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Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore

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Kọmitii Intergovernmental on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (IGC, ma ọ bụ IGC-GRTKF) na-ahụ maka ịkparịta ụka otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ iwu mba ụwa (nkwekọrịta) iji chebe ihe ọmụma ọdịnala, okwu ọdịnala ọdịnala, na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n'ihe metụtara ikike ọgụgụ isi, [1] si otú a na-ejikọta oghere dị na iwu mba ụwa [4]. Ndị otu World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) na-akpọkọta IGC na Geneva ma na-ezukọ mgbe niile kemgbe 2001..[1]

Dabere na akụkụ nke ọrụ IGC, [2] a nabatara nkwekọrịta WIPO GRATK na ikike ikike, ihe onwunwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala metụtara ya na Mee 2024. [3]

Ọrụ

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IGC na-akpọkọta otu ndị obodo na nzukọ ọ bụla, ma mepụta WIPO Volunteer Fund maka mba ndị otu iji kwado itinye aka na itinye aka nke obodo ndị obodo na ndị ọrụ obodo.[4]

E wepụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ iji duzie ọrụ nke IGC, gụnyere usoro Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi, yana ntuziaka na akwụkwọ ozi ndị ọzọ.   [citation needed]

IGC emepụtakwala akwụkwọ iwu mba ụwa na Ihe ọmụma ọdịnala, ngosipụta ọdịnala ọdịnala, na ihe onwunwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.   [citation needed]

Dị ka United States Patent and Trademark Office si kwuo,

Kemgbe afọ 2009, WIPO IGC anọwo na-etinye aka na mkparịta ụka dị iche iche dabere na ederede na (1) ngwá ọrụ iwu mba ụwa maka ichebe ihe onwunwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala metụtara ya na (2) ngwá ọrụ iwu nke mba ụwa maka ihe ọmụma ọdịbendị na ngosipụta ọdịnala.[5]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme na ikike

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Nzukọ Ezumezu nke WIPO guzobere IGC na 2001, nke na-enyocha, na-emelite, ma na-agbatị ikike nke IGC kwa afọ 2 na nzukọ nke Septemba. [6][7]

IGC nwere nsogbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mbụ na 2003, n'ihi na "oke ọrụ ya na-aghọwanye nke ọma, dị ka ọ dị na atụmanya dị n'etiti steeti maka ebumnuche IGC na ihe ndị a tụrụ anya ya." Nzukọ iji nweta otu nkwekọrịta ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ[8]

Ebe ọ bụ na 2010, ikike nke IGC nọgidere na-agbanweghi agbanwe: ikwubi nkwenye ederede nke ga-edozi ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọtụtụ ngwá ọrụ iwu mba ụwa na-enye ụfọdụ, ma ezughị oke nchebe na ma ọ bụ ihe ọmụma omenala, okwu omenala omenala, ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa (UNDRIP, Convention on Biological Diversity, Nagoya Protocol, FAOng her Culture on Culture and UNESCO). nke gụnyere nchebe doro anya maka ndị amaala na obodo.[9][8]

A kwụsịtụrụ mkparịta ụka IGC na 2020 n'ihi ọrịa na-efe efe nke Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, nke maliteghachiri na 2022.[8] N'otu afọ ahụ, IGC kwetara ịga n'ihu na nzọụkwụ ndị ọzọ nke mkparịta ụka nkwekọrịta, WIPO kwetara ịkpọkọta Nzukọ Diplomatic site na 2024 iji tụlee nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta nke Kọmitii ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na ya.[10]

Mkparịta ụka maka nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ

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Nkwekọrịta WIPO na Ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi, Ihe onwunwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala jikọtara ya (GRATK)

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N'etiti 13 na 24 Mee 2024, WIPO kpọkọtara Nzukọ Diplomatic na Geneva, Switzerland. [11] N'oge Nzukọ ahụ, ndị nnọchiteanya dechara ederede nke WIPO Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (nke a na-akpọkarị "GRATK" [12]) nke a nabatara n'abalị Thursday 23 ruo Friday 24 May 2024, wee meghee maka ịbịanye aka na 24 May n'ehihie, na isi ụlọ ọrụ WIPO na Geneva.[13] Dị ka WIPO si kwuo,

Nke a bụ nkwekọrịta WIPO mbụ iji dozie njikọ dị n'etiti ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi, ihe onwunwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala na nkwekọrịta mbụ nke WIPO iji tinye ndokwa maka Ndị obodo na obodo. Nkwekọrịta ahụ, ozugbo ọ batara n'ọrụ na ndị nkwekọrịta iri na ise, ga-eguzobe na iwu mba ụwa ihe ọhụrụ achọrọ maka ndị na-achọ ikike ikike ikike nke ihe ndị ha mepụtara dabere na ihe onwunwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na / ma ọ bụ ihe ọmụma ọdịnala metụtara ya.[3]

Mgbasawanye nke Nkwekọrịta ahụ n'ọdịnihu

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Nkwekọrịta GRATK gụnyere ndokwa dị na Nkeji edemede 8 maka ịgbatị ya "n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi na ihe ndị sitere na ya na iji dozie nsogbu ndị ọzọ sitere na teknụzụ ọhụrụ na nke na-apụta apụta nke dị mkpa maka itinye n'ọrụ nkwekọrịta a, afọ anọ mgbe nkwekọrịta ahụ batara n'ọrụ" [14]

Ọrụ ọdịnihu: Ihe ọmụma ọdịnala na ngosipụta ọdịnala ọdịnala

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Na mgbakwunye na Nkwekọrịta GRATK, IGC na-eme atụmatụ ịmepụta ngwá ọrụ iwu dị iche metụtara Ihe ọmụma ọdịnala na ngosipụta ọdịnala ọdịnala (akụkọ ọdịnala).   [citation needed]

A na-eme atụmatụ nzọụkwụ na-esonụ maka nnọkọ IGC nke 49 na Nọvemba 2024, na ebumnuche:

Mee mkparịta ụka na TK na / ma ọ bụ TCEs na-elekwasị anya n'ịkwado nsogbu ndị a na-edozighị edozi na ndị na-agbagọ agbagọ na ịtụle nhọrọ maka akwụkwọ iwu (s) [15]

Edemsibia

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  1. ↑ Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore: First Session (April 30 to May 3, 2001) (en). WIPO (2001). Retrieved on 2022-02-28.
  2. ↑ WIPO: IGC special session to discuss draft text on legal instrument on IP and genetic resources amidst biopiracy legitimisation concerns. Third World Network (4 September 2023). Retrieved on 2023-09-05.
  3. 1 2 WIPO Member States Adopt Historic New Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (en). www.wipo.int. Retrieved on 2024-05-26.
  4. ↑ Participating in the IGC (en). www.wipo.int. Retrieved on 2022-02-28.
  5. ↑ Patent and Trademark Office (October 24, 2023). WIPO IGC Negotiations on Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge. Federal Register. Archived from the original on 25 Apr 2024.
  6. ↑ Robinson (2017-07-14). Protecting Traditional Knowledge: The WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (in en). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-35486-4. 
  7. ↑ (2017) in Robinson: Protecting traditional knowledge: the WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, Routledge Research in International Environmental Law. London, [England]: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-35485-7. 
  8. 1 2 3 Wendland (2022). International negotiations on Indigenous knowledge to resume at WIPO: a view of the journey so far and the way ahead (en). WIPO. Retrieved on 2022-02-28.
  9. ↑ Assemblies of the Member States of WIPO (2021). Mandate of the IGC 2022-2023; DECISION on Agenda Item 18 (Report on the Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore) of the Sixty-Second Series of Meetings. WIPO.
  10. ↑ WIPO Member States Approve Diplomatic Conferences for Two Proposed Accords (en). www.wipo.int. Retrieved on 2023-04-13.
  11. ↑ Press release – Diplomatic Conference on Proposed Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge to be held in May 2024 at WIPO's Geneva Headquarters (en). WIPO (13 December 2023). Retrieved on 2023-12-14.
  12. ↑ Conkievich (2019). Closing workshop of ABS Global project (en). UNDP. Retrieved on 2023-12-14.
  13. ↑ Cannabis Embassy, Commission on Biopiracy (2024). WIPO's Diplomatic Conference & New Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (GRATK): A new Treaty against Biopiracy. cannabisembassy.org. Archived from the original on 2024-07-31. Retrieved on 2024-05-26.
  14. ↑ WIPO (2024-05-24). WIPO Treaty on intellectual property, genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge (in en). Geneva: WIPO. 
  15. ↑ WIPO (2023). 2024 Provisional Schedule for the IGC (dated December 15, 2023). WIPO.
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