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HCA Red List of Endangered Crafts

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Ndepụta Red nke ọrụ aka n'ihe ize ndụ bụ nchịkọta nke nka ọdịnala na azụmaahịa a na-eme na UK bụ ndị nwere ike ịnwụ n'ọgbọ na-esote. Ndepụta Red mbụ, nke were afọ abụọ iji chịkọta, [1] bụ nke Heritage Crafts bipụtara na 3 Mee 2017 site na nkwado ego sitere na Radcliffe Trust.[2] Ndepụta a tụlere nka 169 [3] na ha niile ka akwadoro n'ụdị ụdị anụmanụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, na-eji ụdị: nchegbu kacha nta, ihe egwu, ihe egwu dị egwu, dị nso na kpochapụ.. [1][2]

E bipụtara mbipụta nke abụọ nke Red List na 9 Machị 2019, na ọrụ aka 212 nyochara; ndepụta ahụ dị oke egwu mụbara ruo ọrụ aka 36. E kewara ọrụ aka 102 dị ka ndị dị irè ugbu a.[3][4]

E bipụtara mbipụta nke atọ nke Red List na 24 Mee 2021, na ọrụ aka 244 nyochara; ndepụta ahụ dị oke egwu mụbara ruo ọrụ aka 56. E kewara ọrụ aka 110 dị ka ndị nwere ike ịdị irè ugbu a.[5][6]

Nnyocha maka mbipụta nke anọ nke Red List malitere na Septemba 2022, site na nkwado ego sitere na Pilgrim Trust, wee wepụta ya na 11 Mee 2023. Mbipụta a nyochara ọrụ nka 259 wee gbakwunye nkà 17 ọzọ na ndepụta ahụ gụnyere ịme okpu ahịhịa na ime tile encaustic..[7][8]

Ndepụta Na-acha Uhie

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Edere aha Red List of Crafts n'ihe ize ndụ, nke a na-akpọbu Radcliffe Red List, [1] na ndetu IUCN Red List na ihe ndị ọzọ dị otú ahụ, ọrụ UNESCO na-emetụtakwa ya na ichekwa ihe nketa ọdịnala na-enweghị atụ. United Kingdom bụ otu n'ime mba ole na ole UNESCO na-amatabeghị ihe nketa ọdịnala ha.[2] Mbipụta a, nke were afọ abụọ iji chịkọta ya, ewepụtara ya na House of Lords[3] ma emesịa gosi ya na mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, gụnyere BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour.. [9]

Ọ bụ akụkọ mbụ nke ụdị ya na UK, ọ bụ ezie na nyocha zuru oke nke ngalaba ọrụ ihe nketa na onyinye ya na akụ na ụba na England mere na 2012 site na Ngalaba Azụmaahịa, Innovation na Nkà.[10]

Akụkọ ahụ na-akọwa ọrụ ihe nketa dị ka "omume nke na-eji nkà na nkà na nghọta nke ihe ọdịnala, imewe na usoro, nke a na-eme maka ọgbọ abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa na-esote".[11] Ọ chịkọtakwara ụfọdụ n'ime ihe kpatara mbelata nke ọrụ nka na UK gụnyere ihe isi ike iwebata ndị mmụta, afọ ole ndị ọrụ aka na-abawanye, ọnụahịa dị elu maka ihe eji aka eme na mbelata zuru oke nke ọchịchọ.[11] Greta Bertram, onye na-elekọta akụkọ mbụ ahụ, gosipụtara otu n'ime ebumnuche ndị isi nke akụkọ ahụ bụ ịmanye gọọmentị ka o nyere aka chekwaa ọrụ aka maka ọdịnihu, na-ekwu, [12]   Onye dere okwu mbido nke Red List mbụ bụ onye bụbu Prince of Wales na ikike ya dị ka Onye isi oche nke Heritage Crafts, na-ekwu, [1]   E bipụtara mbipụta nke abụọ nke Red List na Machị 2019 ma ime elekere sonyeere ụdị dị egwu, na-erughị ndị na-eme elekere 30 nwere ike ịmepụta elekere site na ihe efu. A na-atụ anya na itinye ya nwere ike ịgba UK ume ịghọ onye bịanyere aka na Nkwekọrịta UNESCO maka Nchebe nke Ihe Nketa Ọdịbendị Na-apụghị Ịhụnanya.[13]

Mbipụta nke atọ, nke e wepụtara na Mee 2021, gbakwunyere ọrụ aka 20 ọzọ na ndepụta ahụ, na-ekwu maka mkpọchi COVID-19 na UK dị ka ihe na-enye aka. A gbakwunyere ikuku iko, ime barometer, ime kilt Scottish, ime lace Shetlands na ime anya iko.[6] Mbipụta nke anọ, nke e wepụtara na Mee 2023, gbakwunyere ọrụ aka 17 ọzọ na ndepụta ahụ. A gbakwunyere iwu ụgbọ mmiri ọdịnala, Mgbidi Cornish, ime marionette na eserese ụgbọ mmiri ọwa mmiri. [8]

Ọrụ aka ndị na-adịghịzi adị

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Na mbipụta 2023 nke Red List, a gbakwunyere ọrụ aka nke ime ugegbe dị larịị n'ọnụ na anọ a chọpụtara na ha furu efu na UK n'ime afọ iri gara aga:

  • ọlaedo,
  • imepụta bọọlụ cricket,
  • omenala lacrosse stick manufacturing,
  • mpempe akwụkwọ na imepụta oche, ụdị imepụta akwụkwọ pụrụ iche,
  • Iji mee ugegbe dị larịị nke a na-afụ ụfụ.

Ọ bụ English Antique Glass mepụtara iko dị larịị na-afụ n'ọnụ na Birmingham ruo 2022, mgbe ahụ ka a manyere ha ịkwụsị mmepụta nke ụdị iko a n'ihi nrụgide iji belata ohere ụlọ ọrụ ha.[14]

Ndị ikpeazụ na-agba ọla edo na Britain, W. Habberley Meadows, na Dukes Cricket Balls nke London kwụsịrị mmepụta na UK mgbe ha na-enweghị ike iwebata onye mmụta, ebe ha abụọ tara ahụhụ site na asọmpi mba ọzọ dị ọnụ ala.[15]

Ndepụta uhie mbụ gụnyere imepụta ihe omimi, ụdị sieve.[1] Mgbe e bipụtara akụkọ ahụ na 2017, mmadụ abụọ bịara iji mee ka ọrụ ahụ dịghachi ndụ, otu n'ime ha mere ka onye na-eme ihe omimi ikpeazụ zụọ ha, n'agbanyeghị na ọ lara ezumike nká. Ndị a na-enye ọzụzụ na-anwa ugbu a ịghọ ndị nwere ike ịzụ ahịa, si otú a wepụ ọrụ ahụ na ụdị ahụ na-adịghịzi adị.[3]

A gbakwunyere mpempe akwụkwọ na ime ihe mkpuchi na ụdị na-adịghịzi adị na 2019 mgbe ọnwụ nke oche ikpeazụ na-eme UK bụ Ron MacDonald na 2017.[3]

Ọrụ aka ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ

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N'oge a tọhapụrụ akụkọ ahụ na 2017, e nwere ọrụ aka ọdịnala iri na asaa na ngalaba 'dị oke egwu', akọwapụtara dị ka enweghị ndị a na-enye ọzụzụ iji gaa n'ihu na nkà ndị metụtara ya na dị ka ndị na-eme ma ọ bụ obere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị omenkà ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ abụọ ma ọ bụ ole na ole mepụtara na UK. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2023, ndepụta ahụ etoola ruo 62.

Mgbe mmechi nke Whitechapel Bell Foundry (ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe kachasị ochie na Britain nke malitere na 1570), a gbakwunyere Ntọala mgbịrịgba na ndepụta 2019.[16]

Otu izu Oge etinyechara ime sporran na ụdị dị egwu nke ndepụta nke 2021, a katọrọ Ministri Nchebe n'otu isiokwu na The Times maka ime mkpebi mbubata sporrans ndị agha, na-ahapụ ndị na-emepụta Scotland n'ọnụ ọnwụ. [17]

Hụkwa

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  • Ọrụ Aka Northern Ireland
  • Akụ̀ Dị Ndụ nke Mmadụ
  • Ọrụ aka n'ime obodo

Edemsibia

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Adams. Cricket ball makers declare the end of their handcraft. The Times. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  2. ↑ Crafts in the UK: een kennismaking. Expertisecentrum voor Technisch, Wetenschappelijk en Industrieel Erfgoed. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The HCA Red List of Endangered Crafts 2019 edition. HCA. Archived from the original on 25 July 2020. Retrieved on 10 March 2019.
  4. ↑ Sixteen ancient British crafts in new danger of vanishing forever, says Heritage Crafts Association (en). The Mail (9 March 2019). Retrieved on 2019-03-10.
  5. ↑ The HCA Red List of Endangered Crafts 2021 edition. HCA. Archived from the original on 13 June 2021. Retrieved on 13 June 2021.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Morris. "Kilt-making and sheet glass-blowing added to list of UK's endangered crafts", The Guardian, 24 May 2021. Retrieved on 26 May 2021.
  7. ↑ Craft skills under threat with 17 additions to the Red List of Endangered Crafts. Heritage Crafts (11 May 2023). Archived from the original on 15 May 2023. Retrieved on 15 May 2023.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Morris. "From boatbuilding to barge painting, traditional British crafts at growing risk", The Guardian, 11 May 2023. Retrieved on 15 May 2023.
  9. ↑ Rare craft skills are on the brink of extinction…. The Guild of Master Craftsmen. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  10. ↑ Mapping Heritage Craft : The Economic Contribution of the Heritage Craft Sector in England. Creative & Cultural Skills. Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Handmade in Britain. The Countryman. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  12. ↑ Morris. "Hats off to craft skills – before they disappear for good", The Guardian, 4 August 2017. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  13. ↑ Swithinbank. "Just How Endangered Is Watchmaking?", The New York Times, 20 February 2019. Retrieved on 20 February 2019.
  14. ↑ Santorelli. "Heritage Crafts: Some skills risk becoming extinct in UK, charity warns", BBC News, 11 May 2023. Retrieved on 15 May 2023.
  15. ↑ Sawer. "Prince Charles bemoans decline of 'treasured' craft skills", The Telegraph, August 2017. Retrieved on 23 October 2018.
  16. ↑ Pearl Binder At The Whitechapel Bell Foundry. Spitalfields Life. Archived from the original on 11 March 2019. Retrieved on 10 March 2019.
  17. ↑ Wade. Sporran maker given marching orders. The Times. Archived from the original on 13 June 2021. Retrieved on 13 June 2021.
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