Immaculée Birhaheka
Immaculée Birhahek (amụrụ ya n'afọ 1960) bụ onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ si Democratic Republic of Congo. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ma bụrụkwa onyeisi oche nke otu ikike ụmụ nwanyị Promotion et Appui aux Initiatives Feminines (PAIF) nke na-arụ ọrụ iji lụso ime ihe ike mmekọahụ ọgụ ma mee ka ụmụ nwanyị na-esonye na ndụ obodo.[1][2]
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Birhaheka n'ime ime obodo nke South Kivu n'afọ 1960. Ọ gụrụ mmepe ime obodo dị ka nwa akwụkwọ kọleji na Bukavu. Mmasị ya n'imezi ndụ ụmụ nwanyị malitere mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ọmụmụ nri na-edozi ahụ na-ele ụdị ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị ime obodo na-arụ. Mpaghara ọmụmụ a ga-aghisiokwu nke thesis kọleji ya.[3]
Mgbe Birhaheka hụrụ ka a na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị ghara ịdị n'otu n'obodo Congo, ma n'ime obodo ndị o mụrụ ihe ma n'ahụmịhe ya nke agụmakwụkwọ ka elu, ọ malitere ikwu okwu n'ihu ọha maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị.[3]
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Birhaheka malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka otu NGO mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum. E were ya n'ọrụ ịrụ ọrụ na nsogbu okike dị ka akụkụ nke ngalaba ụmụ nwanyị ha, mana ọ zutere otu omenala nna ochie n'ime nzukọ ahụ n'onwe ya.[3] Mgbe ọ rụkwara ọrụ maka ọtụtụ NGO ndị ọzọ, ma nwee nkụda mmụọ n'ụzọ ụmụ nwanyị si ewepụ onwe ha n'ụwa niile, ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya kpebiri ịmepụta otu NGO ọhụrụ iji lekwasị anya na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị.[3] Ha guzobere PAIF, ma ọ bụ Promotion et Appui aux Initiatives Feminines (Nkwado na Nkwado nke Women's Initiatives) na Goma n'afọ 1992.[4][5]
Ebumnuche mbụ nke PAIF bụ imezi ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na ndụ ọha na eze: iji gbochie ụmụ nwanyị ka ha ghara ịrụ ọrụ ụlọ na ụlọ, kama ịkụziri ha ihe ma mee ka ha sonye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, iwu, na Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ. [6] Ha malitere site n'ịrụ ọrụ na usoro mmiri, iji kwe ka ụmụ agbọghọ ndị ga-enweta mmiri n'ụtụtụ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ. PAIF rụkwara ọrụ iji kụziere ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ime ime obodo banyere ikike ụmụ nwanyị, na-eji Ụlọ ọrụ redio iji kwalite "ntinye ụmụ nwanyị dị ka atụmatụ mmepe".[3]
PAIF mechara gbasaa ọrụ ya iji tinye nkwado maka ndị a na-eme ihe ike mmekọahụ. Mgbe Mgbukpọ agbụrụ nke Rwanda gasịrị n'afọ 1994, ka esemokwu na-arịwanye elu na mpaghara ahụ, Birhaheka matara banyere mmụba nke ndị agha na-eme ihe ike mmekọahụ n'etiti ndị ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ.[5] Ọ rụrụ ọrụ iji mee ka a mara banyere ndina n'ike dị ka usoro agha, na iji kwado ndị lanarịrị.[5] PAIF malitere inye nkwado iwu na ahụike, ọkachasị maka ndị ezinụlọ ha jụrụ, na ịrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ nchekwa na Goma.[7]
Nzukọ ahụ kwadokwara ka a mmanye ma kpụpụ ndina n'ike dị ka mpụ.[4] N'afọ 2006, PAIF mere mkpọsa maka mgbanwe na iwu DRC gbasara ndina n'ike, gụnyere mmụba ntaramahụhụ maka ndị na-eme ya.[4][5] N'etiti ime ihe ike na-aga n'ihu na mpaghara ahụ, Birhaheka na PAIF nọ kwa na-eme ka a mara okwu ndị dị ka mmegbu mmekọahụ nke ụmụaka.[8]
N'ihi ọrụ ya gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na ndị lanarịrị ime ihe ike mmekọahụ, Birhaheka natara iyi egwu ọnwụ site n'ime gọọmentị na ndị agha. Ndị ọrụ nzuzo nke Congo jidere ya ugboro abụọ.[3][9]
Onyinye
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Immaculée Birhaheka bụ onye natara 2000 Martin Ennals Award maka ndị na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ. [9]
Ọ natara onyinye 2006 Democracy Award site na aka National Endowment for Democracy (NED). [10]
Edemsibịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Congo's women fight for the right to play a peacekeeping role | Allyn Gaestel | Allison Shelley (en). the Guardian (2015-01-22). Retrieved on 2020-05-25.
- ↑ Csete (2002). The War Within the War: Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls in Eastern Congo (in en). Human Rights Watch. ISBN 978-1-56432-276-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bafilemba. Immaculée Birhaheka - Congo Stories: Battling Five Centuries of Exploitation and Greed (en-US). Congo Stories. Retrieved on 2020-05-25.
- 1 2 3 Hundreds of thousands raped in Congo wars (en). the Guardian (2006-11-14). Retrieved on 2020-05-25.
- 1 2 3 4 Enough Project (2011-03-11). 100 Years of Honoring Women: Immaculee Birhaheka (en-US). The Enough Project. Retrieved on 2020-05-25.
- ↑ Lake (2018-05-31). Strong NGOs and Weak States: Pursuing Gender Justice in the Democratic Republic of Congo and South Africa (in en). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-32163-1.
- ↑ DeVoe (2011-11-01). "Carrying a Piece of Congo in Our Pockets: Global Complicity to Congo’s Sexual Violence and the Conflict Minerals Trade". Seattle Journal for Social Justice 10 (1).
- ↑ Ngoma (2010). RDC : difficile lutte contre l'exploitation sexuelle des mineures à Goma. Africa News.
- 1 2 Immaculée Birhaheka - Martin Ennals Award Immaculée Birhaheka (en-US). Martin Ennals Award. Retrieved on 2020-05-26.
- ↑ NED to Honor African Activists with 2006 Democracy Award (en-US). NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR DEMOCRACY. Retrieved on 2020-05-26.