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Maryse Condé

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Maryse Conde

Maryse Condé (née Marise Liliane Appoline Boucolon; 11 Febụwarị 1934 – 2 Eprel 2024) bụ onye edemede akụkọ, onye nkatọ, na onye na-ede egwuregwu na French si ngalaba French Overseas na mpaghara Guadeloupe. Ọ bụkwa onye gụrụ akwụkwọ, onye ọrụ nkuzi ya kpọgara ya na West Africa na North America, yana Caribbean na Europe. Dịka onye edemede, Condé kacha mara amara maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Ségou (1984–1985)..

Ihe odide Condé na-enyocha ndị Afrịka bi na mba ọzọ nke sitere na Caribbean" id="mwJQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Slavery in the Caribbean">Ịgba ohu na ọchịchị ndị na-achị Caribbean. A sụgharịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, nke e dere na French, n'asụsụ Bekee, German, Dutch, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, na Japanese.[1] O ritere ihe nrite dị iche iche, dị ka Grand Prix Littéraire de la Femme (1986), Prix de l'Académie française (1988), Prix Carbet de la Caraïbe (1997) na New Academy Prize in Literature (2018) maka ọrụ ya. A na-ewere ya dị ka onye na-asọ mpi maka onyinye Nobel na edemede.

Oge ọ malitere

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A mụrụ ya na Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, na 11 Febụwarị 1934, [2]ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ n'ime ụmụ asatọ. Ndị mụrụ ya so n'ime ndị nkuzi ojii mbụ na Guadeloupe. Nne ya, Jeanne Quidal (onye si Marie-Galante, agwaetiti nke a na-ahụkarị n'ide ihe Condé).[3] Nna ya, Auguste Boucolon - onye bụbu onye nkuzi - guzobere obere ụlọ akụ "La Caisse Coopérative des prêts", nke e mechara kpọwa "La Banque Antillaise".[4]

Nna Condé, Auguste Boucolon, nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ site na alụmdi na nwunye mbụ ya: Serge na Albert. Ụmụnne nwanyị atọ nke Condé bụ Ena, Jeanne, na Gillette, ụmụnne ya bụ Auguste, Jean, René, na Guy.[4] A mụrụ Condé afọ iri na otu mgbe Guy nwụsịrị, mgbe nne ya dị afọ iri anọ na atọ, nna ya dịkwa afọ iri isii na atọ. Condé kọwara onwe ya dị ka "nwatakịrị a na-emebi emebi", nke o kwuru na ọ bụ n'ihi afọ ndụ nne na nna ya, yana oge dị n'etiti ya na ụmụnne ya.[4]

Condé malitere ide ihe mgbe ọ dị obere. Tupu ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, o dere otu ihe nkiri, otu onye. E dere egwuregwu ahụ dị ka onyinye maka ụbọchị ọmụmụ nne ya. [4]

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Condé gara Lycée Fénelon site na 1953 ruo 1955, a chụpụrụ ya mgbe afọ abụọ gachara. Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Paris III (Sorbonne Nouvelle) na Paris. N'oge ọ gara, ya na ndị ọzọ West Indians, Condé guzobere klọb Luis-Carlos Prestes.[4]

Ọrụ

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N'afọ 1958, Condé gara mmemme na Paris nke Les Nègres/The Blacks nke Jean Genet, ebe ọ zutere onye na-eme ihe nkiri Guinea Mamadou Condé.[4] N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1958, ọ lụrụ Mamadou Condé.[4] Ha mechara mụọ ụmụ atọ tupu ha kewaa na 1969 (Condé enweela otu nwa site n'aka onye nta akụkọ Haiti bụ Jean Dominique). Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1959, mmekọrịta di na nwunye ahụ adịlarị njọ, Condé kpebiri ịga naanị ya na Ivory Coast, ebe ọ kụziri ihe otu afọ na Bingerville.[4]

N'oge ọ laghachiri Guinea maka ezumike, ọ ghọrọ onye maara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'aka otu ndị enyi Marxist, ndị ga-emetụta ya ịkwaga Ghana.[4] Ọ bụ oge ọgba aghara mana ọ bụ oge mmepe ka o mechara dee akụkọ ya n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 2012 bụ́ La Vie sans fards (Gịnị Bụ Afrịka Nye M? Akụkụ Akwụkwọ Akụkọ Ndụ Eziokwu), dịka ọ dị na mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka nọọrọ onwe ha n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, o so ndị dịka Malcolm X, Che Guevara, Julius Nyerere na Maya Angelou kparịta ụka.[5]

N'agbata afọ 1960 na 1972, ọ kụziri na Guinea, Ghana na Senegal.[1] Mgbe ọ nọ na Ghana, o dezigharịrị nchịkọta nke akwụkwọ edemede ndị Afrịka na-asụ French, Anthologie de la littérature africaine d'expression française (Ghana Institute of Languages, 1966). [6] Otú ọ dị, ọ bịara nwee nkụda mmụọ na ọ bụ "onye akaebe nke ọtụtụ ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya", na ebubo a na-ebo ya maka ọrụ a na-enyo enyo mere ka a chụpụ Condé na Ghana.[7]

Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị West Africa, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na London dị ka onye na-emepụta BBC ruo afọ abụọ.[8] Mgbe ahụ na 1973, ọ laghachiri Paris ma kụzie akwụkwọ Francophone na Paris VII (Jussieu), X (Nanterre) , na Ill (Sorbonne Nouvelle). [1] N'afọ 1975, ọ gụsịrị M.A. na Ph.D. ya na Sorbonne Nouvelle na Paris na akwụkwọ ntụnyere, na-enyocha stereotypes ojii na Akwụkwọ Caribbean. [1] [9]Ọ bụ onye dere akwụkwọ nkatọ nke gụnyere Le profil d'une oeuvre (Hatier, 1978), La Civilisation du Bossale (L'Harmattan, 1978), na La Parole des femmes (L'Rarmattan, 1979). [6]

N'afọ 1981, ya na Condé gbara alụkwaghịm, ebe ha kewara kemgbe. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ lụrụ Richard Philcox, Onye Bekee na onye ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya. [10]

O bipụtaghị akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, Heremakhonon,, ruo mgbe ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 40, n'ihi na " enweghị obi ike na ma ghara anwa igosi ederede na ụwa dị n'èzí. " [11] E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke abụọ, Une saison à Rihata, na 1981; Otú ọ dị, Condé agaghị abụ onye a ma ama dị ka onye edemede Caribbean nke oge a ruo mgbe e bipụtara akwụkwọ edemede ya nke atọ, Ségou (1984). [1][she][her]

N'ịgbaso ihe ịga nke ọma nke Ségou, na 1985, e nyere Condé agụmakwụkwọ Fulbright na United States iji kụzie "Akwụkwọ na Ọdịbendị nke Caribbean" na Occidental College, Los Angeles (September 1985-May 1986). [12] N'afọ 1987, ọ bụ onye edemede Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio, e nyekwara ya Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship.[9][13] N'afọ 1991, e mere egwuregwu ya The Hills of Massabielle na New York na Ubu Repertory Theater . [9][3] A gụnyere ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ 1992 Daughters of Africa, nke Margaret Busby dezigharịrị.[14] N'afọ 1995, Condé ghọrọ prọfesọ nke akwụkwọ French na Francophone na Mahadum Columbia dị na New York City, ebe o mechara bụrụ prọfesụ emerita. [15]

Condé kụziri na mahadum dị iche iche, gụnyere Mahadum California, Berkeley; UCLA, Sorbonne, Mahadum Virginia, na Mahadum Nanterre. Ọ lara ezumike nká na nkuzi n'afọ 2005.[1] Ọ bụ isiokwu nke ihe nkiri akụkọ 2011 Maryse Condé, une voix singulière, nke Jérôme Sesquin duziri, nke na-akọ akụkọ ndụ ya.[16][17]

N'afọ 2011, e meghere Collège Maryse-Condé na agwaetiti La Désirade iji sọpụrụ ya. [9]

Ọnwụ

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Condé nwụrụ na Apt, Vaucluse, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ France, na 2 Eprel 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 90. [18][19]

Ihe odide ya pụtara

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Akwụkwọ akụkọ Condé na-enyocha okwu agbụrụ, okike, na omenala n'ọtụtụ oge na ebe akụkọ ihe mere eme dị iche iche, gụnyere ikpe ndị amoosu Salem na I, Tituba: Amoosu Ojii nke Salem (1986); Alaeze Ukwu Bambara nke Mali nke narị afọ nke 19 na Ségou (1984–1985); na owuwu nke Panama Canal nke narị afọ nke 20 na mmetụta ya na mmụba nke ndị West Indian etiti na Tree of Life (1987). Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na-achọpụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị Africa na ndị si mba ọzọ bịa, karịsịa ndị Caribbean. Dị ka Louise Hardwick si kwuo, "Cosmopolitan na ọdịdị, akwụkwọ Condé na-ekwu maka mgbagwoju anya nke ụwa zuru ụwa ọnụ n'olu doro anya. Ọ jụrụ mgbalị iji mee ka ụdị ya dị, ma ọ bụ akara na-akọwa ya dị ka onye edemede French ma ọ bụ Creole, " a na-ekwukarị ya ka ọ na-ekwu: "M na-ede na Maryse Condé".[20][21][22]

E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, Heremakhonon (n'Asụsụ Malinke, aha ahụ pụtara "ichere maka obi ụtọ"), [23] na 1976. [1] Ọ bụ ihe na-ese okwu nke ukwuu nke na e wepụrụ ya na shelf mgbe ọnwa isii gasịrị n'ihi nkatọ ya banyere ihe ịga nke ọma nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya n'Africa.[24] Ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ahụ yiri ndụ nke Condé n'oge mbụ ọ nọrọ na Guinea, a na-edekwa ya dị ka akụkọ onye mbụ, o kwusiri ike na ọ bụghị akụkọ ndụ onwe onye. Akwụkwọ ahụ bụ akụkọ, dị ka ọ kọwara ya, nke "'anti-moi', onye na-edoghị anya nke ọchụchọ maka njirimara na mmalite ya bụ ụdị nnupụisi nke omume rụrụ arụ. "[25]

Condé nọpụrụ iche nke ukwuu site n'ọtụtụ mmegharị akwụkwọ Caribbean, dịka Négritude na Creolité, ma na-elekwasịkarị anya n'isiokwu ndị nwere nchegbu siri ike gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Dịka onye na-akwado ikike ọchịchị n'ọrụ ya nakwa ná ndụ ya, Condé kwetara, sị: "Enweghị m ike ide ihe ọ bụla... ọ gwụla ma ọ nwere ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụfọdụ. Enweghị m ihe ọzọ m ga-enye nke ka dị mkpa. "

Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke afọ 1995 bụ Windward Heights bụ reworking nke Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights (1847), nke Condé gụrụ na mbụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 14. Ọ dịla anya ọ chọrọ ịmepụta ọrụ nke ya gburugburu ya, dị ka omume "nkwanye ùgwù". A na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Condé na Guadeloupe, a na-egosikwa agbụrụ na ọdịbendị dị ka nsogbu na-ekewa ndị mmadụ. N'ịtụgharị uche n'otú o si nweta ihe ndabere Caribbean ya n'ide akwụkwọ a, o kwuru, sị:

"Ịbụ akụkụ nke ọtụtụ ụwa - akụkụ nke ụwa Afrịka n'ihi ndị ohu Afrịka, akụkụ nke ụwa Europe n'ihi agụmakwụkwọ Europe - bụ ụdị echiche abụọ. Ị nwere ike iji nke ahụ n'ụzọ nke gị ma nye ahịrịokwu ihe ọzọ. Obi dị m ụtọ mgbe m na-arụ ọrụ ahụ, n'ihi na ọ bụ egwuregwu, ụdị egwuregwu rụrụ arụ ma na-atọ ụtọ. "   

Ihe odide ndị Condé mechara dee gụnyere Tales From the Heart: True Stories From My Childhood (1999), nchịkọta edemede banyere oge ọ bụ nwata, [26] na Victoire (2006), akụkọ ndụ nke nne nne ya n'oge ndị isi ojii nke Guadeloupe kwupụtara ikike ha maka agụmakwụkwọ na ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. [27]

Who Slashed Celanire's Throat (2000) sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ezigbo akụkọ ma jiri ngwakọta nke Ime Anwansi na nrọ efu na akwụkwọ akụkọ banyere nwanyị chọrọ ịchọpụta eziokwu nke oge gara aga ma bọọ ọbọ maka nkwarụ ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata.[28]

Nsụgharị nke afọ 2017 nke Richard Philcox nke Condé dere bụ What Is Africa to Me? Fragments of a True-to-Life Autobiography, Noo Saro-Wiwa kọwara ya na nyocha maka The Times Literary Supplement dị ka "ihe na-atọ ụtọ ma na-atọ ọchị mgbe ụfọdụ banyere afọ iri na abụọ onye edemede ahụ nọrọ n'Africa n'oge ngwụcha afọ 1950 na 60s. ... ma site na njedebe akwụkwọ ahụ, onye edemede ahụ kwetara na ọ ka maghị ihe Afrịka pụtara nye ya - nkwenye obi ike n'ụwa nke na-achọ akụkọ ndị a kapịrị ọnụ. "

N'afọ 2018, e nyere Condé New Academy Prize in Literature, nke e guzobere dị ka ihe ọzọ na Nobel Prize in Literation (nke a na-ewere ya dịka onye ọkacha mmasị mana enyeghị ya n'afọ ahụ, n'ihi mmetọ mmekọahụ n'etiti kọmitii onyinye), [29] na ndị ọka ikpe na-eto Condé dị ka "onye na-akọ akụkọ ukwu nke edemede ya bụ nke akwụkwọ ụwa, na-akọwa mbibi nke ọchịchị na ọgba aghara postcolonial n'asụsụ nke ziri ezi ma na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ.

N'afọ 2022, a kwanyeere ya ugwu dị ka otu n'ime ndị edemede 12 nke Royal Society of Literature International, n'akụkụ Anne Carson, Tsitsi Dangarembga, Cornelia Funke, Mary Gaitskill, Faïza Guène, Saidiya Hartman, Kim Hyesoon, Yōko Ogawa, Raja Shehadeh, Juan Gabriel Vásquez na Samar Yazbek.[30]

Akwụkwọ akụkọ Condé nke afọ 2023, The Gospel According to the New World, edepụtara maka International Booker Prize ma, mgbe ọ dị afọ 86, ọ bụ onye edemede kacha okenye e depụtara maka ihe nrite ahụ.[31] E ji okwu gwa di ya na onye ntụgharị okwu bụ́ Richard Philcox ka o mepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na o nwere nsogbu akwara ozi nke mere ka o siere ya ike ikwu okwu na ịhụ ihe.[32] Ha abụọ bụ ndị otu onye edemede-onye ntụgharị nke nwunye na di mbụ a ga-edepụta ogologo oge, ma mesịa depụta, [31] maka onyinye ahụ.[33][34][35]

Ebe ndebe ihe ochie

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A na-edebe ihe ndekọ akwụkwọ Maryse Condé (akwụkwọ Maryse Condés, 1979-2012) na Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Mahadum Columbia . [36]

Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

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Akwụkwọ akụkọ

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Original publication English publication
Title Year Title Translator Year Publisher Notes/References
Hérémakhonon 1976 Heremakhonon Richard Philcox 1982 Three Continents Press [37]
Une saison à Rihata 1981 A Season in Rihata 1988 Heinemann [38]
Ségou: les murailles de terre

(lit: "Segu: The Earthen Wall")		 1984 Segu Barbara Bray 1987 Viking Press [39][40]
1988 Ballantine Books
1998 Penguin Books
Ségou: la terre en miettes

(lit: "Segu: The Earth in Pieces")		 1985 The Children of Segu Linda Coverdale 1989 Viking Press [41][42]
1990 Ballantine Books
Moi, Tituba, Sorcière…Noire de Salem 1986 I, Tituba: Black Witch of Salem Richard Philcox 1992,

2009		 University of Virginia Press [43][44]
1994 Ballantine Books
La Vie scélérate [fr]

(lit: "The Wicked Life")		 1987 Tree of Life: A Novel of the Caribbean Victoria Reiter 1992 Ballantine Books [45][46]
Traversée de la mangrove 1989 Crossing the Mangrove Richard Philcox 1995 Anchor Books [47][48][49]
Les Derniers rois mages

(lit: "The Last Magi")		 1992 The Last of the African Kings 1997 University of Nebraska Press [49][50]
La Colonie du nouveau monde

(lit: "The New World Colony")		 1993 N/a N/a N/a N/a [51]
La Migration des cœurs [fr]

(lit: "The Migration of Hearts")		 1995 Windward Heights Richard Philcox 1998 Soho Press [52][53][54]
Desirada 1997 Desirada 2000 Soho Press [55][56]
Célanire cou-coupé [fr]

(lit: "Slashed-Throat Célanire")		 2000 Who Slashed Celanire's Throat? 2004 Atria Publishing Group [57][58][59]
La Belle créole

(lit: "The Beautiful Créole")		 2001 The Belle Créole Nicole Simek 2020 University of Virginia Press [60][61]
Histoire de la femme cannibale [fr] 2003 The Story of the Cannibal Woman Richard Philcox 2007 Atria Publishing Group [62][63][64]
Les Belles ténébreuses

(lit: "The Dark Beauties")		 2008 N/a N/a N/a N/a [65]
En attendant la montée des eaux [fr] 2010 Waiting for the Waters to Rise Richard Philcox 2021 World Editions [66][67]
Le Fabuleux et triste destin d'Ivan et d'Ivana 2017 The Wondrous and Tragic Life

of Ivan and Ivana		 2020 World Editions [68][69]
L'Évangile du nouveau monde 2021 The Gospel According to the New World 2023 World Editions [70][71]

Egwuregwu

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  • An Tan Révolisyion, [72] nke e bipụtara na 1991, nke mbụ e mere na Guadeloupe na 1989 [73]
  • Comédie d'Amour, [72] nke mbụ e mere na Paris na 1993 [74][75]
  • Dieu nous l'a donné, [72] nke e bipụtara na 1972, nke mbụ e mere na Paris na 1973
  • La Mort d'Oluwémi d'Ajumako, [72] nke e bipụtara na 1973, nke mbụ e mere na 1974 na Gabon
  • Le Morne de Massabielle, [72] nke mbụ e mere na 1974 na Puteaux, France, e mechara mee ya na Bekee na New York dị ka The Hills of Massabielle na Ubu Repertory Theater (1991) [9]
  • Les Sept voyages de Ti-Noël (nke ya na José Jernidier jikọrọ aka dee), nke mbụ e mere na Guadeloupe na 1987 [76][77][78]
  • Pension les Alizés, [72] nke e bipụtara na 1988, nke mbụ e mere na Guadeloupe ma mesịa mee na New York dị ka Tropical Breeze Hotel (1995) [79]
  • 'Dị ka Ụmụnne Abụọ' (2007). Dị ka Ụmụnne Abụọ.[80]

Nkatọ na akụkọ ifo ndị ọzọ

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  • "Ndị edemede nwanyị atọ n'Africa nke oge a: Flora Nwapa, Ama Ata Aidoo na Grace Ogot" (1972), Presence Africaine, 82:132-143.[81]
  • Akụkọ banyere otu ọrụ, Hatier, 1978[6]
  • Mmepeanya nke Bossale: Echiche banyere akwụkwọ a na-ekwu n'ọnụ nke Guadeloupe na Martinique, Paris: L'Harmattan, 1978[6][82]
  • Okwu ụmụ nwanyị: Essai sur des romancières des Antilles de langue française. , Paris: L'Harmattan, 1979[6][82]
  • Ajụjụ ọnụ na Maryse Condé (1993). Mkparịta ụka na Maryse Condé (1996). Ajụjụ ọnụ na Françoise Pfaff. Nsụgharị Bekee gụnyere isi ọhụrụ dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ 1994. [83][84][85]
  • "The Role of the Writer" (1993), World Literature Today, 67 (4): 697-699.[86]
  • Obi na-achị ọchị ma na-ebe ákwá: ihe ncheta nke nwata m (1999). Akụkọ sitere n'obi: Akụkọ Ezi Akụkọ sitere na nwata m, trans. Richard Philcox (2001). [87][88]
  • "Order, Disorder, Freedom, and the West Indian Writer" (2000), Yale French Studies 97: 151.[89]
  • Mmeri, ụtọ na okwu (2006). Mmeri: Nne M, trans. Richard Philcox (2006). [90][91]
  • La Vie sans fards (2012). Gịnị bụ Africa nye m? Iberibe nke True-to-Life Autobiography, trans. Richard Philcox (2017). [92][93]
  • The Journey of a Caribbean Writer (2013). Nchịkọta nke edemede, trans. Richard Philcox.[94]
  • Mets na ihe ịtụnanya (2015). N'ime Morsels na Marvels, trans. Richard Philcox (2015). [95][96]

Dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ

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  • Anthologie de la littérature africaine d'expression française. Ghana Institute of Languages, 1966.[6][9]
  • Abụ Ndị Caribbean. Paris: Nathan, 1977.[6][9]
  • Ebe ndị Rom si Caribbean Paris: Nathan, 1977.[6][9]
  • Akara olu maka Guy Tirolien (onye na-enyekwa aka). Pointe-à-Pitre: Jasor Editions, 1990.[9]
  • Caliban's Legacy, mbipụta pụrụ iche nke Callaloo na akwụkwọ nke Guadeloupe na Martinique, 1992. [9]
  • L'Heritage de Caliban (onye nchịkọta akụkọ), edemede na akwụkwọ Francophone Caribbean. Pointe-à-Pitre: Jasor Editions, 1992.[9]
  • Chee echiche nke Creole. Paris: mbipụta Karthala, 1995.[9]

Onyinye na nsọpụrụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  • 1986: Nnukwu Ihe Nrite Akwụkwọ nke Nwaanyị[97][98]
  • 1987: Prix de l'Académie française (La vie scélérate) [99]
  • 1988: Liberatur Prize (Ségou) [100][101]
  • 1993: Ihe nrite Puterbaugh [102]
  • 1997: Prix Carbet de la Caraibe (Desirada)
  • 1999: Marguerite Yourcenar Prize (Obi ị ga-achị ọchị ma na-ebe ákwá) [103]
  • 1999: Lifetime Achievement Award site na mmemme Africana Studies nke Mahadum New York [103]
  • 2001: Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres site na Gọọmentị France [103]
  • 2005: Hurston/Wright Legacy Award (Who Slashed Celanire's Throat?) [104]
  • 2007: Prix Tropiques de l'Agence française de développement (Victoire, les saveurs et les mots) [105][106]
  • 2008: Ihe nrite nke nka Afro-Caribbean maka Les Belles Ténèbres. Paris [9]
  • 2009: Ihe nrite nke Afro-Caribbean Arts for Lifetime Achievement. Paris [9][107]
  • 2010: Grand prix du roman métis (Ka ọ na-echere ịrị elu nke mmiri) [108]
  • 2018: New Academy Prize in Literature [24]
  • 2020: PEN Translates award for Waiting for the Waters to Rise [109]
  • 2021: Ihe nrite ụwa Cino Del Duca[110]
  • 2021: PEN Translates award from English PEN for The Gospel According to the New World [111]
  • 2022: Royal Society of Literature International Writer [112][113]

Hụkwa

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  • Akwụkwọ Caribbean
  • Akwụkwọ ndị e dere mgbe ha nwụsịrị
  • Ọchịchịrị

Edemsibia

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value)."Maryse Condé | Columbia | French". french.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  3. 1 2 Lewis, Barbara (Summer 1995). "No Silence: An Interview with Maryse Condé". Callaloo. 18: 543–550. doi:10.1353/cal.1995.0093. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Clark, VèVè A. (1989). "'I Have Made Peace With My Island': An Interview with Maryse Condé". Callaloo (38): 87–133. doi:10.2307/2931145. ISSN 0161-2492.
  5. ↑ What Is Africa to Me? Fragments of a True-to-Life Autobiography. Seagull Books. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  7. ↑ Tepper, Anderson (6 March 2023). "Maryse Condé, at Home in the World". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  8. ↑ Cain, Sian (2 April 2024). "Maryse Condé, Guadeloupean 'grand storyteller' dies aged 90". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  10. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  11. ↑ Quinn, Annalisa (12 October 2018). "Maryse Condé Wins an Alternative to the Literature Nobel in a Scandal-Plagued Year". The New York Times (in Bekee ndị America). Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  12. ↑ "Literature and Culture of the Caribbean". Fulbright Scholar Program. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  13. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  14. ↑ Busby, ed. (1994). Daughters of Africa: An International Anthology of Words and Writings by Women of African Descent from the Ancient Egyptian to the Present. LibraryThing. ISBN 978-0-345-38268-9. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  15. ↑ Sethi, Anita (4 July 2020). "Interview | Maryse Condé: 'An English author can reach the heart of a Caribbean child'". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  16. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  17. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  18. ↑ "Mort de Maryse Condé, grande dame de la littérature et de la pensée anticoloniale – L'Humanité". humanite.fr (in French). 3 September 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
  19. ↑ Marivat, Gladys (2 April 2024). "L'écrivaine guadeloupéenne Maryse Condé est morte". Le Monde.fr (in French). Retrieved 2 April 2024.
  20. ↑ "Maryse Condé obituary". The Guardian. 12 April 2024. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  21. ↑ "'For a writer there is no mother tongue: he forges his own language according to his or her needs': A Q&A with Maryse Condé". London Review Bookshop. 25 August 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  22. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  23. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  24. 1 2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  25. ↑ Lionnet, F. (1989). "Happiness Deferred: Maryse Condé's Heremakhonon and the Failure of Enunciation" Archived 21 Jụn 2022 at the Wayback Machine. In Autobiographical Voices: Race, Gender, Self-Portraiture (pp. 167–190). Ithaca; London: Cornell University Press.
  26. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  27. ↑ Green, Mary Jean (2014). "Maryse Condé's Victoire: Thinking Back through Her Mothers". Nottingham French Studies. 53 (3): 297–313. doi:10.3366/nfs.2014.0094. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  28. ↑ "Who Slashed Celanire's Throat". Hurston/Wright Foundation.
  29. ↑ Risen, Clay (2 April 2024). "Maryse Condé, 'Grande Dame' of Francophone Literature, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  30. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  31. 1 2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  32. ↑ Italie, Hillel (2 April 2014). "Maryse Condé, prolific 'grande dame' of Caribbean literature, dead at age 90". The Independent. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  33. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  34. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  35. ↑ Self, John (22 May 2023). "The 2023 International Booker prize shortlist – review". The Observer. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  36. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  37. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1982). Hérémakhonon (1st English language ed.). Washington, D.C.: Three Continents Press. ISBN 9780894102325. OCLC 8646556.
  38. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1988). A Season in Rihata (in Bekee). Heinemann Educational. ISBN 978-0-435-98832-6. OCLC 8106613884. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  39. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1987). Segu (in Bekee). New York, N.Y: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-80728-4. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  40. ↑ Conde, Maryse (1996). Segu (in Bekee). Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-14-025949-0. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  41. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1989). The Children of Segu (in Bekee). Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-82981-1. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  42. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1990). The Children of Segu (in Bekee). Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-36634-4. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  43. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2009). I, Tituba, black witch of Salem (1st paperback ed.). Charlottesville: Univ. of Virginia Press. ISBN 9780813927671. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  44. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1994). I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem (in Bekee). Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-38420-1. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  45. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1992). Tree of Life (in Bekee) (1st American ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-36074-8. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  46. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  47. ↑ Conde, Maryse (1995). Crossing the Mangrove (in Bekee). Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-385-47633-1. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  48. ↑ Self, John (26 September 2021). "Crossing the Mangrove by Maryse Condé – a village united by a vagabond". The Observer. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  49. 1 2 Moudileno, Lydie (1995). "Portrait of the Artist as Dreamer: Maryse Condé's 'Traversée de la Mangrove' and 'Les Derniers Rois Mages'". Callaloo. 18 (3): 626–640. doi:10.1353/cal.1995.0104. ISSN 0161-2492. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  50. ↑ Condä, Maryse (1997). The Last of the African Kings (in Bekee). University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-1489-7. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  51. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1993). La colonie du nouveau monde: roman (in French). Paris: Laffont. ISBN 978-2-221-05903-6. OCLC 29239656. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  52. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1998). Windward Heights (in Bekee). Soho. ISBN 978-1-56947-161-6. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  53. ↑ Tepper, Anderson (5 September 1999). "Windward Heights". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  54. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  55. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1997). Desirada: roman (in Bekee). Paris: R. Laffont. ISBN 9782221084663. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  56. ↑ Schwerdtner, Karin (2005). "Wandering, Women and Writing: Maryse Condé's Desirada". Dalhousie French Studies. 73: 129–137. ISSN 0711-8813. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  57. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2000). Célanire cou-coupé: roman fantastique (in French). Paris: R. Laffont. ISBN 978-2-221-08629-2. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  58. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2004). Who Slashed Celanire's Throat?: A Fantastical Tale (in Bekee). New York, NY: Atria Books. ISBN 978-0-7434-8260-8. OCLC 254224954. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  59. ↑ Bailey Nurse, Donna (25 September 2004). "Unkindest Cut". Washington Post. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  60. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2001). La belle créole: roman (in French). Paris: Mercure de France. ISBN 978-2-7152-1810-9. OCLC 47597710. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  61. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2020). The Belle Créole (in Bekee). Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-0-8139-4423-4. OCLC 1126348970. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  62. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2008). The Story of the Cannibal Woman (in Bekee). Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-7129-5. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  63. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  64. ↑ Schmidt, Elizabeth (15 April 2007). "Magical Thinking". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  65. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2008). Les belles ténébreuses: roman (in French). Mercure de France. ISBN 978-2-7152-2832-0. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  66. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2021). Waiting for the Waters to Rise (in Bekee). World Editions. ISBN 978-1-64286-073-3. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  67. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  68. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2020). The Wondrous and Tragic Life of Ivan and Ivana (in Bekee). World Editions. ISBN 978-1-912987-09-2. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  69. ↑ Jaggi, Maya (16 July 2020). "The Wondrous and Tragic Life of Ivan and Ivana by Maryse Condé review – a scurrilous picaresque". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  70. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  71. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  72. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Makward, Christiane P. (Summer 1995). "Reading Maryse Conde's Theatre". Callaloo. 18 (3): 681–689. doi:10.1353/cal.1995.0094. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  73. ↑ Makward, Christiane (2024). Petite histoire de An Tan Révolisyon, elle court, elle court la Liberté. Presses universitaires des Antilles. ISBN 979-10-95177-02-9. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  74. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  75. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  76. ↑ Clark, VèVè. "'Je Me Suis Réconciliée Avec Mon Île': Une Interview de Maryse Condé". Callaloo (38).
  77. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  78. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  79. ↑ Bruckner, D. J. R. (22 February 1995). "In Performance; Theater". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  80. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  81. ↑ Conde, Maryse (1972). "Three Female Writers in Modern Africa : Flora Nwapa, Ama Ata Aidoo and Grace Ogot". Présence Africaine (82): 132–143. doi:10.3917/presa.082.0132. ISSN 0032-7638. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  82. 1 2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  83. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1993). Entretiens avec Maryse Condé: suivis d'une bibliographie complète (in French). Editions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-86537-435-9. OCLC 30739196. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  84. ↑ Condä, Maryse (1 January 1996). Conversations with Maryse Condä (in Bekee). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-3713-1. OCLC 34243864. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  85. ↑ Pfaff, Françoise (2016). Nouveaux entretiens avec Maryse Condé: écrivain et témoin de son temps (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-1707-8. OCLC 960463375. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  86. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1993). "The Role of the Writer". World Literature Today. 67 (4): 697–699. doi:10.2307/40149563. ISSN 0196-3570. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  87. ↑ Condé, Maryse (1999). Le coeur à rire et à pleurer: contes vrais de mon enfance (in French). Paris: Laffont. ISBN 978-2-266-09868-7. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  88. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2001). Tales from the Heart: True Stories from My Childhood (in Bekee). Soho. ISBN 978-1-56947-264-4. OCLC 46422017. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  89. ↑ Conde, Maryse (2000). "Order, Disorder, Freedom, and the West Indian Writer". Yale French Studies (in Bekee) (97): 151–165. doi:10.2307/2903218. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  90. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2010). Victoire: My Mother's Mother (in Bekee). Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4391-0058-5. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  91. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  92. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2012). La vie sans fards (in French). Le Grand livre du mois. ISBN 978-2-286-09075-3. OCLC 826769208. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  93. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2017). What Is Africa to Me?: Fragments of a True-to-life Autobiography (in Bekee). Seagull Books. ISBN 978-0-85742-376-4. OCLC 964730164. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  94. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2014). The Journey of a Caribbean Writer (in Bekee). London New York Calcutta: Seagull Books. ISBN 978-0-85742-097-8. OCLC 846745180. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  95. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2015). Mets et merveilles. Paris: JC Lattès. ISBN 9782709644792. OCLC 907643787. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  96. ↑ Condé, Maryse (2020). Of Morsels and Marvels (in Bekee). London; New York: Seagull Books. ISBN 978-0-85742-693-2. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  97. ↑ Carruggi, Noëlle (2010). Maryse Condé: rébellion et transgressions (in French). Karthala Editions. p. 17. ISBN 978-2-8111-0362-0. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  98. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  99. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  100. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  101. ↑ Forsdick, Charles (2022). Postcolonial Thought in the French Speaking World (in Bekee). Liverpool University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-80207-934-0. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  102. ↑ Marivat, Gladys (2 April 2024). "Maryse Condé, prolific Guadeloupean writer, dies aged 90". Le Monde (in Bekee). Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  103. 1 2 3 "Author Profile: Maryse Condé" Archived 19 Febụwarị 2022 at the Wayback Machine. World Literature Today (September–December 2004), 78 (3/4), p. 27.
  104. ↑ "Writers Conde, De Veaux Win Hurston/Wright Prizes". Washington Post. 1 November 2005.
  105. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  106. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  107. ↑ Maryse Condé Archived 28 Ọktoba 2023 at the Wayback Machine at Île en île.
  108. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  109. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  110. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  111. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).
  112. ↑ Shaffi, Sarah (30 November 2022). "Tsitsi Dangarembga, Anne Carson and Mary Gaitskill honoured by Royal Society of Literature". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  113. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1 at line 2548: attempt to call field 'is_valid_date' (a nil value).

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