Ngarluma
Ngarluma na Kariyarra bụ ndị otu aha, nke bụ nke a nke Asụsụ Ngayarda nke Western Australia, n'Ezin ngwaahịa Pama-Nyungan. akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na- aro na otu olumba na-atụzi adị, Jaburara, bụ onye nke atọ n'ime ndị na-aga n'ihu.[1] Otú ọ dị, o doro anya na Jaburara nwere ike iche iche nke e kpuchiri site na ike nke ọnụ ndị na-asụ na-asụ Jaburara na-ahụ pre afu nke 19, ma ikiri ihe ụfọdụ na Jabura nwere ike ịbụ olumba nke Martuthunira (lee n'okpuru).
Ọ bụ ebe na Ngarluma Ndị Kaara, dị ka ụzọ nke usoro, na-dị ibe ha, ndị na-asụ ha na-ewere ha dị ka ahia dị iche iche, na- rie nkewa n'etiti ndị Ngarluma da Kariyarra. N'ihi ya, ihe ike iwere ha dị ka otu, nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe.
N'okpuruokpuru nkewa nke Carl Georg von Brandenstein na 1967, a na-hazi Ngarluma dị ka ọrụ "Coastal Ngayarda" (ma ọ bụ Ngaryarta), mana nkewa nke otu ahụ n'ime "Coastal" na "Inland" ikezi ele ya anya dị ka ihe ziri ezi ezi..
Asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Pidgin Ngarluma | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | ||
| Region: | ||
| Total speakers: | none | |
| Language family: | Ngarluma-based pidgin | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | none | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
E taka nkewa dị n'etiti Ngarluma na Kariyarra, mmeghe ma ọ bụ atọ ma ọ bụ anọ sub-dialects n'ime Ngarluma. Otú ọ dị, ụgbọala Jaburara - nke yiri àmà n'etiti ndị Ngarluma na Ndị Jaburara na ala ọdịnala ha bụ obere m nke ndị Ngarloma na ala - bụ isi. E nwere ihe ngosi nke a: a na-ewere olumba Jaburara mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka olumba n'onwe ya, ma ọ bụ olumba Martuthunira. E nwere ihe echiche maka echiche nke ikpeazụ na okwu jaburara, nke ere "ndị ugwu" n'asụsụ nke mpaghara ahụ: [1] ala omenala nke Jaburara, na gburugburu Burrup Peninsula, na-agha n'ebe ugwu nke ala Martuthunira (ebe Jaburara na-echeghị n'ebe ike nke ala Ngarluma).).
A na-eji ụdị pidginized nke Ngarluma mee ihe dị ka ịhụnanya n'Iji ahụ.[1]
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpụrụedemede
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| N'ihu | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|
| Elu | i | u |
| Ala Dị Ala | a | |
| Mpaghara | Akụkụ dị iche iche | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Velar | Ezé ezé | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Plosive | b | k/ɡ | t̪ | ɟ | d | ɖ |
| Ụgbọ imi | m | ŋ | n̪ | ɲ | n | ɳ |
| N'akụkụ | l̪ | ʎ | l | ɭ | ||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Ihe atụ | w | j | ɻ | |||
- A pụkwara ịnụ ụda /r/ dị ka tap [ɾ].
- Mkpụrụ okwu ndị na-esote ụdaume na-apụta na fonetically dị ka [n̪t̪] [ɳɖ] . [2]
Mpaghara asụsụ / ókèala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndị Kariyarra, tupu ndị Europe ebido biri na mpaghara site na Osimiri Yule n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo Port Hedland na ndịda ruo Hamersley Range.
Native Title Determination Area (gụnyere ala Jaburara) na-ekpuchi ahụ n'ebe ndịda site na Point Samson, Cossack, Wickham, Roebourne, ruo n'ókè ugwu nke Millstream-Chichester National Park na; site n'ịtụle nke ọnụ igwe nke Maitland n'ụdị, tusaale nke ruo Peawah dị nso na Whim Creek, obodo obodo Dampier na Karratha.[3]
Otú ọ dị, ókèala a na-ese okwu n'ihi ihe abụọ: ọ na-agụnye mpaghara ndị ọtụtụ ndị Martuthunira na-ewere dị ka mba ọdịnala na; maka ebumnuche iwu, ọ naghị agụnye mpaghara ndị Ọtụtụ ndị Ngarluma na-ewere na ha ga-adaba na mba ọdịnala ha. [citation needed]
Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Dench (1998). "Pidgin Ngarluma: an indigenous contact language in North Western Australia". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 13 (1): 1–20. DOI:10.1075/jpcl.13.1.02den.
- ↑ Kohn (2012). A morphological description of Ngarluma. Port Hedland: Wangka Maya, Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre.
- ↑ Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation. Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation (2012). Retrieved on 12 October 2012.