Frances Baard
Frances Goitsemang Baard | |
|---|---|
| Born | Frances Maswabi (or Masuabi) 13 June 1909 Green Point, Beaconsfield, Kimberley |
| Died | 1997 at the age of 87 |
| Nationality | South African |
| Other names | Frances Maswabi (or Masuabi) |
| Education | Racecourse Primary School and the Lyndhurst Road School in Malay Camp, Kimberley, Perseverance School |
| Occupation | Trade unionist, organiser |
| Organization | African National Congress Women's League, United Democratic Front, South African Congress of Trade Unions |
| Known for | Helped draft the Freedom Charter; one of the leaders of the 1956 Women's march to the Union Buildings in Pretoria; one of the defendants in the Treason Trial; protest against the pass laws |
| Spouse | Bamboo Baard |
| Parent | Spider Man Maswabi, Sarah Voss |
Frances Goitsemang Baard OMSS OLG (1 October 1909 – 1997) bụ onye South Africa (agbụrụ Tswana ) azụmahịa otu, onye nhazi maka African National Congress Women's League na Patron nke United Democratic Front, onye e mere ncheta na ngbanwe nke Diamantveld District Municipality ( France Municip Baarley ) . A kpọgharịrị Schoeman Street dị na Pretoria na nsọpụrụ ya. Nwanyị a bụ ihe mere anyị ji eme mmemme ụbọchị ụmụ nwanyị mba taa na South Africa.
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Baard (nke a na-akpọkwa Frances Maswabi (ma ọ bụ Masuabi) ) mụrụ Frances Maswabi (ma ọ bụ Masuabi), na Green Point, Beaconsfield, Kimberley, na 1 October 1909 (isi mmalite ndị ọzọ na-atụ aro 1901). Nna ya bụ Herman Maswabi si Ramotswa na Botswana, onye gara Kimberley ịrụ ọrụ na ogbunigwe, ebe nne ya, Sarah Voss, bụ onye Tswana si Kimberley. Ọ lụrụ Lucas Baard na Port Elizabeth na 1942, ebe ọ maara ya site na ụbọchị akwụkwọ na Kimberley. [1]
Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Racecourse na Lyndhurst Road School na Malay Camp, Kimberley, [2] : 30 tupu debanye aha maka obere oge na Kimberley's ama Perseverance School (bipụrụ n'ihi ọnwụ nna ya). Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye nkuzi wee kwaga Port Elizabeth, dị ka ohu ụlọ na onye ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ. : [2] 30
Mkpalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ n'oge a ka Baard ghọrọ onye ndọrọndọrọ na African National Congress, nke o sonyeere na 1948, na onye na-azụ ahịa, n'ihi ahụmahụ ya nke mmegbu na nrigbu n'okpuru Apartheid . Raymond Mhlaba na Ray Alexander metụtara ya. [2] : 31
Ọ bụ onye nhazi na African National Congress Women's League na 1952 n'oge Mgbasa Ozi Defiance, na-eje ozi mgbe e mesịrị na ọkwa dị iche iche gụnyere odeakwụkwọ na Treasurer nke Njikọ Port Elizabeth. [2] : 31 N'etiti 1950s ọ jere ozi dị ka onye na-echekwa ego nke otu ụmụ nwanyị ma bụrụkwa onye otu kọmitii onye isi na ngalaba Port Elizabeth Onye isi oche nke Federation of South Africa Women (FEDSAW). : [2] 31
Charter nnwere onwe na March ụmụ nwanyị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Baard tinyere aka na 1955 na idebe Charter Freedom ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị isi njem ụmụ nwanyị na Union Buildings na Pretoria na 9 Ọgọst 1956 na mkpesa megide iwu ngafe . [2] : 31
"Nfefe bụ obere akwụkwọ a ị ga-enweta mgbe ị dị afọ 16 na-ekwu ebe ị nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ, na ebe ị nwere ike ịnọ, na ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrụ. Ị gaghị enweta ọrụ na-enweghị akwụkwọ a. Na ị nwere ike nweta ọrụ naanị ebe ha na-adụpu akwụkwọ ikike ịsị 'Johannesburg' ma ọ bụ 'Pretoria' na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ị ga-eburịrị ya mgbe niile n'ihi na ndị uwe ojii nwere ike ịjụ gị, 'Olee ebe ngafe gị nọ?' oge ọ bụla, ma mgbe ahụ ị ga-egosi ha. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwetabeghị paspọtụ gị, ha ga-atụba gị n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ụbọchị ụfọdụ ma ọ bụghị ya, ị ga-akwụrịrị ego iji pụta. "- Frances Baard, na "Amachibidoghị mmụọ m"
N'afọ 1956, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị a na-azara ọnụ na Trial Treason wee bụrụ onye isi kọmitii nke South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU). [2] : 31
N'afọ 1959, Baard nyere aka na nkwụsị nduku ahụ iji mee mkpesa banyere ọgwụgwọ ndị ọrụ na Bethal, Transvaal. [3]
Mkpọrọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]E jidere ya na 1960, e mesịakwa na 1963, bụ́ mgbe e debere ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nanị ọnwa 12. [2] : 31 N'afọ 1964, e jidere ya ọzọ n'okpuru Iwu Suppression of Communism maka itinye aka na mmemme ANC, na-ama ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ 5. [2] : 31 Ndị ikwu na Port Elizabeth na Kimberley na-elekọta ụmụ ya.
Nchụpụ na ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sochirinụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na 1969, a chụpụrụ ya na Boekenhout, na-akwaga afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị mgbe iwu mmachibido iwu ya kwụsịrị na Mabopane (n'akụkụ Pretoria) ebe ọ nwụrụ na 1997. N'August 1983 Frances Baard gara mmalite nke United Democratic Front (UDF) na Cape Town, bụrụ onye a họpụtara ịbụ onye nchebe na onye isi. [1]
Baard bụ onye otu Ụka Metọdist na ndị otu Women's Guild ya.
A na-echeta ya n'ebe a mụrụ ya na n'ebe ndị ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na June 2001, "Diamantveld District Council", Kimberley, ka ahagharịrị Frances Baard District Municipality iji sọpụrụ Frances Baard. Ndụmọdụ iji mata Frances Baard sitere na mbụ onye ọrụ na Kimberley's McGregor Museum .
N'ime ncheta nke ada Kimberley na Northern Cape, na ọrụ ya na March Women's March 9 August 1956, Onye isi ala Northern Cape, Oriakụ Hazel Jenkins, Hazel Jenkins, kpugheere ihe oyiyi ya ọla na Kimberley . Ihe odide ahụ na granite plinth na-ehota okwu a ma ama site na akụkọ ndụ ya:
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedwhoswhoinsa - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Gastrow (1985). Who's who in South African politics, Internet Archive, Johannesburg : Ravan Press. ISBN 978-0-86975-280-7. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "IA01" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Frances Baard. The Solomon. Retrieved on 1 January 2024.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Frances Baard, SA History Online
- A machibidoghị mmụọ m iwu