Longnü

mythical character, literary character, Nāga
Ụdịekere	nwanyị
Akara ala	龍女
Ńnà	Sāgara
Okpukpere chi/echiche ụwa	Buddhism
Efe ofufe site	Buddhism
Di na oru	Journey to the West, Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtram
Site na mbara igwe akụkọ	Journey to the West universe

Longnü (Chinese omenala: 龍女; : 龙女; : ; Sanskrit: nāgakanyā; Vietnamese: Long modul), sụgharịrị dị ka Dragon Girl, tinyere Sudhana a na-ewere ha dị ka ndị na-akwado bodhisattva Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) na Okpukpe Buddha nke China. Ọnụnọ ya na ihe oyiyi nke Guanyin sitere na sutras tantric na-eme ememe Amoghapāśa na otu puku ụdị Guanyin, nke kwuru na Longnü na-enye Guanyin pearl na-abaghị uru iji kelee ya maka onye nke ikpeazụ na-eleta obí Eze Dragọn na ala oké osimiri iji kụziere ndị bi na ya dharani nzọpụta ya.^[1]

Enweghị isi mmalite akwụkwọ nsọ jikọtara Sudhana na Longnü na Avalokiteśvara n'otu oge. A na-atụ aro na acolytes bụ ihe nnọchianya nke akwụkwọ abụọ bụ isi Mahāyāna, Lotus Sūtra na Avataṃsaka Sūtra, nke Longnü na Sudhana pụtara, n'otu n'otu.

Ihe ngosi nke Longnü na Sudhana na Avalokiteśvara nwere ike ịbụ na Yunü (Jade Maiden) na Jintong (Golden Youth) bụ ndị na-apụta na ihe oyiyi nke Jade Emperor. A na-akọwa ya dị ka nwa nwanyị dị afọ asatọ nke Eze Dragọn (Chinese omenala: 龍王; : 龙王; : ; Sanskrit: Nagaraja) nke Oké Osimiri Ọwụwa Anyanwụ.[2]

Na Lotus Sūtra

Nwa nwanyị eze dragọn ahụ nyere Buddha ọla ya dị oké ọnụ ahịa; ihu akwụkwọ Lotus Sutra nke narị afọ nke iri na abụọ na "Heike Nokyo". [3]

A na-egosi Longnü na isi nke 12 nke Lotus Sūtra (Skt. Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra) dị ka onye jupụtara na amamihe na inweta nghọta ozugbo.[4][5] Na Lotus Sūtra, Mañjuśrī Bodhisattva na-ekwu maka ya, na-ekwu:[6]

E nwere nwa nwanyị nke eze nāga Sāgara nke dị naanị afọ asatọ. Ọ maara ihe; ikike ya dị nkọ; ọ makwaara ikike na omume niile nke ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi. O nwetala ike ncheta.[ihe odide ala peeji 1] Ọ na-echekwa akụ nzuzo niile dị omimi nke Buddha, na-abanye n'ime ime ntụgharị uche, ma nwee ike ịghọta dharmas niile. O mepụtara echiche nke nghọta (Skt. bodhicitta) ozugbo ma ruo n'ọkwa nke nonretrogression. Ọ na-ekwu okwu n'enweghị ihe mgbochi ma na-eche banyere ndị nwere mmetụta dị ka ọmịiko dị ka a ga-asị na ha bụ ụmụ ya. Àgwà ọma ya zuru oke. Echiche na nkọwa ya dị aghụghọ ma sara mbara, nwee obi ebere, ma nwee ọmịiko. O nwere uche dị n'otu ma nweta nghọta.

Otú ọ dị, onye na-eso ụzọ Buddha bụ Sariputra, onye Sravaka, ekwenyeghị na nwanyị nwere ike iru Buddha. [9][10][11][ihe odide ala ala peeji 2] Na nzaghachi, nwa agbọghọ nāga nyere Buddha pearl, na-anọchi anya ndụ ya na ego ya, ọ nabatara ya.[13] Ọ na-agbanwe ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ bodhisattva nwoke zuru oke, wee nweta nghọta zuru oke.[13][14][15] Dị ka Schuster si kwuo, arụmụka Lotus Sutra "na-adabere n'echiche ahụ na ụfọdụ ahụ (nwoke) dabara maka akara aka kachasị elu, na ahụ ndị ọzọ (nwanyị) adịghị."

Na Chan Buddha, e weere akụkọ ahụ dị ka ihe atụ iji mesie ike ikike nke ịmụrụ anya na mberede.[17][18]

N'akụkọ ọdịnala

Akụkọ Banyere Oké Osimiri Ndịda

A single chapter in the Complete Tale of Avalokiteśvara and the Southern Seas (Chinese: 南海觀音全傳; pinyin: Nánhǎi Guānyīn Quánzhuàn), a sixteenth century Ming dynasty novel is the first text that connects Longnü and Sudhana together as being acolytes of Avalokiteśvara. When the Dragon King's third son was out for swim in the sea in the form of a carp, he was captured by a fisherman. Unable to transform into his dragon form due to being trapped on land, he was going to be sold and butchered at the local market. Once Avalokiteśvara learned of his predicament, she gave Shancai all her money and sent her disciple to buy him from the market and set him free. Because the carp was still alive hours after it was caught, this drew a large crowd and soon a bidding war started due to people believing that eating this fish would grant them immortality. Shancai was easily outbid and begged the fish seller to spare the life of the fish, but to no avail and earning the scorn of the people at the market. It was then that Avalokiteśvara projected her voice from far away saying, "A life should definitely belong to one who tries to save it, not one who tries to take it". The crowd realizing their mistake soon dispersed and Shancai was able to bring the carp back to Avalokiteśvara and return it to the sea.

Dị ka ihe ngosi nke ekele, Dragọn King rịọrọ Ao Guang ka o weta "Pearl of Light", ma nwa nwa ya wepụtara onwe ya ịga n'ọnọdụ nna ya kama. Mgbe o nyechara Avalokiteśvara pearl ahụ, o kpebiri ịnọnyere ya wee bụrụ onye na-eso ụzọ ya ịmụta Dharma Buddha.^[2]

Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Ndị Dị Mkpa

N'adịghị ka akụkọ zuru oke nke Avalokiteśvara na Oké Osimiri Ndịda nke na-ekwu naanị Longnü na nkenke, Akwụkwọ mpịakọta dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke Sudhana na Longnü (Chinese: 善財龍女寶撰; pinyin: Shàncái Lóngnǚ Bǎozhuàn), akwụkwọ mpịakọta bụ narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, nke dị na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. etinyere na akụkọ akụkọ Longnü na Sudhana ma yie ka ọ sitere na Taoist.Edere ederede n'oge Qianfu nke usoro ndị eze Tang. Otu ụbọchị mgbe Sudhana na-aga n'okporo ụzọ ugwu ịga leta nna ya, ọ nụrụ olu na-eti mkpu maka enyemaka. N'ime nyocha, ọ na-apụta na ọ bụ olu agwọ tọrọ n'ime karama kemgbe afọ iri na asatọ gara aga .Agwọ ahụ na-arịọ Sudhana ka ọ hapụ ya, nke ọ ga-aghọ ezigbo ọdịdị ya, nke anụ ọhịa, ma yie egwu iri ya. Mgbe Sudhana na-eme mkpesa na omume agwọ ahụ, ọ na-eme arụmụka na karịa ēn (恩, omume obiọma) na-akwụghachi ụgwọ site na esemokwu, na nke ahụ bụ ụzọ ụwa. Otú ọ dị, agwọ ahụ kwetara inyefe ndị ọkàikpe atọ okwu ahụ.

Onye ọka ikpe mbụ a na-egosi arụmụka ahụ bụ mmadụ nke Golden Water Buffalo Star, onye kwenyere na agwọ ahụ, n'ihi ahụmịhe ya n'oge gara aga na ụmụ mmadụ. The Buffalo Star na-akọwa otú ọ na-achọghị ịdakwasị n'ụwa mana Kṣitigarbha chụpụrụ ya n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke eluigwe, onye nwere ọmịiko n'ebe ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike nọ.Kṣitigarbha ṅụrụ iyi na ọ bụrụ na ụmụ mmadụ akwụghachighị ihu ọma ya, anya ya ga-ada wee daa n'ala. N’ihi ọdịda kpakpando Buffalo dakwasịrị n’ụwa, bụ́ nke dị na mbụ, ọ tụfuru ezé ihu ya nile. Ọ tara ahụhụ nke ukwuu n’aka ụmụ mmadụ; mb͕e ọ dọb͕uru onwe-ya n'ọlu n'ihi onye-nwe-ya, eb͕uru ya rie. N’ihi nke a, anya Kṣitigarbha dapụrụ n’ezie, wee ghọọ ejula ndị buffalo na-azọdazi ma ọ na-akọ ubi.

Onye ọka ikpe nke abụọ ha zutere bụ onye ụkọchukwu Taoist Zhuangzi, onye kwenyere na agwọ ahụ, na-ekwu maka ahụmịhe o nwere mgbe ọ kpọlitere ọkpụkpụ nke kpọgara Zhuangji n'ụlọ ikpe ozugbo ma boo ya ebubo na ọ na-ezu ego ya.

Onye ọka ikpe ikpeazụ ha zutere bụ nwa agbọghọ. Nwa agbọghọ ahụ gwara agwọ ahụ na ọ nwere ike iri ya, ma ọ bụrụ na agwọ ahụ nwere ike igosi ya otu o si nwee ike ịbanye n'ime karama nke Sudhana wepụtara ya. Ozugbo agwọ ahụ batara n'onwe ya na karama ahụ, ọ tọrọ atọ. Nwatakịrị nwanyị ahụ gosipụtara onwe ya ịbụ Avalokiteśvara. Mgbe agwọ na-arịọ maka ebere, Avalokiteśvara na-agwa ya na iji nweta nzọpụta, ọ ga-etinyerịrị onwe ya na omume okpukpe na Grotto nke ụda nke Iju Mmiri (nke dị ugbu a Fayu Temple) n'Ugwu Putuo.

Afọ atọ ka e mesịrị, Sudhana ghọrọ onye acolyte nke Avalokiteśvara yana Filial Parrot. Mgbe agwọ ahụ nyefeworo onwe ya ruo afọ asaa nke mkpakọ, ọ na-asachapụ nsi ya ma na-amị pearl. Ọ na-agbanwe ghọọ Longnü wee ghọọ acolyte nke Avalokiteśvara.[23]

Ihe edeturu

Edensibia

↑ Yü (2001). Kuan-yin: The Chinese Transformation of Avalokitesvara. Columbia University Press.
↑ Idema, Wilt L. (2008). Personal salvation and filial piety: two precious scroll narratives of Guanyin and her acolytes. University of Hawaii Press, 31–32. ISBN 9780824832155.

Ebe e si nweta ya

Abe (2015). "Revisiting the Dragon Princess: Her Role in Medieval Engi Stories and Their Implications in Reading the Lotus Sutra". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 42 (1): 27–70. DOI:10.18874/jjrs.42.1.2015.27-70.
Idema (2008). Personal salvation and filial piety: two precious scroll narratives of Guanyin and her acolytes. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 9780824832155.
Kato (1975). The Threefold Lotus Sutra: The Sutra of Innumerable Meanings; The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law; The Sutra of Meditation on the Bodhisattva Universal Virtue. New York/Tōkyō: Weatherhill & Kōsei Publishing.
Kubo (2007). The Lotus Sutra, Revised 2nd, Berkeley, California: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. ISBN 978-1-886439-39-9. Retrieved on 2015-09-05.
Levering (1982). "The Dragon Girl and the Abbess of Mo-Shan: Gender and Status in the Ch'an Buddhist Tradition". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 5: 19–36.
Levering (2013). "The Dragon Daughter", in Vanessa R. Sasson: Little Buddhas : Children and Childhoods in Buddhist Texts and Traditions. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199945610.
Meeks (2010). Hokkeji and the reemergence of female monastic orders in premodern Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 9780824833947.
Murano (1967). "An Outline of the Lotus Sūtra". Contemporary Religions in Japan 8: 16–84. Retrieved on 2015-02-20.
Peach (2002). "Social responsibility, sex change, and salvation: Gender justice in the Lotus Sūtra". Philosophy East and West 52: 50–74. DOI:10.1353/pew.2002.0003. Retrieved on 2015-02-20.
Schuster (1981). "Changing the Female Body: Wise Women and the Bodhisattva Career in Some Maharatnakutasutras". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 4: 24–69.
Ueki (2003). "The Story of the Dragon King´s Daughter", in Robin Wang: Images of women in Chinese thought and culture, writings from the pre-Qin period through the Song dynasty. Indianapolis: Hackett. ISBN 0872206521.
(2009) The Lotus Sutra and Its Opening and Closing Chapters. Tokyo: Soka Gakkai. ISBN 978-4-412-01409-1.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

Bernard Faure (2009). The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender. Princeton University Press, 91–99. ISBN 978-0691091716.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Lotus Sutra na nkọwa Saicho nke mmezu nke Buddhahood na ahụ a; Na George J Tanabe, Jr.; Willa J Tanabe; Lotus Sutre na omenala ndị Japan. Honolulu: Mahadum nke Hawaii Press. ISBN 0824811984, peeji nke 53-74

Njikọ mpụga

[1] Yü (2001). Kuan-yin: The Chinese Transformation of Avalokitesvara. Columbia University Press.

[2] Idema, Wilt L. (2008). Personal salvation and filial piety: two precious scroll narratives of Guanyin and her acolytes. University of Hawaii Press, 31–32. ISBN 9780824832155.

[1]

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