the 1960s. Pitchfork (22 August 2017).
  236. ↑ "The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time". Rolling Stone. 1 January 2023. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  237. ↑ Waltersmoke (24 May 2014). Françoise HARDY – Ma Jeunesse Fout Le Camp (1967) (French). Forces Parallèles. Nightfall.fr.
  238. ↑ Quinonero, 2017, "«Le jour où tu voudras / Je serai là pour toi»"
  239. 1 2 3 Quinonero, 2017, "Thomas, l'enfant de l'amour"
  240. ↑ Gámez, Carles. "La resurrección musical de Françoise Hardy", El País, 19 May 2016. (in Spanish)
  241. 1 2 1981, Françoise Hardy révèle son opinion sur le mariage (French). INA (29 March 2021).
  242. 1 2 Quinonero, 2017, "«ME PASSER DU MYSTÈRE DE MISTER» «Qu'y a-t-il sous votre carapace ? / Quels jardins secrets ? / L'un après l'autre / Tout est passé...»"
  243. ↑ VIDEOS. Françoise Hardy : " Rechanter ? Sait-on jamais... " (French). Le Parisien (6 December 2016).
  244. ↑ VIDEOS. Françoise Hardy se confie sur l'homosexualité de son père (French). L'Express (17 February 2016).
  245. ↑ Quinonero, 2017 "«Rien ne défera jamais nos liens»"
  246. ↑ Aïssaoui, Mohammed (4 March 2015). Les coups de griffe de Françoise Hardy (French). Le Figaro.
  247. 1 2 Euthanasie : "Je ne peux rester à attendre que la mort arrive", confie Françoise Hardy (French). RTL (7 April 2021).
  248. ↑ Françoise Hardy: "Je n'ai pas peur de mourir mais j'ai très, très peur de souffrir" (French). Paris Match (17 March 2021). “Quand mon état deviendra encore plus insupportable, je n'aurai, hélas, pas le soulagement de savoir que je peux me faire euthanasier. La France est inhumaine sur ce plan-là.”
  249. 1 2 Françoise Hardy, icône de la culture pop, est morte (French). Le Monde (11 June 2024). Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  250. ↑ "Françoise Hardy, French pop singer and fashion muse, dies aged 80", The Guardian.
  251. ↑ Françoise Hardy, notre âme en peine: Hommage Malade depuis deux décennies, la chanteuse et icône de la culture pop s'en est allée à l'âge de 80 ans. Elle était admirée pour son talent, son courage, et sa volonté tenace cachée dans l'ombre de ses doutes susurrés pendant un demi-siècle (fr) (13 June 2024).
  252. ↑ "Les obsèques de Françoise Hardy se tiendront jeudi à Paris", 2024-06-15. (in fr)
  253. ↑ Françoise Hardy: Tous les garçons et les filles, Le Premier Bonheur du jour, Mon Amie la rose, L'Amitié, La Maison oú j'ai grandi. Spectrum Culture (27 October 2015).
  254. ↑ Françoise Hardy – Françoise Hardy (1963).
  255. ↑ Catalogue number: LPJ 5034.
  256. ↑ Jones, Peter; Jopling, Norman (27 February 1965). "Francoise Hardy" (PDF). Record Mirror. No. 207. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
  257. ↑ Ariza Lázaro, Sergio (17 January 2017). Las 10 mejores canciones de Françoise Hardy (Spanish). Diariocrítico.com.
  258. ↑ Jones, Peter; Jopling, Norman (14 May 1966). "Francoise Hardy: Sings in English" (PDF). Record Mirror. No. 270. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  259. ↑ Maison Ou J'ai Grandi – overview, Allmusic. Accessed on line 1 May 2009.
  260. ↑ Trodaec, Michel (8 April 2020). Les trésors de nos discothèques. Françoise Hardy a chanté tant de belles choses (French). Ouest-France.
  261. ↑ Cover versions of It Hurts to Say Goodbye by Margaret Whiting | SecondHandSongs. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved on 4 June 2026.
  262. ↑ Jurek, Thom. Personne d"Autre – Françoise Hardy. AllMusic.com. Retrieved on 23 May 2018.
  263. ↑ Le grand livre de la Vierge. Booknode. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  264. ↑ L'astrologie universelle: Le zodiaque comme vous ne l'avez jamais vu (French Edition). Abe books. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  265. ↑ (2003) Les rythmes du zodiaque / Françoise Hardy. Madiatheque. ISBN 978-2-7491-0101-9. Retrieved on 11 June 2024. 
  266. ↑ Notes secrètes : Françoise Hardy : entretiens avec Eric Dumont. Worldcat. OCLC 30916651. 
  267. ↑ Le désespoir des singes et autres bagatelles. Babelio. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  268. ↑ Avis non autorisés. Abebooks. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  269. ↑ Un cadeau du ciel. Babelio. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  270. ↑ Chansons sur toi et nous. Jailu. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.
  271. ↑ L'amour fou. Abebooks. Retrieved on 11 June 2024.

Ndekọ Akwụkwọ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Njikọ mpụga

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  1. 1 2 The "Left Bank" scene—named after the left bank of the Seine—was a subgenre of French chanson that emerged in the 1940s, characterized by its stripped-down sound and "emphasis on poetic craftsmanship".[130]
Kpọpụta njehie: <ref> tags exist for a group named "note", but no corresponding <references group="note"/> tag was found.
Ewepụtara site na "https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Françoise_Hardy&oldid=674407"