Mary Bateman
| Ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| Mba o sị | Kingdom of Great Britain |
| Aha ọmụmụ | Mary Harker |
| Aha enyere | Mary |
| Aha ezinụlọ ya | Bateman |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1768 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | North Yorkshire |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 20 Maachị 1809 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | York |
| Ụdị ọnwụ | capital punishment |
| Ihe kpatara ọnwụ | hanging to death |
| Ikpe nke | murder |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | witch, con artist |
Mary Bateman (née Harker, [1] 1768 - 20 Machị 1809) bụ onye omekome England na onye a na-ebo ebubo amoosu, nke a maara dị ka Yorkshire Witch, onye e kpere ikpe ma gbuo maka igbu ọchụ na mmalite narị afọ nke 19.
Akụkọ ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọtụtụ nkọwa gbasara ndụ Mary Bateman ka amara site na Ndụ pụrụiche na agwa Mary Bateman,[1] e bipụtara n'oge na-adịghị anya ka ikpe ya na ọnwụ ya gasịrị. A mụrụ ya na Asenby na North Riding nke Yorkshire na 1768. Nna ya bụ onye ọrụ ugbo. Ọ mụtara ịgụ na ide ma malite mgbe ọ dị afọ 13, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka nwa agbọghọ na-eje ozi na Thirsk, North Riding nke Yorkshire. [2]
Ọ kwagara York mgbe ọ dị afọ 20 wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-emepụta ejiji. Otú ọ dị, ọ gbagara Leeds n'afọ sochirinụ mgbe o sonyere na ohi. N'ime afọ anọ sochirinụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme Mantua, ma malite iwulite aha dị ka onye amụma na 'nwanyi maara ihe'. N'afọ 1792, ọ lụrụ John Bateman, onye bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ wheelwright.[2] N'ime afọ ndị a mbụ nke alụmdi na nwunye ya, ọ mekwara ọtụtụ ohi ma jide ya ọtụtụ oge, na-agbanarị ụlọ mkpọrọ site n'inye ndị hụrụ ihe omume ya aka azụ.[1][2] Na 1796, John sonyeere ndị agha, Bateman sokwa ya pụọ na Leeds, agbanyeghị n'ime otu afọ ha laghachiri na Leeds.[2] N'ime mpụ ndị ọzọ, a kọrọ na ọ gara n'okporo ụzọ Leeds otu oge mgbe nnukwu ọkụ gbasasịrị arịrịọ maka ego na ngwongwo maka ndị ihe metụtara, kama ọ na-ejigidere onwe ya onyinye ebere.[3] Dị ka onye edemede Summer Stevens si kwuo, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ete ime.[3]
N'afọ 1806, Bateman sonyeere ndị na-eso ụzọ onye amụma nwanyị Joanna Southcott ma gaa nzukọ. Dị ka akụkụ nke ịrọ òtù Southcottian, o mepụtara aghụghọ a maara dị ka The Prophet Hen of Leeds, nke a na-ekwu na àkwá nke ọkụkọ nyere dere na ha 'Kraịst na-abịa' - ozi e kwenyere na ọ ga-ebute oge ọgwụgwụ.[4][5] Bateman gosipụtara atọ n'ime àkwá ndị a ma na-akwụ ndị ọha na eze ụgwọ otu penny iji hụ ha. Mgbe e wepụrụ ọkụkọ ahụ n'aka ya, ọ naghị amụ àkwá amụma ọzọ. E mechara chọpụta na o dere na àkwá site na iji ink ma tinyeghachi ha n'ime Oviduct nke ọkụkọ ahụ.[2]
N'otu afọ ahụ, William na Rebecca Perigo bịakwutere Bateman - Rebecca na-arịa ihe mgbu obi ma Bateman chọpụtara na etinyela ya n'okpuru ọgwụ.[2] Otú ọ dị, n'ime ọnwa ole na ole sochirinụ, Bateman malitere inye ha pudding nke e ji nsí gwakọta. Otú ọ dị, n'ime ọnwa ole na ole sochirinụ, Bateman malitere inye ha nri pudding nke e tinyere nsi. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ Rebecca kara njọ ma mesịa nwụọ na 1808. N'October 1808 William Perigo boro Bateman ebubo na ọ na-egbu nwunye ya nsi, yana ịghọgbu ha ego maka afọ abụọ bu ụzọ kwụọ ụgwọ maka "ọmụma" na ọgwụgwọ.[1][2] N'agbanyeghị na Bateman kwuputara na aka ya dị ọcha, nyocha nke ụlọ ya nwetara nsi yana ọtụtụ ihe ndị o metụtara gụnyere di na nwunye Perigo.[2]
Ikpe na ogbugbu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ikpe Bateman mere na York na Machị 1809. Dị ka The Criminal Chronology of York Castle nke William Knipe dere, nke e dere na 1867, ikpe ahụ were awa 11, ọ bụ ezie na ndị ọka ikpe were naanị oge ole na ole iji chọpụta na ikpe mara ya maka ebubo wayo na ogbugbu Rebecca Perigo. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwukwa na ozugbo ikpe ọnwụ sitere n'aka onye ọka ikpe, Bateman kwuru na ọ dị ime izu iri abụọ na abụọ ma si otú a zere ịkwụgbu ya. Onye ọka ikpe ahụ mechara rịọ ka Sheriff kpọkọta otu 'ndị isi' iji nyochaa nkwupụta Bateman. A ṅụrụ ụmụ nwanyị iri na abụọ lụrụ di iyi n'ime ndị ọka ikpe ma mee nyocha anụ ahụ nke Bateman, na-ekwu na ọ dịghị ime.[6]
Ihe ndekọ nke William Knipe nke 1867 na-egosi na Bateman nwere nwa nwanyị n'ụlọ yana nwa ọhụrụ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ya na ya. A kọrọ na ọ zitere mgbanaka agbamakwụkwọ ya nye di ya ka o nye nwa ya nwanyị ahụ.[6]
A kwụgburu Bateman na ndị ikom abụọ na Mọnde 20 Machị 1809. [6]
Nchịkọta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mgbe e gbusịrị ya, e bugara ozu ya na Leeds General Infirmary, nke gosipụtara ozu ya n'ihu ọha, na-akwụ onye nleta 3 penny.[7] William Hey wepụrụ ozu ya, onye gbasaa ihe omume ahụ n'ime ụbọchị atọ. N'ụbọchị otu ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụike kwụrụ ụgwọ iji hụ ozu ahụ, n'ụbọchị abụọ "ihe dị ka tiketi 100 dị maka ndị ikom [ndị Leeds ọkachamara] kwụrụ guineas ise", na n'ụbọchị ụmụ nwanyị atọ nwere ike ịzụta tiketi ụbọchị iji gaa nkuzi Hey na ahụ.[1] A na-eji akpụkpọ anụ akpụkpọ anụ mee ka ọ bụrụ akpụkpọ anụ ma ree ya ka ọ bụrụ ọtụmọkpọ anwansi iji gbanarị ndị mmụọ ọjọọ ọsọ.[2][3] Ọ bụ gọvanọ Ripon Prison nakọtara ọnụ ọnụ ire ya. Akwụkwọ abụọ sitere n'ọbá akwụkwọ nke Mexborough House kpuchiri akpụkpọ ahụ ya - Sir John Cheeke's Hurt of Sedition: Olee otú o si jọgbuo onwe ya nye A Common Welth (1569) na Richard Braithwaite's Arcadian Princess (1635); akwụkwọ ndị ahụ efunahụ n'etiti narị afọ nke iri na itoolu.[8]
Ihe Nketa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ọnwụ Bateman mere ka ọ dị egwu n'oge ahụ, ọha na eze jikwa ịnụ ọkụ n'obi rie nkọwa ya. [9] Akaụntụ ama ama, The Extraordinary Life and Character of Mary Bateman ka ebipụtara, nke dịlarị na mbipụta nke iri na abụọ ya afọ abụọ ka e gbuchara ya.[1][2] Charles Mackay hotara ihe omume nke akwa amụma dị ka obere ihe atụ nke ntụkwasị obi ọha na eze na Delusions Extraordinary Popular Delusions na Madness of Crowds.
Ọkpụkpụ Bateman gosipụtara ọha na eze na Thackray Medical Museum na Leeds ruo 2015, mgbe a kwagara ya na Mahadum Leeds. [10]
Ihe omume BBC-TV gbasara Bateman, nke gosipụtara nwa nke ya n'oge a (Tracy Whitaker), gosiri isi Bateman ka a na-enyocha laser iji gosi ka ihu ya siri pụta. E gosipụtara ya nke mbụ na 12 Eprel 2001, nke akpọrọ The People Detective – 1. Amoosu na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye nlekọta bụ Daru Rooke gosipụtara.[11]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ihe dị ka 1867, William Knipe tụrụ aro na mpụ riri ya ahụ́.[1] Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Owen Davies na-akọwa Bateman dị ka onye nwere "mkpa gbasara ọrịa izu ohi", na-egosi na e nwere ihe kpatara mmụọ nsọ kpatara mkpali maka ụfọdụ mpụ ya.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ndepụta nke ndị na-egbu ọtụtụ mmadụ site na mba
Edensibia
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Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Baring-Gould (1900). "Mary Bateman, Witch and Murderess", Yorkshire Oddities, Incidents and Strange Events, 5, London: Methuen, 401–424.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Kalenda Newgate - Mary Bateman
- Oge Amụma: Mary Bateman nke Roy Stockdill dere
- York Castle prisons – Executions at York. Archived from the original on 4 October 2006. Retrieved on 28 February 2007.
- Mpụ na ntaramahụhụ na Leeds
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Prisoner Stories: Mary Bateman | York Museums Trust. www.yorkmuseumstrust.org.uk. Retrieved on 2024-03-27.
- 1 2 3 4 5 anon (1811). Extraordinary Life and Character of Mary Bateman the Yorkshire Witch, 12th, Davies and Co., Leeds.
- ↑ S (2 August 2018). Burned At The Stake-The Life of Mary Channing/The Yorkshire Witch-The Life and Trial of Mary Bateman by Summer Strevens.. Glasgow Women's Library. Retrieved on 9 February 2021.
- ↑ Strandberg (June 2003). Are You Rapture Ready. New York City: Dutton, 35–45.
- ↑ 10 failed doomsday predictions. NBC News (12 November 2009). Retrieved on 12 November 2009. “History has countless examples of people who have proclaimed that the return of Jesus Christ is imminent, but perhaps there has never been a stranger messenger than a hen in the English town of Leeds in 1806. It seems that a hen began laying eggs on which the phrase "Christ is coming" was written. As news of this miracle spread, many people became convinced that doomsday was at hand — until a curious local actually watched the hen laying one of the prophetic eggs and discovered someone had hatched a hoax.”
- 1 2 3 Knipe (1867). "Mary Bateman", Criminal chronology of York castle; with a register of criminals capitally convicted and executed at the County assizes, commencing March 1st, 1379, to the present time. York [Eng.] C. L. Burdekin; [etc., etc.], 145-149.
- ↑ Ward (2015). "The Criminal Corpse, Anatomists, and the Criminal Law: Parliamentary Attempts to Extend the Dissection of Offenders in Late Eighteenth-Century England". Journal of British Studies 54 (1): 63–87. DOI:10.1017/jbr.2014.167. ISSN 0021-9371. PMID 25821241.
- ↑ Davies (2017). "The Corpse Gives Life", in Davies: Executing Magic in the Modern Era, Palgrave Historical Studies in the Criminal Corpse and its Afterlife. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 29–52. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-59519-1_3. ISBN 978-3-319-59519-1.
- ↑ Churms (2019). "A Profile of Romantic-Period Popular Magic: Taxonomies of Evidence", in Churms: Romanticism and Popular Magic, Palgrave Studies in the Enlightenment, Romanticism and Cultures of Print. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 17–79. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-04810-5_2. ISBN 978-3-030-04810-5. Retrieved on 9 February 2021.
- ↑ Strevens (2017). The Yorkshire Witch: The Life and Trial of Mary Bateman. Pen and Sword.
- ↑ Witch. The People Detective. Episode 1 of 5. BBC. Archived from the original on 15 April 2017. Retrieved on 10 January 2021.