Orthopraxy

N'ọmụmụ okpukpe, orthopraxy bụ omume ziri ezi, ma nke omume ma nke liturgical, ma e jiri ya tụnyere okwukwe ma ọ bụ amara. ^[1] ^[2]^[3] Orthopraxy dị iche na orthodoxy, nke na-emesi nkwenye ziri ezi ike. ^{[citation needed]} Okwu a bụ ngwakọta neoclassical - 〜Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (orthopraxia) nke pụtara 'omume ziri ezi'.

Ọ bụ ezie na orthodoxies na-eji nkwenkwe ndị e debara aha ha - n'ụdị nkwenkwe - na emume na-elekwasị anya na ịgbasochi omenala ma ọ bụ ememe iwu, orthopraxy na-elekwasịrị anya n'ihe gbasara ezinụlọ, iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ọdịnala, nnyefe ọdịnala, ịchụ àjà, nchegbu nke ịdị ọcha, usoro omume, na itinye ya n'ọrụ. ^[4]

Na Okpukpe Hindu, orthopraxy na ememe na-ejikọkarị. A na-ewerekwa Okpukpe ndị Juu na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst ma okpukpe ma orthopraxies, ebe ha na-eduzi ndị na-eso ụzọ ma omume ma nkwenkwe.^[5]

Okwu mmalite

Okwu orthopraxy sitere na Greek orthos, nke pụtara "ụzọ ziri ezi", na praxis, nke pụtara"omume". Nke mbụ e ji mee ihe na 1851, e nwere nsụgharị abụọ nke okwu ahụ: orthopraxis na orthopraxy. Orthopraxy bụ okwu ochie na nke a na-ahụkarị.

Ụdị Orthopraxy

Iso Ụzọ Kraịst

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahụ Iso Ụzọ Kraịst dị ka nke orthodox (dị ka na Nicene Creed's "M kwenyere na ..."), ụfọdụ òtù na ndị isi nke Ndị Kraịst taa, site na Katọlik ruo Ndị Kraịst nke Evangelical, amalitela ịkọwa okpukpe ha dị ka ma orthodox na orthhopraxic. Ntọala bụ nkwenye ziri ezi na-amanye ime ihe ziri ezi, na nkwenye na-ezighị ezi na-akpata omume na-ezughị ezi.^[6]

Iwere ngwakọta a nke "nkwenye ziri ezi" na "omume ziri ezi" gaa n'ihu, nkà mmụta okpukpe ọganihu, nke a na-ahụ na omenala ndị Charismatic na Pentikọstal, na-akụzi nkwenkwe okpukpe ziri ezi na omume na-enweta ụgwọ ọrụ ihe onwunwe na ọgwụgwọ anụ ahụ, na mgbakwunye na ịbụ akụkụ dị mkpa maka ịnabata amara Chineke. Nkà mmụta okpukpe nke ọganihu bụ echiche a maara dị ka mmeghachi omume mgbe ị na-atụle okpukpe ọdịnala ma ọ bụ agbụrụ dịka nke dị na Gris oge ochie, mana ọ na-ejedebe na omume ziri ezi karịa otu echiche nkà mmụta okpukpe ọ bụla.^[7]

A na-arụ ụka banyere itinye iwu Bible n'ọrụ na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. Ọtụtụ Ndị Kraịst kwenyere na ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ niile n'ime Iwu Iri ahụ ka na-ejide ma ọ bụ e weghachiri ya n'iwu Kraịst. Ndị Kraịst ole na ole na-edebe Torah na n'ụzọ ọzọ bụ ndị na-emegide na ndị Kraịst.

Iso Ụzọ Kraịst nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ

Praxis bụ isi ihe iji ghọta ọdịnala Byzantium, nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na ụfọdụ Chọọchị Katọlik nke Ọwụwarị na-edebe. Nke a bụ n'ihi na praxis bụ ihe ndabere nke nghọta nke okwukwe na ọrụ dị ka ndị mmekọ, na-enweghị ikewapụ ha abụọ. Mkpa praxis, n'echiche nke omume, gosipụtara na nkwupụta nke Saint Maximus the Confessor: "Theology na-enweghị omume bụ nkà mmụta okpukpe nke ndị mmụọ ọjọọ. "^[8]

Njikọ ya na Chineke, nke Ndị Kraịst kwenyere na Jizọs kpọrọ mmadụ, chọrọ ọ bụghị naanị okwukwe, kamakwa ezi omume okwukwe. A na-ahụ echiche a n'Akwụkwọ Nsọ (1 Ndị Kọrịnt 11:2, 2 Ndị Tesalonaịka Abịan na Ndị Nna Chọọchị, ma jikọta ya na okwu praxis na nkà mmụta okpukpe na okwu Byzantium. ^[9] N'ihe gbasara Ọtọdọks, a na-ekwu maka praxis na nkà mmụta okpukpe, n'echiche nke 'echiche na omume'. ^[10] Kama nke ahụ, ọ bụ okwu nke pụtara, n'ụwa niile, ihe niile ndị Ọtọdọks na-eme.^[11] Praxis bụ 'Ortọdọks dị ndụ'. ^[12]

Praxis nwere ike ịbụ ihe jikọrọ ya na ofufe. "Orthopraxis" ka a na-ekwu na ọ pụtara "ebube ziri ezi" ma ọ bụ "ofufe ziri ezi"; ^[13] naanị omume ziri ezi (ma ọ bụ nke ziri ezi), karịsịa ofufe ziri ezi, ka a na'aghọta dị ka ịmepụta ebube zuru oke e nyere Chineke. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ebumnuche bụ isi nke liturgy (ọrụ chi), ọrụ nke ndị mmadụ. Ụfọdụ akwụkwọ ndị Byzantium na-ekwusi ike na n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ, e belatara Iso Ụzọ Kraịst "na ọgụgụ isi, ụkpụrụ omume ma ọ bụ ụdị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya," ebe ofufe ziri ezi dị mkpa na mmekọrịta anyị na Chineke, na-azụ ndị kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi n'ime Ahụ Kraịst ma na-enye ụzọ maka "ezi agụmakwụkwọ okpukpe".^[14] A na-ewere "ihe nnọchianya nke ofufe na ọrụ" dị ka ihe dị n'omume Byzantium.^[15]

Okpukpe Hindu

Okpukpe Hindu na-ekwusi ike na orthopraxy n'ihi na ọ na-emetụta sanātana dharma (dharma na-adịgide adịgide, nke nwere ihe dharma pụtara, n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị isi bie ndụ).^[16]

N'ihe banyere Okpukpe Hindu, a na-ejikọta orthopraxy na ememe. Nkwado na nzọpụta onwe onye (moksha) bụ nnukwu nkewa na Nkà ihe ọmụma Hindu oge ochie, nke Purva Mimamsa vs. Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta) gosipụtara.

Omenala (puja) na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na Okpukpe Hindu nke oge a, mana nnukwu mgbagwoju anya nke emenala oge ochie (yajna) na-adịgide naanị na obere ndị na-eme Shrauta. Ọbụna ndị Hindu na-eji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi eme obere emume a na-akpọ orthoprax, iji mee ka ha dị iche na ndị Hindu ndị ọzọ na-ekwusi ike na mkpa nkwenye ma ọ bụ nghọta ziri ezi. A na-ewere izi ezi nke nkọwa nke akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ dị ka ihe na-adịchaghị mkpa karịa ịgbaso ọdịnala. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Srinivasa Ramanujan bụ ihe atụ a ma ama nke onye Hindu orthoprax.

N'ihe gbasara "omume kwesịrị ekwesị" na ụkpụrụ omume ndị ọzọ n'ime usoro Hindu, nkwenye bụ isi na-agụnye chi nke mkpụrụ obi ọ bụla (jivatma). Onye ọ bụla na-eburu "Chineke (chi) a"; ya mere, a na-ekwusi ike omume nke na-eme ka ọha mmadụ dị n'otu ma na-eme gore ọganihu dị mfe. A na-egbochi ịdị adị nke onwe n'ihi echiche jivatma a. Ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma Uttara Mimamsa na-akọwa echiche a n'ụzọ doro anya. Ọzọkwa, n'ime ihe gbasara Uttara Mimamsa ọrụ nke puja (ememe) na-agụnyekwa ime ka onye jivatma dị nso na Paramatma (Chineke Transcendent ma ọ bụ Chineke). Ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwetara njikọta a na-aghọ ndị nduzi ime mmụọ maka obodo. Ọganihu ndị ọzọ n'ime ọdịnala okpukpe na nke nkà ihe ọmụma Hindu na-anwa ijikọ echiche ndị a nke ememe, omume kwesịrị ekwesị, na nzọpụta onwe onye kama ịhapụ ha n'okwu na-emegiderịta onwe ha. Mgbanwe nke Pandurang Shastri Athavale kpaliri nke a na-akpọ Swadhyaya yiri ka ọ bụ otu ngosipụta nke syncretism a. Otú ọ dị, òtù ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ọnọdụ Hindu nke oge a na-aga n'ihu na njikọ a nke ọrụ mpụga na mmepe ime.

Alakụba

Islam n'ozuzu ya na-ekwusi ike na orthodoxy karịa orthodocy. Enwere ike ịhụ nke a n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na akụkọ a ga-asụgharị n'ụbọchị ikpe (yaum al-Din) bụ otu n'ime ọrụ.^[16] Otú ọ dị, ebe ọ bụ na a na-ewere omume ahụ dị ka nke sitere na nkuzi, nke a bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi orthodoxy a na-etinye n'omume. ^{[citation needed]}

Okpukpe Jain

Jain orthopraxy dabeere na ihe abụọ: Jain siddhanta (ozizi nke Tirthankara) na kriya (omume juru ebe niile n'oge Tirthankaras). Dị ka Jains si kwuo, ndị Tirthankaras gbadoro ụkwụ na nkuzi na nkà ihe ọmụma ha mgbe ha matachara ihe dị adị na mbara igwe a (dị ka dravya na tattva). Dabere na eziokwu ndị a, ha kwuputara ụkpụrụ ezi na ebighebi dịka ahimsa, eziokwu, karma wdg na-achị eluigwe na ụwa. E ji ụkpụrụ ndị a hazie ememe Jain iji mee ka ozizi ndị Tirthankara dị irè.

Okpukpe ndị Juu

Okirikiri nwere 'U' n'ime ya (nke a na-akpọ "OU") na-egosi na ngwaahịa a bụ kosher site na Orthodox Union.

Nkwupụta Shema Yisrael

A na-ewerekwa Okpukpe ndị Juu dị ka okpukpe na orthopraxy ka ọ na-eduzi ndị na-eso ya ma n'omume ma n'okpukpe.

Okpukpe ndị Juu na-etinye ihe dị mkpa na omume nke mitzvot, na na omume ọ bụla nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị na-agbaso ụkpụrụ omume na nkuzi nke Torah. Otú ọ dị, e bu n’obi mee mmegharị ahụ ndị a ka usoro ụkpụrụ ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ omume nke ha bụ akụkụ nke ya, nke mere na a naghị ahụ usoro okpukperechi anya dị ka nanị ụzọ iche echiche dị ka ozizi ndị guzosiri ike si dị..^[17]

Ọzọkwa, Maimonides na-ahazi ụkpụrụ okwukwe ya 13 dị ka ozizi nkà mmụta okpukpe na-ejikọta ọnụ, na dị ka Maimonides si kwuo ụfọdụ iwu nke Torah chọrọ ịnakwere ụfọdụ nkwenkwe bụ isi, dị ka iwu nke mbụ na nke abụọ dị na Maimonides' Sefer Hamitzvot, nke nyere iwu ikwere na Chineke na ịdị n'otu ya a na-apụghị ikewa ekewa, ma ọ bụ ịgụgharị Shema. Nhazi nke Maimonides nke iwu ndị Juu nwere ọbụna nwere akụkụ aha ya bụ Yesodei HaTorah, bụ́ nke na-akọwapụta nkwenkwe ndị a chọrọ n'okpukpe ndị Juu..^[18]

Okpukpe Ndị Ọhụrụ

British Traditional Wicca

Wicca omenala nke Britain bụ nke ukwuu orthopraxic, na "ọdịnala" (dị ka a na-akpọ òtù okpukpe) bụ kpọmkwem nke ahụ - nke a na-akọwa site n'ihe a na-eme omenala, kama ịbụ otu nkwenkwe.[1] Ndị Neopagan ndị ọzọ nwere ike ma ọ bụ ghara ịkekọrịta àgwà a, dị ka James R. Lewis si kwuo, bụ onye na-esetịpụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti "Ndị Neo-Pagans okpukpe" na "Chineke / dess Celebrant." Lewis kwuru na ihe ka n'ọnụ ọgụgụ n'òtù neopagan na-emegide omenaala okpukpere chi nke na-agụnye ụdị ọ bụla nke orthopraxy ma ọ bụ okpukperechi.[2] N'ezie, ọtụtụ òtù Neopagan, mgbe ha na-ekwurịta orthopraxy, na-ejedebe onwe ha nanị na omenala..^[19]

Kemetism

Kemetism bụ mmalite nke omume okpukpe ndị Ijipt oge ochie. Ha na-asọpụrụ ma na-agbaso nhọrọ nke neter nke onwe ha ( Chi ochie nke Egypt; Asụsụ Ijipt: nṯr, nTr). Ha nwere ike họrọ itinye amamihe ndị Ijipt oge ochie na ndụ ha kwa ụbọchị.

Nrụzigharị nke ọtụtụ chi

Okpukpe ndị na-eme mgbanwe na-eji orthopraxy eme ihe n'ụzọ zuru oke, na-akọwa omume ha dị ka ụzọ ndụ, ma na-achọpụta omume ziri ezi dị ka ndụ dị ndụ n'ụzọ kwekọrọ na echiche na ụkpụrụ ụfọdụ, ^[20] ^[21] ^[22] ^[23] kama ilekwasị anya naanị na ememe ma ọ bụ ịkwalite otu cosmology, echiche metaphysical, ma ọ bụ ozizi nkà mmụta okpukpe dị ka eziokwu zuru oke.^[24]^[25]

Okpukpe Tao

Taoism na-aghọta ụzọ ziri ezi nke ibi ndụ dị ka nke kwekọrọ na Tao, "Ụzọ", na-ezo aka n'ụzọ nke eluigwe na ala - usoro ịdị adị gburugburu anyị, nke a na-enyocha, ghọta, ma kọwaa mgbe niile. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-ebi ndụ dịka ụkpụrụ nke Tao - isi iyi, eluigwe na ala, ụkpụrụ nke ihe niile - ị na-adị ndụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi.

Hụkwa

Ihe edeturu

↑ Jackson (2007). The Illustrated Dictionary of Culture. Lotus Press, 147. ISBN 978-81-89093-26-6.
↑ Westley (2005). The Bibliophile's Dictionary. Writer's Digest Books, 91. ISBN 978-1-58297-356-2.
↑ McKim (1996). Westminster Dictionary of Theological Terms. Westminster John Knox Press, 197. ISBN 978-0-664-25511-4.
↑ Antes (2004). New Approaches to the Study of Religion: Regional, Critical, and Historical Approaches. Walter de Gruyter, 86. ISBN 978-3-11-018175-3.
↑ Murphy (1995). Christ, the form of beauty : a study in theology and literature. Edinburgh: T & T Clark. ISBN 0-567-09708-0. OCLC 35792467.
↑ Murphy (1995). Christ the Form of Beauty: A Study in Theology and Literature. Continuum International Publishing Group, 150–151. ISBN 978-0-567-09708-8.
↑ Gill (1998). Reciprocity in Ancient Greece. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-814997-2.
↑ Mission among Other Faiths: An Orthodox Perspective. Archived from the original on 2010-07-05. Retrieved on 2025-03-13.
↑ Yahoo | Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos. Archived from the original on January 5, 2013.
↑ The Fellowship of St. Cædmon | Orthodox Christian Literature in the English Tradition. arts.tuirgin.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.
↑ Orthodox Praxis. www.orthodoxpraxis.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.
↑ The Orthodox World-View.
↑ 404 - Page Not Found :: Orthodox Christian Information Center. orthodoxinfo.com.
↑ The Orthodox Difference. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10.
↑ Title. www.syrianorthodoxarchdiocese.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 Berling. "Orthopraxy", Encyclopedia of Religion.
↑ Dubov. Doing or Understanding - Which Comes First?. chabad.org. Retrieved on 8 July 2014.
↑ Maimonides. Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah. Chabad.org. Retrieved on 8 July 2014.
↑ Corrigan, Ian. Discussing Pagan Theology. Ár nDraíocht Féin (A Druid Fellowship). Retrieved on September 10, 2008. “The pagan religion was about orthopraxy, doing the customs correctly. Your "believerhood" at a temple had more to do with entering the temple and walking three times about the idol and making your image and reciting the inscription on the wall, which was how they did it in the Roman temples.”
↑ Answers about Asatru. Asatru Alliance. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “Proper behavior in Asatru consists of maximizing one's virtues and minimizing one's vices.”
↑ An Introduction to Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism. Paganachd. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “(Celtic Reconstructionism is) grounded in traditional Celtic virtues which should be embraced, adopted, and integrated into one’s daily life.”
↑ About the Religio Romana. Temple of Religio Romana. Archived from the original on December 4, 2003. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “We have included the ancient Roman Virtues as an accompaniment to spiritual practice as we feel that they are conducive to the fulfillment of one's higher self.”
↑ Frequently asked questions about the Hellenic religion and tradition. Supreme Council of Ethnikoi Hellenes. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “We do not just strive for a superficial return to the 'ancient ways', but on the contrary, for the return of a different kind of person, Hellenic Man, who will be governed by humanistic values, as were first expressed and exhibited by our ancestors. A type of man who will journey on the path of Virtue.”
↑ What is Kemetic Orthodoxy?. The House of Netjer. Archived from the original on September 11, 2008. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “Practicing Kemetic Orthodoxy requires a commitment to preserving the cultural heritage established in the past which Kemetic Orthodoxy continues to represent, even in places and times well removed from its original practice.”
↑ Alexander, Timothy Jay. On Orthopraxy. Hellenismos.us. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved on September 12, 2008. “Our concern is with humanity and the natural world, and we leave open questions relating to the absolute nature of the Gods, Absolute Reality, and Divine Truth to individual personal interpretation.”

[1] Jackson (2007). The Illustrated Dictionary of Culture. Lotus Press, 147. ISBN 978-81-89093-26-6.

[2] Westley (2005). The Bibliophile's Dictionary. Writer's Digest Books, 91. ISBN 978-1-58297-356-2.

[3] McKim (1996). Westminster Dictionary of Theological Terms. Westminster John Knox Press, 197. ISBN 978-0-664-25511-4.

[4] Antes (2004). New Approaches to the Study of Religion: Regional, Critical, and Historical Approaches. Walter de Gruyter, 86. ISBN 978-3-11-018175-3.

[5] Murphy (1995). Christ, the form of beauty : a study in theology and literature. Edinburgh: T & T Clark. ISBN 0-567-09708-0. OCLC 35792467.

[6] Murphy (1995). Christ the Form of Beauty: A Study in Theology and Literature. Continuum International Publishing Group, 150–151. ISBN 978-0-567-09708-8.

[7] Gill (1998). Reciprocity in Ancient Greece. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-814997-2.

[8] Mission among Other Faiths: An Orthodox Perspective. Archived from the original on 2010-07-05. Retrieved on 2025-03-13.

[9] Yahoo | Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos. Archived from the original on January 5, 2013.

[10] The Fellowship of St. Cædmon | Orthodox Christian Literature in the English Tradition. arts.tuirgin.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.

[11] Orthodox Praxis. www.orthodoxpraxis.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.

[12] The Orthodox World-View.

[13] 404 - Page Not Found :: Orthodox Christian Information Center. orthodoxinfo.com.

[14] The Orthodox Difference. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10.

[15] Title. www.syrianorthodoxarchdiocese.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2004. Retrieved on 15 January 2022.

[Berling-16] 16.0 ^16.1 Berling. "Orthopraxy", Encyclopedia of Religion.

[17] Dubov. Doing or Understanding - Which Comes First?. chabad.org. Retrieved on 8 July 2014.

[18] Maimonides. Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah. Chabad.org. Retrieved on 8 July 2014.

[19] Corrigan, Ian. Discussing Pagan Theology. Ár nDraíocht Féin (A Druid Fellowship). Retrieved on September 10, 2008. “The pagan religion was about orthopraxy, doing the customs correctly. Your "believerhood" at a temple had more to do with entering the temple and walking three times about the idol and making your image and reciting the inscription on the wall, which was how they did it in the Roman temples.”

[20] Answers about Asatru. Asatru Alliance. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “Proper behavior in Asatru consists of maximizing one's virtues and minimizing one's vices.”

[21] An Introduction to Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism. Paganachd. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “(Celtic Reconstructionism is) grounded in traditional Celtic virtues which should be embraced, adopted, and integrated into one’s daily life.”

[22] About the Religio Romana. Temple of Religio Romana. Archived from the original on December 4, 2003. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “We have included the ancient Roman Virtues as an accompaniment to spiritual practice as we feel that they are conducive to the fulfillment of one's higher self.”

[23] Frequently asked questions about the Hellenic religion and tradition. Supreme Council of Ethnikoi Hellenes. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “We do not just strive for a superficial return to the 'ancient ways', but on the contrary, for the return of a different kind of person, Hellenic Man, who will be governed by humanistic values, as were first expressed and exhibited by our ancestors. A type of man who will journey on the path of Virtue.”

[24] What is Kemetic Orthodoxy?. The House of Netjer. Archived from the original on September 11, 2008. Retrieved on September 11, 2008. “Practicing Kemetic Orthodoxy requires a commitment to preserving the cultural heritage established in the past which Kemetic Orthodoxy continues to represent, even in places and times well removed from its original practice.”

[25] Alexander, Timothy Jay. On Orthopraxy. Hellenismos.us. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved on September 12, 2008. “Our concern is with humanity and the natural world, and we leave open questions relating to the absolute nature of the Gods, Absolute Reality, and Divine Truth to individual personal interpretation.”

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