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Mahasweta Devi

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Mahasweta Devi (14 January 1926 - 28 Julaị 2016) [1][2] bụ onye edemede India na Bengali na onye na-eme ihe ike.  Akwụkwọ edemede ya ma ama hajar Churashir Maa, Rudali, na Aranyer Adhikar .  [3] Ọ bụ onye aka ekpe nke na-arụ ọrụ maka ikike na ike nke ndị agha (Lodha na Shabar) nke West Bengal, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh na Chhattisgarh steeti nke India.[4]  A na iche-ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị iche dị ka Sahitya Akademi Award (n'asụsụ Bengali), Jnanpith Award na Ramon Magsaysay Award ndị na-egosi ndị nke India Padma Shri na Padma Vibhushan.[1]

Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ

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Egwuregwu Mahasweta Devi n' Game Brahmin [1] na 14 Jenụwarị 1926 na Dacca, British India (nke bụzi Dhaka, Bangladesh).  Nna ya, Manish Ghatak, bụ onye na-ede uri na onye na-edekọ akwụkwọ nke òtù Kallol, onye jiri aha Jubanashwa (Bengali: যুbonaশ্ব).  [2][3] Nwanne Ghatak bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Ritwik Ghatak .  [4] Nne Devi, Dharitri Devi, bụkwa onye edemede na onye ọrụ ọha na eze nke ike ya onye na-ese ihe Sankha Chaudhury na onye-onye nchịkọta nke Economic and Political Weekly of India, Sachin Chaudhuryan.[2]

Agụm akwụkwọ mbụ Devi bụ na Dhaka, [1] Eden Montessori School (1930).  Mgbe nke ahụ bụ, ọ kwagara West Bengal (nke dị ugbu a na India).  [1] Mgbe ahụ ahụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mission Girls' High School, Midnapore (1935).  Mgbe nke ahụ eze, nabatara ya na Santiniketan (1936 ruo 1938).  Mgbe nke ahụ, ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Beltala Girls' School (1939-1941) ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  Mgbe ahụ na 1944 ọ ọchịchị I.A.  saịtị na Asutosh College.  Ọ gara Mahadum Visva-Bharati nke Rabindranath Tagore ete wee gụchaa B.A.  (Hons) na Bekee, wee gụchaa M.A. na Bekee na Mahadum Calcutta. [2] [10][11]

Akwụkwọ edemede

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N'afọ 1964, ọ ahụmahụ ị [1] na Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College (otu nke Mahadum Calcutta).  N'oge ahụ, Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College bụ ụlọ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ.  N'oge ahụ, ọ rụkwara ọrụ - dị ka onye nta ndị [1] na dị ka onye edemede na-ahụ ihe.  Ɔ eegay Lodhas na Shabars, obodo ịrị nke West Bengal, ụmụ na ndị Dalits.  N'ime ndị ifo Bengali ya, ọ na-ama ike mmegbu obi , na-emegbu ndị , na ndị a na-na-imetụ aka site n'aka ndị nwe ala dị elu, ndị na-agbazinye ego, na ndị ọrụ.[10]  O dere isi iyi nke mkpali ya:

Mahasweta Devi welitere olu ya ọtụtụ ugboro ugboro ikpe na-ata na India.   [1] akwụkwọ ndị Devi dere n'afọ 1977 bụ Aranyer Adhikar (Right to the Forest) bụ maka ndụ Birsa Munda.[1]   Na June 2016, n'ihi ọrụ Devi, ndị Jharkhand Steeti mechara hụ aka ndị ahụ n'ihe oyiyi nke Munda, nke bụ nke ihe nke onye ndú nke a ma ama n'ihi na ọ na foto sitere n'oge Britain..

Devi butere ụzọ dị iwu ụlọ ọrụ nke otu Communist Party of India (Marxist) nke West Bengal.  N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ katọrọ n'ụzọ siri ike mmeri nke ndị ọrụ ugbo nke nnukwu ala ugbo na-eme nri site n'aka nke nyere ya ụlọ ọrụ ihe na-eme a tụfuru atụfu.  Ọ pụtara Mamata Banarjee na ọhụrụ aka 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly nke dugara na njedebe nke afọ 34 nke CPI (M).  [1].  Ọ bụ onye ndú ya na ọgba aghara Nandigram mere ka ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa na-aghọ nko, ndị na-ese ihe, ndị edemede na ndị ọrụ ihe nkiri sonye na ụta maka iwu iwu na mmechi ya na Singur na Nandigram.[3]

A maara ya na akwụkwọ onye edemede a ma ama Manoranjan Bypari aka asụsụ onye ama ama ka e edi ihe odide mbụ ya na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya nakwa dị ka akwụkwọ ya.

Na Frankfurt Book Fair 2006, mgbe India bụ mba mbụ ịbụ mba ndị ọbịa nke oge nke abụọ nke Fair, o kwuru okwu mmeghe na-akpali akpali ebe ọ ndọrọ ndị na-ege ntĩ ka ha bee ákwá na ahịrị ya nke e si na egwu ihe nkiri a ma ama "Mera Joota Hai Japan" nke Raj Kapoor.[17]   N'afọ 1997, onye isi ala Shankar Dayal Sharma ikpe ikpe abụọ mgbe Devi duziri akwụkwọ.  [1] N'afọ 2012, ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ụmụaka 215 bịanyere aka, ya na Nandita Das, Aamir Bashir, na Anusha Rizvi, na mere e nyere onye isi ala Pranab Mukherjee nke umure-eme ihe mgbe a mara Ajmal Kasab ikpe mgbe Mumbai nke afọ 2008  ma kama ọ pụtara ndụ niile.  [2] akwụkwọ ozi ahụ kwuru, "N'ala Buddha, Mahavira na Gandhiji, ka a ghara ikwu na ọ dịghị ebe ọ lla n'ime obi anyị maka ebere.".[4]

Ndụ onwe onye

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Na 27 Febụwarị 1947, ọ akụkọ onye edemede egwuregwu a ma ama Bijon Bhattacharya, onye bụ otu n'ime ndị òtù òtù Indian People's Theater Association.[1]  N'afọ 1948, ọ njikọ Nabarun Bhattacharya, onye edemede onye edemede na onye nkatọ ụdị ụdị.[2]  Ọ bụ ọrụ na post ekere mana a chụrụ ya n'anya maka ụdị Kọmunist.[11]  Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, dị ka ire ncha na ide akwụkwọ ozi n'asụsụ Bekee maka ndị na-egosi akwụkwọ.  N'afọ 1962, ọ ngosi onye edemede Asit Gupta mgbe ọ gbara Bhattacharya ihe.[11]  N'afọ 1976, ọdịda ya na Gupta akpụkpọ.

Ọnwụ

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N'abụ iri abụọ na atọ n'afọ Julaị n'afọ 2016, Devi nwere nnukwu nkụchi obi ma nabata ya na Belle Vue Clinic, Kolkata.  Devi ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa ọtụtụ akara ahụ na 28 Julaị 2016, mgbe ọ dị afọ 90.[1]  Ọ na-arahụ shuga, sepsis na mpaghara.[5]

MGBE NA-EGO, MAMA BANKEA, Onye isi Minista West Bengal Tweet eimed "mahashweta devin ji pịa ỊN'Tụgharịa ozi gị. OLU NHA NHA4: Ọ bụ na ị ga-aga, ọ bụrụ na ị ga-eji. "[5]

Onyinye na mmata

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  • 1979: Sahitya Akademi Award (Bengali): - Aranyer Adhikar (akwụkwọ akụkọ) [6]
  • Padma Shri Awards (1980-1989)">1986: Padma Shri maka Ọrụ Ọha [7]
  • 1996: Jnanpith Award - ihe nrite kachasị elu site na Bharatiya Jnanpith[6]
  • 1997: Ramon Magsay Award - Journalism, Literature, and the Creative Communication Arts maka "mgbalị ọmịiko site na nka na ime ihe iji kwuo maka ndị agbụrụ ebe ziri ezi na nke a na-asọpụrụ na ndụ mba India"[8][25]
  • 2003: Onye isi nke Ordre des Arts et des Lettres [9]
  • 2006: Padma Vibhushan - ihe nrite nke abụọ kachasị elu site na Gọọmentị India [6]
  • 2007: SAARC Literary Award [10]
  • 2009: E depụtara ya maka Man Booker International Prize [11]
  • 2010: Yashwantrao Chavan National Award [12]
  • 2011: Banga Bibhushan - ihe nrite kachasị elu nke ndị nkịtị site na Gọọmentị nke West Bengal [13]
  • 2012: A họpụtara ya maka onyinye Nobel maka edemedeIhe nrite Nobel maka edemede
  • 2014: Mamoni Raisom Goswami National Award for Literature nke Asam Sahitya Sabha guzobere ma Numaligarh Refinery Ltd., Assam kwadoro
  • Na 14 Jenụwarị 2018, Google sọpụrụ Mahasweta Devi na ncheta ọmụmụ ya nke afọ 92, na-eme emume ọrụ ya site n'ịmepụta doodle na ya.[14]

Ọrụ ndị isi Devi gụnyere: [32]

  • Jhansi Rani (1956, akụkọ ndụ) [15]
    • Eze Nwanyị nke Jhansi, nke Mahasweta Devi (nke Sagaree na Mandira Sengupta sụgharịrị). Akwụkwọ a bụ nrụzigharị nke ndụ Rani Lakshmi Bai site na nyocha sara mbara nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme (nke G. C. Tambe, nwa nwa nke Queen, chịkọtara) na akụkọ ọdịnala, uri na ọdịnala ọnụ; e bipụtara nke mbụ na Bengali na 1956; nsụgharị Bekee nke Seagull Books, Calcutta, 2000,  
  • Mastar Saab nke a makwaara dị ka Massaheb (Onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ), nke dabeere na mgbanwe agha nke ndị Kọmunist na Bihar maka mgbanwe ala. A na-ekwu na akwụkwọ akụkọ a dabeere na ndụ onye ndú naxal Jagdish Mahto, onye ghọrọ onye a ma ama na Bhojpur maka enyemaka ya na ọgụ agha nke ndị ogbenye megide ndị nwe ala.[16][17]
  • Hajar Churashir Maa (1974, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Nne nke 1084) [15]
  • Aranyer Adhikar (1979, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Right to the Forest) [15]
  • Agnigarbha (1978, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi) [15]
  • Murti (1979, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi)
  • Neerete Megh (1979, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi)
  • Stanyadayani (1980, nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi)
  • Chotti Munda Ebong Tar Tir (1980, akwụkwọ akụkọ, Chotti Monda na Akụ́ Ya)

Ihe nkiri

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  • Sunghursh (1968), ihe nkiri Hindi nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Layli Asmaner Ayna [18]
  • Rudaali (1993) [15][19]
  • Bayen (Hindi) (1993) ihe nkiri dabeere na Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Gul Bahar singh duziri
  • Hazaar Chaurasi Ki Maa (1998) [15][19]
  • Maati Maay (2006), ihe nkiri Marathi nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi BAayen [19]
  • Gangor (2010), ihe nkiri Italian nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Choli Ke Peeche [19]
  • <i id="mwAfU">Ulas</i> (ihe nkiri Bengali nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi atọ - Daur, Mahadu Ekti Rupkatha na Anna Aranya) nke Ishwar Chakraborty duziri, wepụtara na 2012.

N'omenala a ma ama

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Mahananda, ihe nkiri Bengali nke dabeere na ndụ ya na ọrụ ya, nke onye nduzi a ma ama bụ Arindam Sil duziri na 2022. Gargi Roychowdhury dere ọrụ a na fim ahụ.

Hụkwa

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Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ Datta. "Tearing the curtain of darkness", The Hindu, 31 July 2016. Retrieved on 27 June 2017.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Panth. "Mahasweta Devi lived like she wrote: Fearlessly and without restraint", Hindustan Times, July 28, 2016. Retrieved on 21 June 2021.
  3. ↑ "Tearing the curtain of darkness", The Hindu, 2016-07-31. Retrieved on 2016-07-31. (in en-IN)
  4. ↑ Janwalkar. "Don't hang him, give him a chance to atone, citizens wrote to President", Indian Express, November 22, 2012. Retrieved on 26 November 2021.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Mahasweta Devi passes away", The Hindu, 28 July 2016. Retrieved on 29 July 2016.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Who was Mahasweta Devi? Why her death is a loss for Indian readers. India Today (28 July 2016). Retrieved on 2016-07-31.
  7. ↑ Padma Awards Directory (1954–2014) 72–94. Ministry of Home Affairs (India) (21 May 2014). Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved on 22 March 2016.
  8. ↑ John Charles Hawley (2001). Encyclopedia of Postcolonial Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group, 142–. ISBN 978-0-313-31192-5. Retrieved on 6 October 2012. 
  9. ↑ Kurian, Nimi. "Of ordinary lives", The Hindu, 1 January 2006. Retrieved on 1 August 2016.
  10. ↑ Haq, Kaiser. "On Hallowed Ground: SAARC Translation Workshop at Belur, Kolkata", The Daily Star, 14 April 2007. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.
  11. ↑ The Man Booker International Prize 2009. Man Booker Prize. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.
  12. ↑ "Yashwantrao Chavan Award for Mahasweta Devi", The Hindu, 13 March 2011. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.
  13. ↑ "Soumitra refuses Banga Bibhushan Award", The Times of India, 20 May 2013. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.
  14. ↑ "Who is Mahasweta Devi? Google Doodle celebrates 92nd birth anniversary of Indian writer", Financial Express, 14 January 2018.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 Chatterjee. "Remembering Writer Mahasweta Devi - The Voice Of The Downtrodden", NDTV, July 28, 2020. Retrieved on 21 June 2021.Chatterjee, Debjani (28 July 2020). "Remembering Writer Mahasweta Devi - The Voice Of The Downtrodden". NDTV. All India. Retrieved 21 June 2021. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Chatterjee 2020" defined multiple times with different content
  16. ↑ (2023) in Murzban Jal: Rethinking Caste and Resistance in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1000905946. 
  17. ↑ Who is Mahashweta Devi. Times of India. Retrieved on 13 July 2023.
  18. ↑ Upala Sen. "The book thief", The Telegraph, 17 April 2016. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Devarsi Ghosh (28 July 2016). Mahasweta Devi, RIP: Rudaali to Sunghursh, 5 films that immortalise the author's works. India Today. Retrieved on 31 July 2016.

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