Osimiri Kagera

Osimiri Kagera, a makwaara dị ka Osimiri Akagera, ma ọ bụ Alexandra Naịl, bụ osimiri dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka, nke bụ akụkụ nke isi mmiri dị n'elu Osimiri Naịl ma na-ebu mmiri site na isi iyi ya kachasị anya. Na ngụkọta nke 597 km (371 mi) site na isi iyi ya dị na Lake Rweru na Rwanda.

Akụkụ nke osimiri a na-akpọ Kagera na-amalite na Burundi, na-esi n'Ọdọ Mmiri Rweru na-apụta. Site n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ọ na-asọba n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'akụkụ ókèala Rwanda-Burundi na Rwanda-Tanzania ruo n'ókè ya na Osimiri Ruvubu. Mmiri nke Kagera na-enweta site na isi mmiri abụọ, Nyabarongo nke Rwanda, nke na-enye Lake Rweru, na Ruvubu nke Burundi. A maghị nke n'ime osimiri abụọ a na-enye mmiri bụ nke kachasị ogologo ma ya mere isi iyi nke Naịl. Site na njikọ ahụ, Kagera na-asọba n'ebe ugwu n'ókè Rwanda na Tanzania, n'elu Rusumo Falls na site na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Akagera. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-agbanye n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na-agbaso ókèala Tanzania-Uganda ma na-abanye n'Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria na Uganda. N'afọ 1898, Richard Kandt bụ onye Europe mbụ rutere isi iyi nke Kagera. ^[1]

Osimiri ahụ egosila n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba ndị ọ na-agafe, ọkachasị Rwanda. N'afọ 1894, onye Germany Gustav Adolf von Götzen gafere Kagera na Rusumo Falls, na-egosi oge ọchịchị Rwanda nke malitere n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro n'afọ 1899. Na 1916, n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, ndị Belgium meriri ndị Germany, na-abanye Rwanda site n'otu ụzọ ahụ. Osimiri ahụ nwetara aha ọjọọ n'ụwa niile na 1994 maka ibu ozu site na Mgbukpọ agbụrụ nke Rwanda gaa n'Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria, na-eme ka ekwupụta ọnọdụ mberede n'ógbè Uganda, ebe ozu ndị a mechara kpochapụ.

Ọdịdị ala

Kagera na-amalite na Burundi ma na-asọba n'Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria. Ọ bụ osimiri kachasị ukwuu na-ebubata mmiri n'ime ọdọ mmiri ahụ, na-enye ihe dị ka ijeri mita kubik 6.4 nke mmiri kwa afọ, nke bụ ihe dịka pasent 28 nke mmiri na-apụ n'Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria.Osimiri Kagera sitere na njikọta Osimiri Ruvuvu na Osimiri Nyabarongo, n'ebe dị nso na akụkụ ugwu kachasị elu nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika.Ọ na-eme akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ókèala dị n'etiti Burundi na Tanzania, Rwanda na Tanzania, Burundi na Rwanda, nakwa Tanzania na Uganda.Osimiri a nyere Ogige Ntụrụndụ Mba Akagera dị n'ebe ugwu Rwanda aha ya, ma nyekwa Mpaghara Kagera nke Tanzania aha ya.N'elu osimiri ahụ ka Mmiri Ọda Rusumo dị, nke bụ ebe dị mkpa a na-agafe n'etiti Rwanda na Tanzania. Ọ dị nso na obodo Rusumo.

Azụ

Mmiri nke Osimiri Kagera jupụtara na azụ. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2001, e nwere ọ dịkarịa ala ụdị 55 a maara site na ngalaba Rwandan naanị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ nwere ike ịdị elu.^[2] E dekọrọ ụdị asaa ọzọ na nyocha ndị ọzọ. Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụdị haplochromine cichlids iri na ise a na-akọwaghị akọwa nke dị na ụfọdụ ọdọ mmiri ndị dị n'akụkụ elu nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ.^[3] N'ihi ọtụtụ nsụda mmiri na rapids, akụkụ dị iche iche nke ọdọ mmiri Kagera kewara n'ụzọ doro anya, na-eme ka mmegharị azụ n'etiti ha sie ike ma ọ bụ ọbụna ghara ikwe omume. ^[4]

Otu ụdị a maara na ọ bi na ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ya bụ Labeobarbus microbarbis, ka a na-ewere ugbu a dị ka ihe na-adịghịzi adị.

Mgbukpọ agbụrụ

N'oge mgbukpọ agbụrụ Rwanda nke afọ 1994,e ji Kagera mee ihe iji kpochapụ ozu ka e gburu ọtụtụ puku Ndị Tutsi na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Hutu n'akụkụ osimiri .Osimiri ahụ butere ọtụtụ n'ime ozu ndị ahụ banye n'Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria, nke kpatara nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nye ahụike ọha na eze na Uganda.

Hụkwa

Osimiri Ruvuvu - Akụkụ aka nri nke osimiri ahụ
Osimiri Nyabarongo - Osimiri a na-asọba n'akụkụ aka ekpe

Edensibịa

Ihe edeturu

↑ GERMAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CARTOGRAPHY OF SOUTH WEST AND EAST AFRICA FROM MID 19th CENTURY TO WORLD WAR I. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved on 2019-09-21.
↑ De Vos, L (2001). "An Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of Rwanda (East Central Africa), With Historical Data on Introductions of Commercially Important Species". Journal of East African Natural History 90 (1): 41–68. DOI:[41:AACOTF2.0.CO;2 10.2982/0012-8317(2001)90[41:AACOTF]2.0.CO;2].
↑ Sayer, C.A. (2018). Freshwater biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin: Guidance for species conservation, site protection, climate resilience and sustainable livelihoods. Cambridge, UK and Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. DOI:10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.RA.2.en. ISBN 9782831718965.
↑ Berakhi (2014-05-23). "Land use and land cover change and its implications in Kagera river basin, East Africa". African Geographical Review 34 (3): 209–231. DOI:10.1080/19376812.2014.912140. ISSN 1937-6812.

Ebe e si nweta ya

Dumont (2009). The Nile: Origin, Environments, Limnology and Human Use. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-9725-6.
January (2007). Genocide: modern crimes against humanity. Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0-7613-3421-7.
Rangeley (1994). International river basin organizations in sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Publications. ISBN 0-8213-2871-9.

Njikọ mpụga

[1] GERMAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CARTOGRAPHY OF SOUTH WEST AND EAST AFRICA FROM MID 19th CENTURY TO WORLD WAR I. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved on 2019-09-21.

[DeVos2001-2] De Vos, L (2001). "An Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of Rwanda (East Central Africa), With Historical Data on Introductions of Commercially Important Species". Journal of East African Natural History 90 (1): 41–68. DOI:[41:AACOTF2.0.CO;2 10.2982/0012-8317(2001)90[41:AACOTF]2.0.CO;2].

[Sayer2018-3] Sayer, C.A. (2018). Freshwater biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin: Guidance for species conservation, site protection, climate resilience and sustainable livelihoods. Cambridge, UK and Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. DOI:10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.RA.2.en. ISBN 9782831718965.

[4] Berakhi (2014-05-23). "Land use and land cover change and its implications in Kagera river basin, East Africa". African Geographical Review 34 (3): 209–231. DOI:10.1080/19376812.2014.912140. ISSN 1937-6812.

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