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Grateful dead

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Tobit na-eli ndị nwụrụ anwụ site n'aka Andrea di Leone . A na-ewere akwụkwọ nke Tobit dị ka mmalite mmalite nke ebumnuche na akwụkwọ. CF Devine na-arụrịta ụka banyere njikọ a, Otú ọ dị, "ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụghị tupu oge Ndị Kraịst, a pụghị inwe ajụjụ gbasara mmekọrịta ... ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ mgbagwoju anya nke Tobias." [1]

Nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele (ma ọ bụ mmụọ obi ekele ) bụ ma ebumnobi na otu akụkọ ifo nwere njikọ dị ugbu a n'ọtụtụ omenala n'ụwa niile.

Akụkọ a na-ahụkarị gụnyere onye njem zutere ozu onye na-enwetabeghị olili kwesịrị ekwesị, nke sitere na ụgwọ akwụghị ụgwọ. Onye njem ahụ wee kwụọ ụgwọ onye ahụ nwụrụ anwụ ji ma ọ bụ kwụọ ụgwọ olili. Onye njem ahụ na-emesị kwụọ ụgwọ ma ọ bụ zọpụta ndụ ya site n'aka onye ma ọ bụ anụmanụ bụ n'ezie mkpụrụ obi nke onye nwụrụ anwụ; ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele bụ ụdị nke onye nyere onyinye . [2] Mmụọ nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele nwere ike ịdị n'ụdị anụ ahụ dị iche iche gụnyere nke mmụọ ozi na-eche nche, anụmanụ, ma ọ bụ onye njem ibe ya. [3] Nzute onye njem ahụ na onye ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na-abịa nso n'ọgwụgwụ njem onye njem ahụ. [3]

Nhazi

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Akụkọ "ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele" bụ Aarne-Thompson-Uther ụdị 505.

Nkà mmụta akwụkwọ akụkọ folklorist na-ekewa ụdị ATU 505-508 n'okpuru nche anwụ okwu ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele, ụdị nke ọ bụla na-ezo aka n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke akụkọ: [4] [5]

ATU 505: Obi Ụtọ Nwụrụ Anwụ

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Dị ka Stith Thompson si kọwaa, ụdị akụkọ ọ bụla na-amalite mgbe dike ahụ na-akwụ ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ nke onye nwụrụ anwụ ụgwọ, ma emesịa zute otu nwoke na njem ya nke kwetara inyere ya aka, ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha kewara ọkara ụgwọ ọrụ ọ bụla ha nwere ike inweta. [5]

German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther, na 2004 regharịa nke Aarne-Thompson usoro, subsumed ụdị 506, 506A, 506B, 506** na 508 n'okpuru nanị otu ụdị, ATU 505, "The Grateful Nwụrụ Anwụ".

AaTh 506: adaeze agbapụtara

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Thompson kewara ụdị a ụzọ abụọ: 506A, "The Princess Rescued from Ifo", na 506B, "The Princess Anapụtara n'aka ndị ohi". Abụọ subtypes bụ n'ezie otu: ada eze na-azọpụta site n'ihe ize ndụ ọ bụla ọ nọ na; a tụbara onye nzọpụta ya (ezigbo dike) n'ime oke mmiri wee hapụ ịnwụ n'oké osimiri; ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele na-anapụta dike ahụ wee buru ya gaa n'alaeze eze nwanyị, ebe ọ na-eji mgbanaka dị ka akara ngosi ya, na ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele na-atụ aro ka ha kesaa ụgwọ ọrụ (ọbụlagodi adaeze n'onwe ya). Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti akụkọ abụọ ahụ bụ na na subtype 506A, a napụtara adaeze n'ịbụ ohu, ebe na 506B, a na-azọpụta ya n'ọgba nke ndị na-apụnara mmadụ ihe. [5]

Na agụmakwụkwọ French, a maara archetype nke ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele dị ka Jean de Calais, nke bụkwa aha French maka ụdị 506A. Aha ahụ na-ezo aka na akụkọ mmuta, Histoire de Jean de Calais, nke Mme dere na 1723 na 1723. de Gomez.

Ụdị ihe jikọrọ ya na okirikiri a bụ AaTh 506**, ebe onye nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele bụ onye senti nke dike chekwara ihe onyonyo ya.

ATU 507: Nwunye anụ ọhịa

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Ụdị a nwekwara ike mara dị ka "Nwa agbọghọ ahụ na-egbu egbu" ma ọ bụ "Nwunye ahụ dị ize ndụ" (anụ ọhịa na-egbu egbu na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ). [6] N'ụdị akụkọ a, onye ọbịbịa dị omimi na-enyere onye dike ahụ aka n'ịhụ nwa agbọghọ nke ndị na-alụ ya / ndị na-alụ nwunye ya nwụrụ n'ọnọdụ dị omimi n'ime ụlọ akwa ya, na ịchụpụ mmụọ ọjọọ ndị nwere ya. [6]

Onye na-agụ akụkọ Swedish Sven Liljeblad ( sv ), na ọrụ ya banyere ụdị akụkọ ahụ, depụtara ụdị abụọ nke akụkọ ahụ: ụdị a na-akpọ Asmodeus, nke dragọn ma ọ bụ agwọ na-awakpo di na nwunye n'abalị agbamakwụkwọ, na onye ọzọ aha ya bụ The Snake Maiden, bụ ebe agwọ na-esi n'ọnụ nwa agbọghọ ahụ pụta. [7]

Na akụkọ ọdịnala na akụkọ ifo

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Folklorist Ralph Steele Boggs ( de ) kwuru na akụkọ a juru ebe niile na Europe, Asia, Africa na America. [8]

Ihe Nwụrụ Anwụ Obi Ụtọ na-apụtakwa n'akụkọ ifo dị iche iche dị ka ụdị onye na-enye onyinye, [9] dị ka Italian Fair Brow, French Princess Marcassa na Dreadaine Bird (ụdị nke The Golden Bird ); na Swedish The Bird 'jide' ; HC Andersen 's The Traveling Companion ( Reisekamaraten ), Danish folktale Den hvide Mand og Kongesønnen ("Onye ọcha na nwa eze") [10] ma ọ bụ Norwegian The Companion .

Akụkọ Bekee nke Jack the Giant Killer nwere subtype AT 507, "The Monster's Bride".

Ọkà mmụta George Stephens, na mbipụta ya nke Medieval romance Amadace, depụtara ihe omume ndị ọzọ nke ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele na akụkọ sitere na Europe na Asia, dị ka okwu mmeghe nke akwụkwọ ahụ.

Na akụkọ akụkọ Irish sitere na County Donegal, Snow, Crow, na Blood, onye nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele, n'ụdị nwoke na-acha uhie uhie dị mkpụmkpụ, na-enyere onye isi aka megide ndị dike atọ ma wepụ mkparị ekwensu na eze nwanyị. [11]

Ntụaka

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ọgwụgwọ nke akwara ozi na ọkpụkpụ azụ . Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Rhodesia, na 1965, ọ malitere usoro ọmụmụ dabere na ọmụmụ ya iji zụọ ndị nọọsụ obere. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nọọsụ ndu na Ward B6 ruo 1982. N'afọ ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye nlekọta abalị nke ụlọ ọgwụ Harare ma jee ozi na ọrụ a ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1995. nyere aka n'ịkwado ụmụaka ga-amụ ná mba ọzọ. [ 10 ] N’oge ahụ, Farai nọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na Britain, a na-agụkwa Chipo na Botswana . [ 26 ] N'afọ 1973, Madzimbamuto nwetara paspọtụ Britain nwa oge ka o wee banye International Congress of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Nurses, nke e mere na Tokyo. Ọ lọghachiri n'ụlọ ma tinyekwa ozi ọ mụtara na usoro ọmụmụ ya maka ndị nọọsụ. [ 35 ]

  1. ↑ Devine (1951). "Tobit (Tobias)". A Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture 1: 234. 
  2. ↑ Grateful dead. Encyclopædia Britannica (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-14.
  3. 1 2 Galley (February 2005). "Death in Folk Tales (A Brief Note)". Diogenes 52 (1): 105–109. DOI:10.1177/0392192105050613. 
  4. ↑ Régnier-Bohler (1989). "Béances de la terre et du temps : la dette et le pacte dans le motif du Mort reconnaissant au Moyen Age" (in fr). Homme 29 (111): 161–178. DOI:10.3406/hom.1989.369155. 
  5. 1 2 3 Thompson (1977). "The Grateful Dead", The Folktale. University of California Press, 50–53. ISBN 978-0-520-03537-9. Thompson, Stith (1977). "The Grateful Dead". The Folktale. University of California Press. pp. 50–53. ISBN 978-0-520-03537-9.
  6. 1 2 Jacobs (2014). "'What About the Dog?' Tobit's Mysterious Canine Revisited", Canonicity, Setting, Wisdom in the Deuterocanonicals, 221–246. DOI:10.1515/9783110367232.221. ISBN 978-3-11-037262-5. 
  7. ↑ Taylor (January 1931). "A Theory of Indo-European Marchen". The Journal of American Folklore 44 (171): 54–60. DOI:10.2307/535522. 
  8. ↑ Boggs (1932). Spanish folktales. F. S. Crofts. OCLC 987857114. 
  9. ↑ Straparola (2012). "The Grateful Dead, or Bertuccio and Tarquinia: LEONORA", The Pleasant Nights – Volume 2. University of Toronto Press, 446–474. DOI:10.3138/9781442699533. ISBN 978-1-4426-4427-4. 
  10. ↑ Berntsen (1873). "Den hvide Mand og Kongesønnen", Folke-aeventyr, samlede og udgivne forskolen og hjemmet (in da), 80–88. OCLC 1084250930. 
  11. ↑ MacManus (1900). "The Snow, the Crow, and the Blood", Donegal fairy stories. Doubleday, 153–174. OCLC 866884339. 

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

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  • Akụkọ ndị nwụrụ anwụ nwere ekele sitere na gburugburu ụwa (SurLaLune Fairy Tale Series). Heidi Anne Heiner (onye nchịkọta akụkọ). CreateSpace nọọrọ onwe na-ebipụta Platform; Mbipụta edepụtara (Eprel 14, 2015). ISBN 978-1453825235 .
  • Jacobs, Melville. Ederede Northwest Sahaptin . Vol. I. New York: Mahadum Columbia, 1934. pp. 252–263.
  • Liljeblad, Sven. Die Tobiasgeschichte und andere Märchen mit Toten Helfern . Lund: P. Lindstedts Univ.-Bokhandel, 1927.

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