Mlabri
| Mlabri | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Thailand, Laos | |
| Total speakers: | 130 | |
| Language family: | Tustrusyawit Khmuic Mlabri | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | mra | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Mlabri bụ asụsụ ndị Mlabri na-asụ n'ókèala dị n'etiti Thailand na Laos.
A na-ekewa ya dị ka asụsụ Khmuic, otu obere asụsụ Austroasiatic. Ọkà mmụta asụsụ Jørgen Rischel amụọla asụsụ ahụ ma kọwaa ihe pụrụ iche ya n'ọtụtụ ọrụ. O kewara asụsụ ahụ ụzọ atọ: otu nke obere ìgwè na-asụ na Laos ma a na-akpọbu Yumbri, na abụọ ndị ọzọ nke nnukwu ìgwè na Thailand na-asụ. Ha dị iche na olu na okwu ọkọwa okwu.
Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike ịgụta ruo iri na Mlabri, naanị ọnụọgụgụ otu na abụọ ka a ga-eji gbanwee aha, okwu maka 'abụọ' nwekwara ojiji dị nso na 'pair' ma ọ bụ 'couple' na Bekee karịa ọnụọgụgụ.
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mlabri na-akọwapụta gburugburu na ụdaume azụ ya. Ọ nweghị usoro ndebanye aha nke ụfọdụ asụsụ Austroasiatic ndị ọzọ.
| N'ihu | Ịlaghachi azụ | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | gbara gburugburu | ||
| N'akụkụ | i | ɯ | u |
| N'etiti etiti | e | ɤ | o |
| N'etiti oghere | ɛ | ʌ | ɔ |
| Emeghe | a | ||
Mkpụrụedemede niile na-apụta ogologo na mkpụmkpụ. /a/ na-esote ụdaume palato-alveolar, ma nwee ike ịbịaru [ɛ]. E nwekwara ụdaume dị mkpirikpi /ɪ/ nke nwere nkesa pere mpe. Schwas na-apụta na mkpụrụedemede pre-tonic, mana ọ nwere ike ịbụ epenthetic. E nwere ọtụtụ diphthongs.
Ndị na-ejikọta ya na-agụnye nkwụsị abụọ /ɓ/ na /ɗ/, nke a kwadoro n'okwu ndị dị ka wdg">ɓuʔ 'slow' na ɗɤŋ 'can'.[1] Enwere ike inyocha nkwụsị ndị a doro anya dị ka nkwụsịtụ tupu agbakọta, dịka pre-glottalization bụkwa ihe eji eme ihe maka sonorants. Mkpụrụ okwu na-agụnyekwa ụda olu na-enweghị olu, dị ka na mīɛʔ 'ọhụrụ', nītaʔ 'ọdụ ala', nīak ' (ọ dịghị) ọ bụla', ma ọ bụ wīep 'ubu'. N'ụzọ doro anya, enwere ike nyochaa ndị a dị ka usoro nke /h/ na sonorant.
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obstruent | aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | cʰ ~ s | kʰ | h |
| tenuis | p | t | c | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | ɡ | ||
| glottalized | ˀb ~ ɓ | ˀd ~ ɗ | ||||
| Nasal | voiced | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| voiceless | m̥ | n̥ | ɲ̥ | ŋ̊ | ||
| Sonorant | voiced | w | l, r | j, j̊ | ||
| voiceless | w̥ | l̥, (r̥) | ||||
| glottalized | ˀw | ˀj | ||||
Mlabri nwere usoro dị iche iche nke ụdaume nke na-apụta na njedebe nke mkpụrụedemede, gụnyere ụdaume /lh, rh, jh/. [citation needed] ndị a enweghị olu ma ọ bụ na-atọrọ ntamu?] Nke abụọ bụ trill, na nke atọ karịa post-alveolar karịa palatal. Mkpụrụ okwu ndị ọzọ bụ /p t c k ʔ m n ɲ ŋ h l r j w/
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Baetscher (2015). "Mlabri". The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages 2: 1003–1030.
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Rischel, Jørgen, Minor Mlabri. A Hunter-Gatherer Language of Northern Indochina, 1995, .
- Rischel, Jørgen, Pan-dialectal databases: Mlabri, a oral Mon-Khmer language, 2004 May, Lexicography Conference, Chiangmai.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2, White Lotus 2000,
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Jørgen Rischel, N'echiche gịnị ka Mlabri bụ asụsụ West Khmuic?
- http://projekt.ht.lu.se/rwaai RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
- http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0003-66E5-6@view Mlabri na RWAAI Digital Archive